ISRO Tests Semi-Cryogenic Rocket Engine

ISRO conducted a hot test of its semi-cryogenic engine power head on 24 June 2026 at the ISRO Propulsion Complex in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. The test reached 175 tonnes of thrust, which was 88% of the target thrust, and it was the eighth hot test in the Power Head Test Article series.

Semi-Cryogenic Propulsion Stage

The semi-cryogenic propulsion stage is designated SC120 and uses the SE2000 engine with a thrust rating of 2,000 kilonewtons. It is being developed to replace the L110 core stage of the LVM3 launch vehicle.

Propellants and Launch Vehicle Use

The semi-cryogenic stage uses liquid oxygen and kerosene as propellants. Liquid oxygen and kerosene are classified as cryogenic oxidiser and hydrocarbon fuel combinations in launch vehicle propulsion systems.

Related Engine Tests in 2026

ISRO conducted a sea-level hot test of the CE20 cryogenic engine in March 2026 at a thrust level of 22 tonnes. ISRO also tested a redesigned PS4 engine on 9 May 2026 at the ISRO Propulsion Complex using Additive Manufacturing technology.

Important Facts for Exams

• The LVM3 is India’s heavy-lift launch vehicle used for satellite launches and deep-space missions.
• The L110 stage of LVM3 uses liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen in cryogenic propulsion systems.
• Additive Manufacturing is a production method that builds components layer by layer from digital designs.
• Mahendragiri in Tamil Nadu houses the ISRO Propulsion Complex, which tests rocket engines and propulsion systems.

Operational Target

The enhanced LVM3 is targeted for operational entry around 2027. The full-thrust demonstration of the semi-cryogenic engine is planned at 200 tonnes.