1. Luis Montenegro has been appointed as the Prime Minister of which country?
[A] Portugal
[B] Spain
[C] New Zealand
[D] Ireland
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Portugal]
Notes:
Luis Montenegro has been reappointed as the Prime Minister of Portugal after the recent general elections. He leads the centre-right Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the Democratic Alliance (AD). He aims to focus on improving Portugal’s economy, public services, and the national health system. His return marks a period of political adjustment under a minority government.
2. What is the name of the Ukrainian operation that involved a major drone strike on Russian air bases?
[A] Operation Iron Shield
[B] Operation Sky Watch
[C] Operation Spider Web
[D] Operation Thunder
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Operation Spider Web]
Notes:
Ukraine carried out its most powerful drone strike under Operation Spider Web. The strike was conducted by the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU). It targeted strategic bomber aircraft at Russian air bases using drones. The attack involved first-person view (FPV) drones, also called Remote Person View (RPV) drones. This marks a major shift in drone warfare, showing Ukraine’s growing use of advanced unmanned aerial technology.
3. Which country passed a new law called the Act on the Promotion of Research, Development and Utilisation of AI-Related Technologies?
[A] India
[B] Russia
[C] France
[D] Japan
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Japan]
Notes:
In May 2025, Japan passed a new law called the Act on the Promotion of Research, Development and Utilisation of Artificial Intelligence-Related Technologies. This law aims to make Artificial Intelligence (AI) the core of Japan’s digital leadership and economic growth. Unlike strict global rules, Japan’s approach encourages coordination and voluntary responsibility instead of heavy regulation. This is different from the European Union’s AI Act passed in 2024. The EU law divides AI into risk levels like “Unacceptable” and “Minimal” and places strict rules on high-risk uses. Japan’s flexible model reflects a major shift in global AI policy thinking.
4. Which country has partnered with the World Health Organization (WHO) to launch a humanitarian initiative on Socotra Island?
[A] Saudi Arabia
[B] Oman
[C] Qatar
[D] United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [United Arab Emirates (UAE)]
Notes:
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have launched a two-year humanitarian initiative to fight severe malnutrition on Yemen’s Socotra Island. Socotra Island faces a health emergency with a Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) rate of 10.9% and Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) rate of 1.6% among children under five. The program focuses on reducing maternal and child deaths caused by malnutrition through food, health, and awareness support. It includes strengthening healthcare systems by training staff, supplying medicine, and improving epidemic response capacity.
5. Which countries were elected as non-permanent members of the United Nations (UN) Security Council in 2025?
[A] India, Australia, Bangladesh, Russia, France
[B] Bahrain, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Latvia, and Liberia
[C] Georgia, Belarus, India, Denmark, Armenia
[D] Chile, Poland, Peru, Rwanda, Sweden
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Bahrain, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Latvia, and Liberia]
Notes:
Recently, Bahrain, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Latvia, and Liberia were elected as non-permanent members of the United Nations (UN) Security Council. Their two-year terms will start in January 2026 and last until the end of 2027. They will join existing non-permanent members Denmark, Greece, Pakistan, Panama, and Somalia, serving through 2026. These new members will replace Algeria, Guyana, the Republic of Korea, Sierra Leone, and Slovenia, whose terms end in December 2025. The Security Council has 15 members, including five permanent members with veto power: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
6. The Sustainable Energy for All (SEfor ALL) initiative was launched by which organization?
[A] World Bank
[B] African Union (AU)
[C] United Nations (UN)
[D] Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [United Nations (UN)]
Notes:
The National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Limited, a state-run energy company in India, has signed an agreement with Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) to create an energy transition roadmap. Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) is a global initiative launched by the United Nations (UN) in 2011. It is a partnership involving governments, private companies, and civil society to promote clean and accessible energy. SEforALL is an independent organization hosted by the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS).
7. The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has declared which year as the International Year of the Woman Farmer?
[A] 2025
[B] 2026
[C] 2027
[D] 2028
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [2026]
Notes:
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has officially declared the year 2026 as the International Year of the Woman Farmer. This resolution was proposed by the United States of America and was adopted by all member countries through consensus. The main aim is to recognize and highlight the vital role women farmers play in ensuring food security, improving nutrition, and fighting poverty. It also focuses on promoting gender equality and empowering women in the agriculture sector.
8. Which two countries launched the Blue Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) Challenge at the third UN Ocean Conference?
[A] India and France
[B] Brazil and India
[C] France and Brazil
[D] Australia and Kenya
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [France and Brazil]
Notes:
On the first day of the third United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC3), France and Brazil launched the Blue Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) Challenge. This new global initiative urges countries to put oceans at the center of their climate strategies ahead of the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) to be held in Brazil in November 2025. The initiative aims to scale up ocean-focused climate action to limit global warming and build resilience. Countries like Australia, Fiji, Kenya, Mexico, Palau, and Seychelles have already joined the challenge.
9. What was the name of the global cyber operation conducted by Interpol between January and April 2025?
[A] Operation Firewall
[B] Operation Cybershield
[C] Operation Clean Net
[D] Operation Secure
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Operation Secure]
Notes:
Interpol coordinated a global cybercrime crackdown called ‘Operation Secure’ from January to April 2025. More than 20,000 malicious Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and domains linked to information-stealing malware were taken down. Law enforcement agencies from 26 countries, including India, joined efforts to locate servers and dismantle cybercriminal infrastructure. Interpol worked with private companies like Group-IB, Kaspersky, and Trend Micro to share cyber intelligence across Asia.
10. Where is the headquarters of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) located?
[A] Montreal, Canada
[B] Paris, France
[C] Beijing, China
[D] Moscow, Russia
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Montreal, Canada]
Notes:
India performed better than the global average in air operations and safety, according to the audit by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in November 2022. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a United Nations (UN) specialized agency formed under the Chicago Convention of 1944. It works to promote safe, secure, and efficient international air transport for peaceful purposes. It sets global aviation safety and environmental standards and supports economic development of air transport.