International Current Affairs MCQs

Notes:
Mauritius has become the first African country and the fourth globally to sign a Country Partnership Framework (CPF) with the International Solar Alliance (ISA). The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is a global platform that promotes solar energy cooperation among member countries. The CPF offers a structured plan for long- and medium-term collaboration on solar projects aligned with Mauritius’s national goals. This agreement aims to speed up clean energy transition through joint solar initiatives. A Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) will be created to suit Mauritius’s energy needs.

Notes:
Daniel Noboa has been re-elected as the President of Ecuador for a second term. Ecuador is a country located in the northwestern part of South America. It shares its northern border with Colombia and its eastern and southern borders with Peru. The country has a western coastline along the Pacific Ocean. Daniel Noboa’s re-election reflects continued public support for his leadership. Ecuador is known for its diverse geography, including the Andes mountains, Amazon rainforest, and the Galápagos Islands. The country plays an important role in regional politics and environmental conservation efforts.

Notes:
The Philippines confirmed the deployment of the United States anti-ship missile system NMESIS for this year’s Balikatan military exercises. NMESIS stands for Navy Marine Expeditionary Ship Interdiction System. It is developed for the United States Marine Corps (USMC) to support land-to-sea missile attacks. It uses the Naval Strike Missile (NSM), the latest anti-ship missile of the United States Navy. The missile is mounted on an unmanned version of the Oshkosh Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV). The vehicle platform is called Remotely Operated Ground Unit for Expeditionary (ROGUE) Fires. Oshkosh Defense supplies the ROGUE Fires vehicle. The Naval Strike Missile is jointly made by Raytheon Missiles and Defense from the United States and Kongsberg Defence and Aerospace from Norway.

Notes:
India and Nepal recently inaugurated the start of electromechanical works at the Arun-3 Hydroelectric Project to ensure its timely completion. The Arun-3 Hydroelectric Project is located on the Arun River, a tributary of the Kosi River, in Sankhuwasabha District of eastern Nepal. It is a 900 Megawatt (MW) Run-of-River scheme, which means it uses the river’s natural flow without needing a large reservoir.

Notes:
Nepal has introduced a new draft law to allow only experienced climbers, who have scaled peaks above 7,000 metres, to attempt Mount Everest. This step comes in response to rising deaths, overcrowding, and environmental damage on the world’s tallest mountain. By restricting access, Nepal hopes to improve climber safety and promote responsible tourism. The law aims to ensure that only skilled mountaineers with proven high-altitude experience undertake such risky expeditions. The move also supports environmental conservation by addressing waste buildup and uncontrolled tourist flow in the fragile Everest ecosystem. This reflects Nepal’s growing commitment to sustainable mountaineering practices.

Notes:
Lawrence Wong has been elected as Prime Minister of Singapore. He is from the People’s Action Party (PAP), which has ruled Singapore since independence. Wong is an economist and served as the Finance Minister since 2021 before becoming Prime Minister. In the 2025 general elections, under his leadership, PAP won 87 out of 97 parliamentary seats. This included 82 seats through voting and 5 uncontested. The PAP’s popular vote increased to 65.6 percent, showing strong public support.

Notes:
On May 5, 2025, Yemen’s Presidential Leadership Council (PLC) appointed Salem Saleh Bin Braik as the new Prime Minister. This follows the sudden resignation of Ahmed Awad bin Mubarak, who stepped down due to constitutional limits and lack of power to implement key reforms. The leadership change is significant as Yemen continues to struggle with civil war and economic crisis. Salem Bin Braik has served as Finance Minister since 2019 and previously held the post of Vice Finance Minister along with other administrative roles. He was appointed just hours after bin Mubarak resigned.

Notes:
The Quad countries recently conducted a Tabletop Exercise at the Asia-Pacific Centre for Security Studies in Honolulu, Hawaii to advance the launch of the Quad Indo-Pacific Logistics Network (IPLN). The Indo-Pacific Logistics Network (IPLN) aims to help Quad countries use shared logistics resources to quickly and efficiently respond to natural disasters in the Indo-Pacific region. This initiative shows the Quad’s strong commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific and the importance of working together to face regional challenges. The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) includes India, Japan, Australia, and the United States. It was first formed after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami to improve disaster relief efforts and was formalised in 2007 by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.

Notes:
The Indian Defence Minister recently said that Pakistan’s nuclear weapons should be monitored by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to ensure global nuclear safety. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is the main intergovernmental body for cooperation in nuclear science and technology. It works to ensure the safe, secure, and peaceful use of nuclear energy, following global non-proliferation rules. The IAEA Statute was approved on 23 October 1956 and became active on 29 July 1957. Its headquarters is in Vienna, Austria. With 178 member countries, the IAEA plays a key global role in nuclear governance.

Notes:
Israel launched a major military operation called Operation Gideon Chariots in the Gaza Strip. It was initiated by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) after ceasefire talks in Doha failed. The main goal is to secure the release of Israeli hostages still held by Hamas. A secondary aim is to weaken Hamas’s operational strength through intense military pressure. Northern Gaza, including the Jabaliya refugee camp, has seen heavy bombing under this operation. According to the Gaza Health Ministry, over 150 people were killed within 24 hours. More than 3,000 people have died since the escalation began in March 2025.