Current Affairs Quiz – October 2025

Notes:
Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav laid the foundation stone of Namo Van at Manesar, Haryana, during Wildlife Week 2025. Wildlife Week is observed annually from 2nd to 8th October to raise awareness about wildlife conservation and ecological balance. This year, the celebrations follow the theme Sewa Parv, promoting service and responsibility towards nature. The initiative aims to protect and preserve India’s biodiversity, including its flora and fauna.

Notes:
During Durga Puja immersions, heightened security was deployed along the India-Bangladesh border on the Ichamati River. The Ichamati River is a trans-boundary river flowing through India and Bangladesh. It also serves as part of the international boundary between the two countries. The river originates from Mahjdia village in Nadia district, West Bengal, as a bifurcation of the Mathabhanga River, which is a distributary of the Padma River. It flows through Nadia and North 24 Parganas districts in West Bengal, then enters Satkhira and Khulna districts in Bangladesh.

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Recently, Pulicat Lake fishermen demanded a long-term solution as siltation threatens their livelihoods. Pulicat Lake is a large coastal shallow, brackish water lagoon along the Bay of Bengal. It is India’s second largest brackish water lagoon after Chilika, spanning Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. The lagoon is separated from the Bay of Bengal by Sriharikota Island. It is fed by Aarani River in the south and Kalangi River from the northwest; Buckingham Canal passes through it. Pulicat Lake was designated a Ramsar site in 2002 for wetland conservation.

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Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) recently detected phosphine (PH3) in the atmosphere of brown dwarf Wolf 1130C. Phosphine is a chemical compound consisting of one phosphorus atom and three hydrogen atoms. On Earth, phosphine is naturally produced by bacteria in low-oxygen environments. These bacteria absorb phosphate from minerals or biological material and combine it with hydrogen to form phosphine. Phosphine is also present in the atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn. The compound is also known as hydrogen phosphide. Its detection in Wolf 1130C provides insights into chemical processes in brown dwarf atmospheres.

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India’s first cooperative multi-feed Compressed Biogas (CBG) plant was inaugurated at Kopargaon, Ahilyanagar district, Maharashtra. The project is developed with support from the National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC), a statutory body under the Ministry of Cooperation established in 1963 to support farmer cooperatives. The plant will produce 12 tons of CBG daily and 75 tons of potash from jaggery, molasses, and other by-products. Compressed Biogas (CBG) is a clean, renewable fuel similar to Compressed Natural Gas (CNG). Raw biogas is generated via anaerobic digestion of biomass and waste like agricultural residue, cattle dung, and food waste.

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Recently, the President of India presented the MY Bharat–National Service Scheme (NSS) Awards for 2022–23 at Rashtrapati Bhavan. The award was instituted in 1993–94 by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. The main objective is to honour youth for their exceptional work in social service, community development, and nation-building. The awards recognise and reward outstanding voluntary community service. They are given every year to NSS Volunteers, NSS Units, and Programme Officers for their exemplary contribution to society. The initiative highlights youth participation in building a responsible and service-oriented nation.

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The Indian Navy commissioned INS Androth, the second Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC), on 6th October 2025 at Naval Dockyard, Visakhapatnam. It was built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata. INS Androth has over 80% indigenous content, symbolising ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’. The vessel is 77 metres long, displaces about 1500 tonnes, and is designed for anti-submarine operations in coastal and shallow waters. It is equipped with advanced weapons, sensors, and communication systems to detect, track, and neutralise underwater threats.

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The Uttar Pradesh government launched the ‘Raah-Veer’ reward programme under the Good Samaritan initiative. It recognises citizens who help road accident victims reach hospital within the crucial “Golden Hour”. Each recognised Raah-Veer receives a certificate and Rs 25,000 cash prize. The scheme targets major accidents causing severe injury, brain/spinal injury, or death. The initiative was issued by Transport Commissioner Kinjal Singh and aims to reduce road accident deaths in Uttar Pradesh. As per National Crime Records Bureau 2023, UP reported 22,532 deaths in 23,771 accidents, 14% of India’s total.

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Recently, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), with the Integrated Defence Staff and Tri-Services, released Indian Radio Software Architecture (IRSA) Standard 1.0. It is India’s first national specification for Software Defined Radios (SDR). IRSA 1.0 standardizes how different radio systems communicate securely and efficiently. Its vision is to make IRSA a global benchmark and promote export of IRSA-compliant SDR solutions to friendly nations. It defines interfaces, Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), execution environments, waveform portability, and SDR interoperability. It was developed under the Standardization of Indigenous SDR initiative by the Directorate of Standardization (DoS), Department of Defence Production (DDP), Ministry of Defence (MoD).

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Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) arrested eight accused and identified 45 suspects under Operation HAECHI-VI, an Interpol-led exercise against transnational cyber-enabled financial crimes. The operation targeted seven offences: cyber-enabled financial crime, voice phishing, love and romance scams, online sextortion, investment fraud, money laundering linked to illegal online gambling, business email compromise, and e-commerce fraud. CBI coordinated with Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), U.S. Department of Justice, and German authorities. $66,340 cash was seized and 30 bank accounts blocked.