Current Affairs Quiz – October 2025

Notes:
Arunachal Pradesh Deputy Chief Minister announced development of a nature trail and angling spot in Kamlang Tiger Reserve to promote tourism and empower local communities. Kamlang Tiger Reserve is located in the southeastern part of Lohit District, Arunachal Pradesh. It is part of the Eastern Himalayan Biodiversity Hot Spot. The reserve is named after the Kamlang River, which flows into the Brahmaputra River. It is bordered by Namdapha National Park in the south, Lang River in the north, Lati River in the west, and Tawe River in the east.

Notes:
The forest department’s relocation drive at Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary (BWS) in Khanapur taluk has faced hurdles as Amagaon villagers set conditions before moving. Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Belgaum district of Karnataka. It is named after Bhimgad Fort, built by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in the 17th century to guard against Portuguese expansion from Goa. The forest mainly has tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf vegetation.

Notes:
Recently, archaeologists discovered a 4,000-year-old temple on Failaka Island in Kuwait, linked to the ancient Dilmun Civilization. The Dilmun Civilization, also known as Telmun, flourished in the eastern Arabian Peninsula. Its main centers were the islands of Bahrain and Failaka Island in Kuwait. It also extended to regions of Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, and the Iranian coast along the Persian Gulf. Dilmun was a powerful Bronze Age trading hub connecting Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. Though ancient and influential, it is less known than major early civilizations like Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley, and Yellow River.

Notes:
Recently, the Central Government appointed Justice Ranjana Prakash Desai as the Chairperson of the 8th Central Pay Commission (CPC). Justice Desai earlier headed the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) Committees in both Uttarakhand and Gujarat, playing a key role in drafting their UCC reports. She began her career as Government Pleader (Appellate Side) in the Bombay High Court in 1995 and became a Judge of the Bombay High Court in 1996. She was elevated to the Supreme Court of India in 2011 and retired in 2014. After retirement, she chaired the Appellate Tribunal for Electricity (2014) and the Advance Ruling Authority (2018). She also headed the Delimitation Commission for Jammu and Kashmir, which increased constituencies from 83 to 90

Notes:
Recently, scientists in Brazil launched the AmazonFACE (Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment) project near Manaus. The project aims to study how the Amazon rainforest will respond to future atmospheric CO₂ levels. It seeks to simulate future atmospheric conditions and observe forest adaptation to rising CO₂, temperature, and humidity. The main focus is to understand the forest’s carbon uptake capacity, photosynthesis rate, and resilience to climate change. The system enables continuous monitoring every 10 minutes to measure CO₂ absorption and ecosystem responses in real time.

Notes:
Lahore, Pakistan, was ranked the world’s most polluted city with an Air Quality Index (AQI) of 312, reaching hazardous levels, according to Swiss tech firm IQAir. The PM2.5 concentration was 190.5 micrograms per cubic meter, which is 25 times higher than World Health Organisation (WHO) safety limits. Lahore surpassed Delhi (AQI 220) and Kolkata (AQI 170) in global pollution charts. Smog caused by vehicular emissions, industrial pollution, and crop residue burning has worsened between October and February.

Notes:
The Government of India (GoI), in partnership with the International Solar Alliance (ISA), hosted the 8th Session of the ISA Assembly from October 27–30, 2025, at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi. The assembly was inaugurated by President Droupadi Murmu, who emphasized inclusive and sustainable growth. The theme for 2025 is “One Sun, One World, One Grid (OSOWOG).” The assembly also unveiled five ISA knowledge reports showing the latest solar trends.

Notes:
Justice Surya Kant has been appointed as the 53rd Chief Justice of India (CJI) and will assume office on November 24, 2025, succeeding Chief Justice B.R. Gavai. The Chief Justice of India and other Supreme Court judges are appointed by the President of India under Article 124(2) of the Constitution. The senior-most judge of the Supreme Court, considered fit for the position, is usually appointed as the CJI. The Union Law Minister first seeks the recommendation of the outgoing CJI, which is then sent to the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister advises the President, who makes the final appointment.

Notes:
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched the LVM3-M5 rocket from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota at 5:35 pm. The rocket carried CMS-03, India’s heaviest communication satellite weighing 4,400 kilograms. It was the fifth operational flight of the Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3) launcher. CMS-03 was launched into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO). The satellite will provide multi-band communication services across India and nearby ocean regions. It will enhance secure data, voice, and video connectivity for civilian and strategic applications. The mission highlights India’s capability in heavy satellite launches and strengthens its communication network.

Notes:
The Chavang Kut Festival, a post-harvest celebration of the Chin-Kuki-Mizo communities, is observed every year on November 1 across Manipur. The festival marks the end of the harvesting season and expresses thanksgiving to the almighty for a good harvest. Chavang Kut was declared a State Holiday in 1982 due to its cultural significance. The festival symbolizes gratitude, unity, and harmony between humans and nature.