Indian Polity & Constitution MCQs

Notes:
The first general elections to elect members of Lok Sabha were held between October 25, 1951 and March 27, 1952. The result was election of India’s first Lok Sabha. The election was won by Indian National Congress and consequently, Jawaharlal Nehru became India’s first democratically elected Prime Minister.

Notes:
The 42nd amendment Act 1976 added a new part in the constitution part IVA. It incorporated fundamental duties by inserting a new article 51A below article 51.  The objective of incorporating the fundamental duties is to place before the country a code of conduct, which the citizens are expected to follow.

Notes:
The writ of prohibition means that the Supreme Court and High Courts may prohibit the lower courts such as special tribunals, magistrates, commissions, and other judiciary officers who are doing something which exceeds to their jurisdiction or acting contrary to the rule of natural justice. For example if a judicial officer has personal interest in a case, it may hamper the decision and the course of natural justice.

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According to the Article 85 of Indian constitution, the maximum permissible time gap between two sessions of the parliament can be 6 months.

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Both Supreme Court and High Court have been conferred the power of exercise of judicial review by the Indian Constitution. Moreover, Supreme Court has stated that the power of judicial review falls under the ‘basic structure of the Constitution’.

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The constituent assembly took 2 years , 11 months and 18 days to frame the constitution

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Contingency fund of India has been placed at the disposal of President of India. On the other hand, contingency funds of State Governments are at disposal of Governor.

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The establishment of LokPal in India was recommended by the Administrative Reforms Commission (1966) on the lines of Ombudsman in Finland, Denmark and Norway.

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Maharashtra was the first state in India to establish the Lokayukta institution in 1971:  When The Lokayukta and Upa-Lokayuktas Act was enacted in 1971, and the institution came into effect on October 25, 1972.  Why The act was established in response to recommendations from the Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC), which was set up in 1966 to review India’s public administration system.  What The Lokayukta is a state-level anti-corruption agency that addresses public grievances about corruption, nepotism, and other maladministration. The Lokayukta is independent of the state’s political and public administration.

Notes:
The judiciary of Puducherry falls under the jurisdiction of the Madras High Court. Puducherry, also known as Pondicherry, is a Union Territory of India situated on the south-eastern coast and it does not have its own High Court. The laws are enforced by the Madras High Court, which also handles any litigation or legal matter arising from this region.