Indian Polity & Constitution MCQs

Notes:
At the Faizpur Session of the Congress in December 1936, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, in his Presidential Address, referred to the Government of India Act 1935 as “The new Charter of Bondage” which was being imposed upon them despite complete rejection. He said that the Congress was going to the Legislatures to combat the Act and seek to end it.

Notes:
The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) is formed every year with a strength of not more than 22 members of which 15 are from Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament, and 7 from Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament. The term of office of the members is one year.

Notes:
Article 64 of Indian Constitution states that the Vice-President shall be ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States and shall not hold any other office of profit. He is elected by an electoral college consisting of the members of both Houses of. Hi functions and powers are the same as those of the Speaker. He is, however, not a member of the House.

Notes:
Article 360 empowers the president to proclaim a Financial Emergency if he is satisfied that a situation has arisen due to which the financial stability or credit of India or any part of its territory is threatened. Once approved by both the Houses of Parliament, the Financial Emergency continues indefinitely till it is revoked. This implies two things : there is no maximum period prescribed for its operation; and repeated parliamentary approval is not required for its continuation

Notes:
According to The President (Discharge of Functions) Act, 1969, in the event of the occurrence of vacancies in the offices of both the President and the Vice-President, by reason in each case of death, resignation or removal, or otherwise, the Chief Justice of India or, in his absence, the seniormost Judge of the Supreme Court of India available shall discharge the functions of the President until a new President is elected.

Notes:
The 10th Schedule to the Indian Constitution, that is popularly referred to as the ‘Anti-Defection Law’ was inserted by the 1985 Amendment to the Constitution. It lays down the process by which legislators may be disqualified on grounds of defection by the Presiding Officer of a legislature based on a petition by any other member of the House.

Notes:
Article 105 deals with the ‘Parliamentary Privileges’ enjoyed by the Parliament as a whole and Members of Parliament (MPs) in their individual capacity. This is an enabling provision which enables the MPs to discharge their legislative duties effectively and without hinderance.

Notes:
The Election Commission of India has launched Cvigil mobile application for citizens to report any violation of the Model Code of Conduct (MCC) during elections known as ‘cVIGIL’, which stands for “citizens’ vigil”, was tested on a pilot basis during the polls in Karnataka’s Bengaluru.

Notes:
The Constitution originally provided for the right to property under Articles 19 and 31. The Forty- Fourth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights. So it is now a legal right, not a fundamental right.

Notes:
On 5 August 2019, the Government of India revoked the special status, or limited autonomy, granted under Article 370 and Article 35(A) of the Indian Constitution to Jammu and Kashmir. Some provisions of the Article 370 have been diluted over time. In contrast, the Article 35A till now had remained unchanged. The Article 370 — which comes under Part XXI of the Constitution, which deals with “Temporary, Transitional and Special provisions” — grants J&K a special autonomous status. Constitutional provisions that are applicable to other Indian states are not applicable to J&K. Article 35A allows the state legislature to define the Jammu and Kashmir’s permanent residents. The article had been inserted via the Constitution (Application to J&K) Order, 1954. It was issued by the then President Rajendra Prasad under Article 370 on PM Nehru’s advice.