Indian Polity & Constitution MCQs

Notes:
The Constituent Assembly elected for an undivided India met for the first time on 9 December 1946, reassembling on 14 August 1947 as a sovereign body and successor to the British parliament’s authority in India. it was formed under the Cabinet Mission Plan on 16 May 1946.

Notes:
Part VIII of the Constitution is concerned with the administration of the Union Territories. The Union Territories are administered by the President through an administrator. Power to decide the structure of administration in the Union Territories is vested in Parliament.

Notes:
Members of the Lok Sabha hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the President on the advice of the council of ministers. They are elected by adult universal suffrage and a firstpast- the-post system to represent their respective constituencies.

Notes:
Lok Sabha is also known as the “House of the People” or the lower house. All of its members are directly elected by citizens of India on the basis of Universal Adult franchise, except two who are appointed by the President of India. Every citizen of India who is over 18 years of age, irrespective of gender, caste, religion or race, who is otherwise not disqualified, is eligible to vote for the lok sabha.

Notes:
The Vote on Account is the special provision given to the government to obtain the vote of Parliament to withdraw money when the budget for the new financial year is not released or the elections are underway, and the caretaker government is in place. Normally, it stays valid for two months but however, it can be extended if the year is an election year and it is anticipated that the main demand and the appropriation bill will take longer to be passed by the house.

Notes:
The Indian general election of 1951–52 elected the first Lok Sabha since India became independent in August 1947. The First Lok Sabha was constituted on 17 April, 1952. It lasted its full tenure of five years and was dissolved on 4 April, 1957.

Notes:
As per Article 151 of Indian constitution, the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India relating to the accounts of the Union shall be submitted to the President, who shall cause them to be laid before each House of Parliament. The same article adds that the reports relating to the accounts of a State shall be submitted to the Governor of the State.

Notes:
Plural voting is the practice whereby one person might be able to vote multiple times in an election. This was a common aspect of the franchise for elections held in the 1800s where the right to vote was linked to the ownership of property; an elector could vote in as many districts as the elector owned property. This was the prevalent system in Britain before 1948 when certain electors could vote in more than one constituency.

Notes:
Martial law refers to a system of rules that takes effect when a military authority takes control of the normal administration of justice. Martial law is generally imposed when normal institutions of justice either cannot function or could be deemed too slow or too weak in an extreme situation; e.g., due to war or civil disorder, or after coup d’ etat. The need to preserve the public order during an emergency is the essential goal of martial law.

Notes:
Though the Panchayati Raj system in India envisages a simple three-tier (Zilla Parishad, Panchayat Samiti and Gram Panchayat) structure of governance, there are several regional variations in this system. Generally, the structure is as follows: Zilla Panchayat; Block Panchayat or Panchayat Samiti; Gram Panchayat; Gram Sabha.Under the Constitution there can be only three tiers of the Panchayat. The Gram Sabha is not a tier of the PR system; it operates as a recommending body only.