Indian Polity & Constitution MCQs

Notes:
Article 352 has provisions for emergency due to war, external aggression or armed rebellion. This is also known as ‘National Emergency’. However, the Constitution uses the term ‘proclamation of emergency’ to denote an emergency of this type.

Notes:
When the President’s Rule is imposed in a state, the President dismisses the state council of ministers headed by the
chief minister. The President has the choice of either to suspend or to dissolve the state legislative assembly. The Parliament becomes empowered to pass the state legislative bills and also the state budget.

Notes:
The term judicial activism was first used in USA in 1947 by Arthur Schlesinger Jr. who was an American historian and educator. It was later on introduced in India in the mid-1970s.

Notes:
Following are the reasons for the system of appointment of Governor by the President-
1. The direct election of the governor is incompatible with the parliamentary system in the states.
2. Direct election is more likely to create conflicts between the governor and the chief minister.
3. There is no need to make elaborate arrangements for this election as he/she is just a nominal head.
4. Since the election of a governor is on personal issues, it is not in the national interest to involve a large number of voters in such an election.
5. An elected governor would not be a neutral person as he/she would naturally belong to a party.
6. The election of governor would create separatist tendencies.
7. The system of presidential nomination enables the Centre to maintain its control over the states.
8. Direct election of the governor creates a problem of leadership at the time of a general election in the state.
9. The chief minister would like his nominee to contest for governorship which is not desirable.

Notes:
The normal term of state legislative assembly is five years from the date of its first meeting after the general elections. However, the governor of the state is authorised to dissolve the assembly at any time even before the completion of five years to pave the way for fresh elections.

Notes:
A judge of High Court holds office until he attains the age of 62 years. Any questions regarding the age of a judge of High Court is to be decided by the president of India after consultation with the chief justice of India and the decision of the president is final.

Notes:
The appointment, posting and promotion of judges of a district court in a state are made by the governor of the concerned  state in consultation with the high court of the state.

Notes:
Under the 74th Amendment Act of 1992 and Part IX-A to the Constitution of India, following three types of municipalities are to be constituted in every state-
a. A nagar panchayat for a transitional area 
b. A municipal council for a smaller urban area
c. A municipal corporation for a larger urban area

Notes:
Each autonomous district in the tribal areas has a district council consisting of 30 members. Out of 30 four are nominated by the governor and the remaining 26 are elected on the basis of adult franchise.

Notes:
According to Article 310 of the Constitution of India the members of the defence services, the civil services of the Centre and the all-India services or persons holding military posts or civil posts under the Centre, hold office during the pleasure of the president of India.