1. Presence of which among the following salts in water causes “Blue Baby Syndrome”?
[A] Sulphates
[B] Chlorides
[C] Carbonates
[D] Nitrates
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Nitrates]
Notes:
Nitrates in drinking water can cause “blue baby syndrome”, which is a condition where infants have a reduced ability to carry oxygen in the blood (methemoglobinemia). The nitrates interfere with the oxygen carrying capacity of hemoglobin. This causes the skin to appear blue or purple. Nitrates in drinking water, often from agricultural runoff, are the cause of “blue baby syndrome”.
2. The acidic medium of gastric juice along with an enzyme Pepsin breaks the proteins down into smaller parts known as _____?
[A] Peptides
[B] Peptones
[C] Peptose
[D] Amino Acids
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Peptones]
Notes:
The acidic medium of gastric juice and the enzyme pepsin break down proteins into smaller parts known as peptones. Pepsin is the main enzyme involved in protein digestion. It breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids that can be easily absorbed in the small intestine.
The gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, which helps maintain the pH in the range of 1.5 to 2.5. This pH range is very acidic and is necessary for optimum activity of pepsin. The hydrochloric acid converts inactive enzymes (zymogens) into active enzymes.
The gastric glands in the stomach secrete the enzyme pepsin. When pepsinogen is released into the stomach and mixed with gastric juice, it is converted into pepsin.
3. What would be the percentage of Glucose in the Urine of a healthy person?
[A] less than 1%
[B] More than 1%
[C] More than 0.1%
[D] 0%
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [0%]
Notes:
The percentage of Glucose in the Urine of a healthy person is zero. A higher measurement could be a sign of a health problem. Diabetes is the most common cause of elevated glucose levels in humans.
4. Apart from sugarcane (most commonly Saccharum officinarum) which among the following plants is widely known in the world as a commercial source of table sugar ?
[A] Toona cilata
[B] Gloriosa superba
[C] Asparagus pulmosus
[D] Beta vulgaris
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Beta vulgaris]
Notes:
Beta vulgaris is beet or sugarbeet or Chukandar and has been widely used as a commercial crop for table sugar. Glorisoa superba is Glory Lily which is an ornamental plant. Asparagus pulmosus is also an ornamental plant. Brassica alba is common mustard. Toona cilata is a timber plant from which Indian Redwood is obtained.
5. Turmeric belongs to from which one of the following family of plants?
[A] Radish
[B] Ginger
[C] Onion
[D] Clove
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ginger]
Notes:
Turmeric is a product of Curcuma longa, a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the ginger family Zingiberaceae. They are native to tropical South Asia. There are 133 species of Curcuma all around the world.
6. Which of the following is the hybrid between a horse and a donkey?
[A] Mule
[B] Hule
[C] Tigon
[D] Zorse
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mule]
Notes:
A mule is the offspring of a male donkey (a jack) and a female horse (a mare). A horse has 64 chromosomes, and a donkey has 62. The mule ends up with 63. Mules can be either male or female, but, because of the odd number of chromosomes, they can’t reproduce
7. Who among the following analysed the DNA for the first time ?
[A] Watson and Krick
[B] Karl von Frisch
[C] M. W. Nirenberg
[D] Hargobind Khurana
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Watson and Krick]
Notes:
The discovery in 1953 of the double helix, the twisted-ladder structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), by James Watson and Francis Crick marked a milestone in the history of science and gave rise to modern molecular biology, which is largely concerned with understanding how genes control the chemical processes.
8. Which organ is associated with the production of insulin in the human body?
[A] Pancreas
[B] Liver
[C] Kidney
[D] Heart
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Pancreas]
Notes:
Insulin is a hormone made by an organ located behind the stomach called the pancreas. It allows body to use sugar from carbohydrates in the food. Insulin helps keep blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia).
9. Which of the following functions is not performed by Vitamins in the body?
[A] They act as a source of energy
[B] The act as stimulant in the growth of the body
[C] They act as agent in regulating the chemical processes in the body metabolism
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [They act as a source of energy]
Notes:
Vitamins are considered essential nutrients because they perform hundreds of roles in the body. They help shore up bones, heal wounds, and bolster your immune system. They also convert food into energy, and repair cellular damage. They do not act as a source of energy.
10. Through which of the following mechanisms genes control the activity of living organisms?
[A] Photosynthesis
[B] Protein synthesis
[C] Vitamins
[D] Hormones
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Protein synthesis]
Notes:
The genes control the characteristic by making a specific protein. Genes are the segment of DNA that contains information to form RNA which ultimately forms protein. Each gene contains two alleles and this instructs the cell to make protein for expression of traits.
If the plant has gene for green seeds then it will make protein which will give green colour to seeds.
