Biology MCQs

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Diabetes insipidus (DI) is caused by a deficiency of arginine vasopressin (AVP), also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Antidiuretic hormone is secreted by Pituitary Gland which is also called Hypophysis.

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Nitrite reductase refers to any of several classes of enzymes that catalyze the reduction of nitrite. They are enzymes that catalyze reduction of nitrate to nitrite using a molybdenum cofactor.

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Genes controls the protein synthesis and heredity. It is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity and are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins.

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Bacteriophage a virus that parasitizes a bacterium by infecting it and reproducing inside it. Bacteriophages are commonly used in genetic research. They are composed of proteins that encapsulate a DNA or RNA genome, and may have structures that are either simple or elaborate.

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As per the WHO definition, within 42 days of the termination of pregnancy, the death of a woman is counted in the Maternal Mortality, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy.

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The monocarpic plants produce flowers only once in lifetime. Monocarpic plants are those that flower, set seeds and then die.

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Seals, Walruses and Sea lions are Mammals belonging to a single taxonomic group ( a clade) called Pinnipedia, which means fin footed. All of them are semi-aquatic marine mammals. They belong to the order Carnivora and their closest living relatives are bears. They are characterized by modification of limbs to flippers. Pinnipeds are mammals with four flippers — one pair in front and one at the back. They are warm-blooded, nurse their young, breathe air and have hair. The sea lion has small, tiny external ear flaps. Seals have no flaps. The front flippers of sea lions are long, have no hair and nails. Seals’ front flippers are short, blunt, covered with hair with nails on the ends. Sea lions can turn their hind flippers forward to move on land but seals cannot do so.

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Peepal tree has the capability to absorb CO² at night due to Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM). It’s a photosynthesis pathway primarily found in desert plants and epiphytes (those that live on larger trees). During the day, CAM plants break down the malate created at night and use the released CO² to create sugars, similar to C3 plants. But, CAM, being energy inefficient, is used only under certain conditions. It seems that peepal trees use CAM when they are epiphytic and switch to C3 photosynthesis when they settle in the soil.

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In taxonomy, Homo sapiens is the only extant human species. The name is Latin for “wise man” and was introduced in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus. Humans are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.

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Measles is a very infectious and potentially serious illness that is caused by a type of virus called paramyxovirus. It is spread from person to person by coughing, sneezing or sometimes kissing. Symptoms will usually begin to show 10 to 14 days after infection with the measles virus. A person with measles is infectious for 2-4 days before the rash appears (when there may be symptoms of fever and tiredness), and for up to 4 days after the rash has appeared.