1. Which among the following Vitamins helps in clotting of Blood?
[A] Vitamin C
[B] Vitamin D
[C] Vitamin E
[D] Vitamin K
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Vitamin K]
Notes:
Vitamin K is naturally produced by the bacteria in the intestines, and plays an essential role in normal blood clotting, promoting bone health, and helping to produce proteins for blood, bones, and kidneys.
2. Poliomyelitis known as Polio is caused by an enterovirus which causes paralysis of muscles. This virus has a particular affinity to ______?
[A] Muscle Cells
[B] Nerve Cells of Spinal Cord
[C] Nerve Cells of Brain
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Nerve Cells of Spinal Cord]
Notes:
Acute poliomyelitis is disease of anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. The virus infects and kills motor neurons in the grey matter in the ventral horn of the spinal column. Due to this, muscles of the trunk and limbs are no longer able to receive signals from the CNS, so they become weak and begin to atrophy.
3. Which among the following is / are correct regarding a mature sperm and ovum?
[A] They both are of approximately same size
[B] They both have equal number of Chromosomes
[C] They both contain flagella
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [They both have equal number of Chromosomes]
Notes:
The number of chromosomes is reduced from 46 (23 pairs) to 23 during the process of meiosis. In a human egg or sperm, there are 23 chromosomes, one of which is an X or Y. A human egg is haploid (has 23 chromosomes) and a sperm is haploid (has 23 chromosomes).
4. Consider the following statements:
- Color blindness is more common in men.
- Color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait.
- If both the X chromosomes are defective, a woman may have color blindness.
Which of the above statements are correct?
[A] Only 1
[B] 1, 2 and 3
[C] 2 and 3
[D] Only 1 and 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [1, 2 and 3]
Notes:
Color blindness is more prevalent in men as it is an X-linked recessive disorder. Men, having only one X chromosome, are more susceptible if it is defective. Women, with two X chromosomes, become color blind only if both carry the defective gene. All three statements accurately describe the inheritance and prevalence of color blindness.
5. Which among the following blood vessels has the smallest diameter?
[A] Arterioles
[B] Capillaries
[C] Venules
[D] Lymphatic
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Capillaries]
Notes:
Blood is carried through the body by Blood Vessels. With the help of perfusion process capillaries supplies blood to the tissues. The diameter of capillary ranges from 5-10 micrometers. The diameter of arteriole is approximately 30 micrometer.
6. What is study of fungus Known as?
[A] Phrenology
[B] Physiology
[C] Biology
[D] Mycology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Mycology]
Notes:
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans as a source for tinder, medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection.
7. BCG vaccination is to be given to a new born child after what time? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] Immediately after birth
[B] Within 48 hours
[C] Within seven days
[D] Within six months
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Immediately after birth]
Notes:
Bacillus Calmette Guérin or BCG is usually given around birth to prevent severe TB in infants. The neonatal immune system is immature. Delaying BCG vaccination from birth to 10 weeks of age would enhance the vaccine-induced immune response. The BCG vaccine is an injection given to children who have a higher risk of catching TB. The BCG vaccine helps your child’s immune system fight the germs that cause TB and helps stop them from getting serious TB disease.
8. The sequencing of the entire genome (the totality of all genes) of an organism was completed in 1996. Which one of the following was that organism? (UPSC Prelims 1997)
[A] Albino mouse
[B] yeast
[C] human being
[D] Plasmodium vivax
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Plasmodium vivax]
Notes:
Plasmodium vivax is a protozoal parasite and a human pathogen. This parasite is the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria.
9. Deficiency in which among the following leads to beriberi disease?
[A] Vitamin B1
[B] Vitamin B2
[C] Vitamin B3
[D] Vitamin B6
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Vitamin B1]
Notes:
Vitamin B1/Thiamine deficiency leads to a disease called beriberi. Over polishing of rice also leads to beriberi.
10. Who is the father of Modern Botany?
[A] Carl Linnaeus
[B] Theophrastus
[C] Robert Hooke
[D] Krateuas
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Carl Linnaeus]
Notes:
Carl Linnaeus is known as the father of modern botany. Linnaeus first formulated the principles, known as binomial nomenclature, to create a uniform system for defining and naming natural species and species of organisms.
