1. Which ancient Indian physician is known as the ‘Father of Surgery’?
[A] Charaka
[B] Sushruta
[C] Nagarjuna
[D] Vagbhatta
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Sushruta]
Notes:
Sushruta practiced during the 5th century B.C. many of his contributions to medicine and surgery preceded similar discoveries in the Western world. He is known as the ‘Father of Surgery’.
2. Ornithophily refers to the pollination through which among the following?
[A] Wind
[B] Insects
[C] Birds
[D] Water
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Correct Answer: C [Birds]
Notes:
Ornithophily refers to the pollination through birds. Birds which are involved in ornithophily are specialist nectarivores with brushy tongues and long bills, that are either capable of hovering flight or light enough to perch on the flower structures.
3. Late Hargobind Khorana had received Nobel Prize in physiology in 1968, for work on which among the following?
[A] Mechanisms of the action of hormones
[B] Chemical Structure of antibodies
[C] Interpretation of the genetic code
[D] Structural and functional organization of the cell
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Interpretation of the genetic code]
Notes:
Late Hargobind Khorana had received Nobel Prize in physiology in 1968, for work on interpretation of the genetic code. Har Gobind Khorana was an Indian American biochemist.
4. Which one of the following is a useful functional association between fungi and the roots of higher plants?
[A] Mycorrhyza
[B] Lichen
[C] Root Nodules
[D] Cluster roots
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Mycorrhyza]
Notes:
A Mycorrhyza is a composite organism consisting of a fungus (the mycobiont) and a photosynthetic partner (the photobiont or phycobiont) growing together in a symbiotic relationship.
5. Which of the following is most inclusive category of classification among others?
[A] Order
[B] Class
[C] Phylum
[D] Family
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Phylum ]
Notes:
The higher the classification category, the more inclusive it is. Here phylum is highest so is most inclusive.
6. Which process develops new species from the existing species?
[A] Homologous
[B] Analogous
[C] Speciation
[D] Genetic variation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Speciation]
Notes:
Speciation is the formation of new species. Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species. The biologist Orator F. Cook coined the term in 1906 for cladogenesis, the splitting of lineages, as opposed to anagenesis, phyletic evolution within lineages.
7. Who proposed five kingdom classification?
[A] Ernst Mayr
[B] M.W.Beijerinck
[C] R.H. Whittaker
[D] D.I Ivanovsky
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [R.H. Whittaker]
Notes:
The five kingdom classification was proposed by R.H. Whittaker in 1969. The five kingdoms were formed on the basis of characteristics. It includes Kingdom Monera, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Plantae, and Kingdom Animalia.
8. Which of the following is caused by massive deforestation? (UPSC Prelims 1986)
[A] Soil erosion
[B] Famine
[C] Floods
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Soil erosion]
Notes:
Deforestation causes soil erosion. Tree roots anchor the soil. Without trees, the soil is free to wash or blow away, which can lead to vegetation growth problems.
9. Which of the following was discovered by Alexander Fleming?
[A] DNA
[B] Vaccination
[C] penicillin
[D] blood circulation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [penicillin]
Notes:
Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, whose use as an antibiotic has saved millions of lives.
10. Who among the following has given four kingdom classifications?
[A] Ernest Haeckel
[B] Copeland
[C] RH Whittaker
[D] Carolus Linnaeus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Copeland]
Notes:
Copeland introduced the Four kingdom of classifications(Monera, Protista, Plantae and Animalia).
