1. In which of the following plants, you can find Leghemoglobin?
[A] Wheat
[B] Soyabean
[C] Potato
[D] Brinjal
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Soyabean]
Notes:
Legume nodules possess special protein called LEGHEMOGLOBIN. The synthesis of leghemoglobin is the result of symbiosis because neither bacteria alone nor legume plant alone possess the protein
2. Which among the following is essential for both activation and action of thrombin ?
[A] Na+
[B] Cl-
[C] Ca2+
[D] Mg2+
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Ca2+]
Notes:
Thrombin is a naturally occurring enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which is an integral step in clot formation. Ca2+ is essential for both activation and action of thrombin.
3. From which part of the Glycyrrhiza glabra plant, also known as Liquorice or Mulethi, is the extract derived?
[A] Leaves
[B] Roots
[C] Fruits
[D] Stem
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Roots]
Notes:
Liquorice root, or Mulethi, is a potent expectorant that has been utilized in Ayurvedic medicine since ancient times. The powdered root is used in “Jastimadhu” tooth powder. Many cough syrups incorporate Liquorice as one of their components. It is also used to treat mouth and peptic ulcers, attesting to its versatile medicinal properties. Liquorice root is well-regarded for its numerous health benefits apart from its sweet flavour.
4. Brachytherapy is commonly used as an effective treatment for cervical, prostate, breast, and skin cancer in many parts of the world. Why Brachytherapy is an offshoot of which among the following forms of Cancer Treatment?
[A] Radiotherapy
[B] Chemotherapy
[C] Surgery
[D] None of them,
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Radiotherapy]
Notes:
Brachytherapy is commonly used as an effective treatment for cervical, prostate, breast, and skin cancer in many parts of the world. Brachytherapy is an offshoot of Radiotherapy.
5. Which of the following artificial sweeteners is not broken down by the body and therefore it is non-caloric (no-calorie sweetener)?
[A] Aspartame
[B] Saccharin
[C] Sucralose
[D] Cyclamate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Sucralose]
Notes:
Sucralose is an artificial sweetener. The majority of ingested sucralose is not broken down by the body and therefore it is non-caloric. Sucralose is approximately 600 times as sweet as sucrose (table sugar), twice as sweet as saccharin, and 3 times as sweet as aspartame. It is stable under heat and over a broad range of pH conditions. Therefore, it can be used in baking or in products that require a longer shelf life. The commercial success of sucralose-based products stems from its favorable comparison to other low-calorie sweeteners in terms of taste, stability, and safety. It is used because it is a no-calorie sweetener, and does not promote dental cavities, is safe for consumption by diabetics, and does not affect insulin levels.
6. The Trans-fats cause problems in human body because__:
[A] The fat molecules contain high energy that cause oxidation of the tissues
[B] The structure of the fat molecules is such that more molecules can fit in lesser space
[C] The fat molecules contain lesser energy and can not be used so easily
[D] None of the above reasons
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ The structure of the fat molecules is such that more molecules can fit in lesser space]
Notes:
Trans unsaturated fats are particularly risky because the double bond stereochemistry allows the fat molecules to assume a linear conformation, which leads to efficient packing (i.e., plaque formation).
7. Which process enables the Peepal tree to release oxygen at night?
[A] Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
[B] C3 Photosynthesis
[C] C4 Photosynthesis
[D] Carbon cycle re-balancing
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Crassulacean Acid Metabolism]
Notes:
The Peepal tree uses Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis, allowing CO₂ uptake at night and oxygen release, a trait seen in some succulents and epiphytes to minimize water loss. CAM enables the Peepal to continue gas exchange during the night, unlike typical C3 or C4 plants.
8. Which of the following diseases is caused by consumption of a wheat bread contaminated with a fungus called Claviceps purpurea?
[A] Lathyrism
[B] Ergotism
[C] Cinchonism
[D] Mushroom Poisoning
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Ergotism]
Notes:
Cleviceps purpurea is an important ascomycete that grows on the grains of rye grass cereals. It produces the drug ergot, which is both a severe poison and a useful medicinal drug. It affects the central nervous system as well as causes the contraction of involuntary muscle. Ergotism, caused by eating infected rye bread, was common in the Middle Ages, when it was known as “St. Anthony’s Fire.
9. Which plants grow under water stress conditions of deserts?
[A] Epiphytes
[B] Xerophytes
[C] Sciophytes
[D] Heliophytes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Xerophytes]
Notes:
A Xerophyte is a species of plant that has adapted to survive in an environment with little liquid water, such as a desert or an ice- or snow-covered region in the Alps or the Arctic.
10. In which of the following plants, gametophyte is considered prothallus?
[A] Bryophyte
[B] Thallophyta
[C] Spermatophyte
[D] Pteridophyta
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Pteridophyta]
Notes:
Gametophyte is considered prothallus in Pteridophytes. Just as with seed plants and mosses, the life cycle of pteridophytes involves alternation of generations. This means that a diploid generation of the sporophyte, which produces spores is followed by a haploid generation i.e. the gametophyte or prothallus, which produces gametes.
