1. In genetics, the Reverse transcriptase helps in which among the following transcriptions?
[A] Single stranded DNA into double stranded DNA
[B] Single stranded RNA into double stranded DNA
[C] Single Stranded RNA into double stranded RNA
[D] Double Stranded DNA into single stranded RNA
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Single stranded RNA into double stranded DNA]
Notes:
Reverse transcriptase helps in Single Stranded RNA into double stranded RNA transcriptions. Reverse transcriptase (RT), also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. It is used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template.
2. Which among the following is the correct location of Adrenal Glands in Human Body?
[A] Above kidneys
[B] Below kidneys
[C] Above Medulla Oblongata
[D] Near Pancreases
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Above kidneys]
Notes:
Each adrenal gland is located on the top of each kidney (forming a hat-like structure on the top of the kidneys). Each adrenal gland has two parts viz. outer cortical portion and inner adrenal cortex. Further, there is a central part called adrenal medulla.
3. Which among the following is correct statement about solubility of “Lipids”?
[A] They dissolve in water but are insoluble in organic solvents
[B] They do not dissolve in water but are soluble in organic solvents
[C] They dissolve in both water and organic solvents
[D] They do not dissolve in either water or organic solvents
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [They do not dissolve in water but are soluble in organic solvents]
Notes:
Lipids are categorised within a group of naturally occurring molecules, including fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins and others. They are hydrophobic or non-polar, which explains why they’re not soluble in water, a polar substance, but are soluble in organic, non-polar solvents.
4. Which among the following cells is capable to develop in any of the type of cell?
[A] Endothelial
[B] Endodermal
[C] Stem
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Stem]
Notes:
A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to develop in any of the type of cell. In the future they may be used to replace cells and tissues that have been damaged or lost due to disease.
5. Which among the following correctly refers to Ischemia?
[A] restriction in blood supply due to factors in the blood vessels
[B] Abrupt fall in the blood Pressure
[C] necrosis in a blood vessel due to a local lack of oxygen
[D] condition of severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [restriction in blood supply due to factors in the blood vessels]
Notes:
Restriction in blood supply due to factors in the blood vessels refers to Ischemia. Ischemia can have causes that aren’t due to underlying disease some of which include extreme exercise, cold exposure or tourniquet.
6. Bubo bubo is the scientific name of which of the following species?
[A] Hen
[B] Peacock
[C] Eagle
[D] Owl
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Owl]
Notes:
Bubo bubo is the scientific name of owl. The Bubo bubo or the Eurasian eagle-owl is a species of eagle-owl that resides in much of Eurasia.
7. Which among the following animals is closest to corals in evolutionary terms?
- Sea Cow
- Sea Horse
- Sea Lion
- Sea Anemone
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Only 3
[D] Only 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Only 4]
Notes:
Corals and sea anemones both belong to Phylum Cnidaria, sharing similar evolutionary lineages as simple, radially symmetrical, aquatic invertebrates. Sea cow (mammal), sea horse (fish), and sea lion (mammal) are distantly related and do not share this close evolutionary relationship with corals. Hence, option 4 is correct.
8. Gram Positive Bacteria can be identified by the Gram staining because of the following reasons?
[A] The cell walls have more lipids compared to peptidoglycan
[B] The Cells walls have more Peptidoglycan compared to Lipids
[C] The Cells membrane has more fatty acids
[D] The plasma has Peptidoglycans
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ The Cells walls have more Peptidoglycan compared to Lipids]
Notes:
The cell wall which is made up of Peptidoglycan as well as lipids gets violet due to the reaction of the CV+. After the decolorization with alcohol, the lipids gets dissolved and the bacteria with higher Peptidoglycan remain violet. These are called Gram Positive bacteria.
9. In which of the following class can we put Adrenaline?
[A] Fat
[B] Hormone
[C] Enzyme
[D] Protein
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Hormone]
Notes:
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone, neurotransmitter, and medication. Adrenaline is normally produced by both the adrenal glands and certain neurons.
10. Which of the following forms of Nitrogen is taken up by Higher Plants?
[A] Nitrites only
[B] Nitrates only
[C] Nitrates and Ammonium
[D] Urea
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Nitrates and Ammonium]
Notes:
Plants absorb ammonium and nitrate during the nitrogen assimilation process, after which they are converted into nitrogen-containing organic molecules, such as amino acids and DNA. Animals cannot absorb nitrates directly. They receive their nutrient supplies by consuming plants or plant-consuming animals.
