1. Which part of the Central Nervous System controls “reflex Actions” ?
[A] Mesencephalon
[B] Rhombencephalon
[C] Medulla oblongata
[D] Spinal Chord
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Spinal Chord]
Notes:
The nervous system is made of two parts viz. Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). CNS is made of Brain [cerebrum, brainstem and cerebellum] and spinal cord. The PNS is made of nerves and neural ganglia. Further, the meninges (three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord) are also a part of the nervous system
2. Which among the following makes the Cornea Transplantation easy and used more widely ?
[A] Cornea are easily available
[B] Cornea does not link up with blood vessels
[C] both of the above reasons
[D] none of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Cornea does not link up with blood vessels]
Notes:
A cornea transplant also called as keratoplasty is a surgical procedure to replace part of your cornea with corneal tissue from a donor. Cornea does not link up with blood vessels, this makes the Cornea Transplantation easy and used more widely.
3. Which among the following is called antisterility vitamin ?
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin D
[C] Vitamin E
[D] Vitamin K
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Vitamin E]
Notes:
Vitamin E is called ant sterility vitamin. Vitamin E, a fat soluble vitamin, is found naturally in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement.
4. Which among the following is correct about Viruses?
[A] They have DNA only
[B] They have RNA only
[C] They have both DNA & RNA
[D] They have either DNA or RNA
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [They have either DNA or RNA]
Notes:Viruses are small infectious agents that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses are classified based on the type of genetic material they contain. Some viruses have DNA as their genetic material, while others have RNA. Some viruses have both DNA and RNA as their genetic material.
DNA viruses have double-stranded DNA as their genetic material. They replicate their DNA using the enzymes and machinery of the host cell. Examples of DNA viruses include herpes viruses, pox viruses, and adenoviruses.
RNA viruses have single-stranded RNA as their genetic material. They replicate their RNA using the enzymes and machinery of the host cell. Examples of RNA viruses include influenza viruses, HIV, and coronaviruses.
Viruses that have both DNA and RNA as their genetic material are known as “retroviruses.” These viruses contain a single strand of RNA, but they use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA into DNA. The DNA is then integrated into the host cell’s genome and replicated along with the host cell’s DNA. Examples of retroviruses include HIV and the human T-cell leukemia virus.
5. In which of the following Cloaca which is the posterior opening that serves as the only such opening for the intestinal, reproductive and urinary tracts is present?
[A] Aves only
[B] Aves & Amphibians
[C] Aves, Amphibians and Reptiles
[D] Pisces, Aves, Amphibians & Reptiles
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Aves, Amphibians and Reptiles]
Notes:
Cloaca which is the posterior opening that serves as the only such opening for the intestinal, reproductive and urinary tracts is present in Aves, Amphibians and Reptiles. A cloaca is not present in placental mammals.
6. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the Vitamin C?
[A] Only Vitamin C is to be taken externally, all others are produced in the human body.
[B] Vitamin C is the only vitamin which is also a hormone.
[C] Scurvy is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C
[D] Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin C is the only vitamin which is also a hormone.]
Notes:
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin. Scurvy is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C. Human body cannot produce vitamin C hence it is taken externally. Vitamin C is not a hormone.
7. Mammalian lungs have an enormous number of minute alveoli (air sacs). This provides:
[A] more surface area for diffusion of gases
[B] more space for increasing the volume of inspired air
[C] more nerve supply to keep the lungs working
[D] more spongy texture for keeping lung in proper shape
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ more surface area for diffusion of gases ]
Notes:
In mammals and the more complex life forms, the two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of the heart.Mammalian lungs have an enormous number of minute alveoli (air sacs).
8. Which of the following are the postulates of Darwin’s theory of evolution?
[A] Within any population, there is natural variation.
[B] Even though all species produce a large number of offsprings, populations remain fairly constant
[C] The struggle for survival within populations eliminates the unfit individuals.
[D] All the above are correct
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All the above are correct]
Notes:
Darwin’s theory of evolution can be described as: within any population, there is natural variation. Some individuals have more favourable variations than others. Even though all species produce a large number of offsprings, populations remain fairly constant naturally. The struggle for survival within populations eliminates the unfit individuals. This is called natural selection.
9. Photosynthesis takes place in the presence of chlorophyll and which other substance?
[A] Water
[B] Nutrients
[C] Sunlight
[D] Carbon-dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Sunlight]
Notes:
Photosynthesis, process by which green plants and certain other organisms use the chlorophyll and energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into the simple sugar glucose.
10. Which vitamin is also called as “Pantothenic acid”?
[A] Vitamin K
[B] Vitamin D
[C] Vitamin B3
[D] Vitamin B5
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Vitamin B5]
Notes:
Vitamin B5 is also called as Pantothenic acid and it was discovered by Roger J.Williams in 1933. Chemical formula for Vitamin B5 is C9H17NO5.
