1. Which of the following protects the body against infectious disease and foreign invaders?
[A] Leukocytes
[B] Red blood cells
[C] Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
[D] Golgi apparatus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Leukocytes]
Notes:
White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders. All white blood cells are produced and derived from multipotent cells in the bone marrow known as hematopoietic stem cells.
2. The acidic medium of gastric juice along with an enzyme Pepsin breaks the proteins down into smaller parts known as _____?
[A] Peptides
[B] Peptones
[C] Peptose
[D] Amino Acids
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Peptones]
Notes:
The acidic medium of gastric juice and the enzyme pepsin break down proteins into smaller parts known as peptones. Pepsin is the main enzyme involved in protein digestion. It breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids that can be easily absorbed in the small intestine.
The gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, which helps maintain the pH in the range of 1.5 to 2.5. This pH range is very acidic and is necessary for optimum activity of pepsin. The hydrochloric acid converts inactive enzymes (zymogens) into active enzymes.
The gastric glands in the stomach secrete the enzyme pepsin. When pepsinogen is released into the stomach and mixed with gastric juice, it is converted into pepsin.
3. Which among the following is called ‘queen of spices’?
[A] Cardamom
[B] Clove
[C] Turmeric
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Cardamom]
Notes:
Cardamom (Botanical name: Elettaria cardamomum) is called the Queen of Spices because of its rich aroma and many uses as a medicine and as a flavoring in food and drink.
4. Which among the following is a correct definition of Saprophytes?
[A] A parasitic plant that can complete its life cycle independent of a host
[B] A heterotrophic plant that feeds upon other living plants
[C] A heterotrophic plant that feeds upon dead organic matter
[D] A plant that is unable to synthesize a particular organic compound
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [A heterotrophic plant that feeds upon dead organic matter]
Notes:
lysotrophic nutrition or Saprotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion which is involved in the processing of decayed organic matter. It occurs in saprotrophs, and is most often associated with fungi and soil bacteria.
5. Non-vascular embryophytes are __:
[A] Pteridophytes
[B] Algae
[C] Bryophytes
[D] Gymnosperms
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Bryophytes]
Notes:
Bryophytes are an informal group consisting of three divisions of non-vascular land plants: the liverworts, hornworts and mosses. They play a vital role in regulating ecosystems because they provide an important buffer system for other plants.
6. Which among the following is the correct sequence of the Levels of Organisation found in living organsims?
[A] Individual – Organ system – Tissue – Cell – Organ
[B] Organ – Organ system – Tissue – Cell – Individual
[C] Tissue – Cell – Organ – Organ system – Individual
[D] Cell – Tissue – Organ – Organ system – Individual.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Cell – Tissue – Organ – Organ system – Individual.]
Notes:
The correct sequence of the level of Organisation in living organism is :Cell – Tissue – Organ – Organ system – Individual. The cell is basic unit of life and thesmallest level of organisation of the living organisms.In multicellular organisms more than one cell of similar or dissimilar nature combine to form a tissue.Different tissues combone to form distinct organs. A group of organs coordinating to performs a major function forms the organ system.A multicellular individual is formed by the combination of many organ systems working in coordination. Thus Option [D] is correct
7. Which organs have different basic structures, yet present a similarity in appearance and perform analogous functions?
[A] Kidney and liver
[B] Heart and lungs
[C] Wings of a bat and a bird
[D] Brain and spinal cord
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Wings of a bat and a bird]
Notes:
This is a unique example of convergent evolution in which organs can serve similar purposes but originate from very different original structures. Wings of a bat and bird serve the same purpose, flight, yet they have different underlying structures, resulting from a different evolutionary path.
8. Which of the following functions is performed by the kidneys in the human body?
[A] Transportation
[B] Excretion
[C] Respiration
[D] Digestion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Excretion]
Notes:
The primary route in which the body eliminates substances is through the kidneys. The main function of the kidney is the excretion of body wastes and harmful chemicals into the urine.
9. Which of the following disease is non-communicable in nature?
[A] Tuberculosis
[B] Chicken-pox
[C] Cholera
[D] Cancer
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Cancer]
Notes:
A noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition or disease that is by definition non-infectious and non-transmissible among people. Eg. Cancer which is also called malignancy, is an abnormal growth of cells.
10. Which among the following is more required by the Growing children?
[A] Proteins
[B] Carbohydrates
[C] Vitamins
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Proteins]
Notes:
Growing kids need protein to help them build and repair cells, enzymes, and hormones, and, as a last resort, to provide energy. Protein foods also help form new blood cells and body tissues, and they help the nervous system function properly.
