Biology MCQs

Notes:
Vitamin E is a series of organic compounds consisting of various methylated phenols. Because the vitamin activity was first identified in 1936 from a dietary fertility factor in rats, it was given the name “tocopherol” or birth carrying vitamin.
There are eight forms of Vitamin E. In general, food sources with the highest concentrations of vitamin E are vegetable oils, followed by nuts and seeds including whole grains. 

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Theory of natural selection was proposed by Darwin.The theory is an explanation for adaptation and speciation. He defined natural selection as the “principle by which each slight variation [of a trait], if useful, is preserved”.

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The edible part of ‘cabbage’ is the vegetative bud. Vegetative buds are the buds from which vegetative parts like stems and leaves arise, rather than flowers.

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RSV Virus (respiratory syncytial virus) is also called as “Hit & Hide” virus. It causes infections of the lungs and respiratory tract. It is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections.

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Potassium, Sodium, Magnesium, Calcium are required in maximum quantities in a living organism.

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The insect “Apis mellifera” is commonly known as the honey bee. The Western honey bee is the most common of the 7–12 species of honey bees worldwide. The genus name “Apis” is Latin for “bee”, and “mellifera” is Latin for “honey-bearing” or “honey carrying”.  Honey bees are known for their role in pollination. They were domesticated for honey production and crop pollination. Honey bees produce honey, wax, propolis, and royal jelly.  Honey bees are red/brown with black bands and orange yellow rings on their abdomen. They have hair on their thorax and less hair on their abdomen. The workers and queens have stingers, whereas the drones are stingless.

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Deoxyribose is a Monosaccharide sugar.

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Seals, Walruses and Sea lions are Mammals belonging to a single taxonomic group ( a clade) called Pinnipedia, which means fin footed. All of them are semi-aquatic marine mammals. They belong to the order Carnivora and their closest living relatives are bears. They are characterized by modification of limbs to flippers. Pinnipeds are mammals with four flippers — one pair in front and one at the back. They are warm-blooded, nurse their young, breathe air and have hair. The sea lion has small, tiny external ear flaps. Seals have no flaps. The front flippers of sea lions are long, have no hair and nails. Seals’ front flippers are short, blunt, covered with hair with nails on the ends. Sea lions can turn their hind flippers forward to move on land but seals cannot do so.

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Uric acid is not soluble in water and is excreted as a dry crystal by the animal’s digestive system. Ammonia is the most toxic nitrogenous waste and must be excreted in large volumes of water.

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Peepal tree has the capability to absorb CO² at night due to Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM). It’s a photosynthesis pathway primarily found in desert plants and epiphytes (those that live on larger trees). During the day, CAM plants break down the malate created at night and use the released CO² to create sugars, similar to C3 plants. But, CAM, being energy inefficient, is used only under certain conditions. It seems that peepal trees use CAM when they are epiphytic and switch to C3 photosynthesis when they settle in the soil.