1. What fraction of Human Blood is Plasma?
[A] 35%
[B] 45%
[C] 50%
[D] 55%
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [55%]
Notes:
Blood plasma is the liquid component of whole blood, and makes up approximately 55% of the total blood volume. It is composed primarily of water with small amounts of minerals, salts, ions, nutrients, and proteins in solution. In whole blood, red blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets are suspended within the plasma.
2. Which among the following is caused by Virus?
[A] Mumps
[B] Beri Beri
[C] Tuberculosis
[D] Dysentery
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mumps]
Notes:
Mumps is caused by Virus. Mumps is a viral infection that affects the salivary glands that’s easily preventable by a vaccine. Initial signs and symptoms include fever, muscle pain, headache, poor appetite, and feeling generally unwell.
3. With reference to classification of the flora and fauna, the meaning of term “Taxon” is __?
[A] A group of same species
[B] A group of organisms with same chromosome number
[C] A group of category of organisms
[D] A group of same genera
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ A group of category of organisms]
Notes:
In biology, a taxon (plural taxa; back-formation from taxonomy) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit.
4. Which of the following nitrogenous base is present in DNA, but not in RNA?
[A] Thymine
[B] Adenine
[C] Cytosine
[D] Uracil
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Thymine]
Notes:
Thymine is the nitrogenous base that is present in DNA but not in RNA. Thymine is a pyrimidine base that pairs with adenine through hydrogen bonding in DNA. In RNA, thymine is replaced with uracil, which pairs with adenine.
The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. The four nitrogenous bases in RNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil.
5. Which of the following is a stem vegetable?
[A] Lettuce
[B] Carrot
[C] Asparagus
[D] Onion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Asparagus]
Notes:
Asparagus is a stem vegetable. Seeds (maize, wheat, coffee and various nuts), fruit (tomato), leaves (lettuce, spinach, and cabbage), or roots (e.g. carrots and beets).
6. What is epidermis made of?
[A] Dermatogen
[B] Periblem
[C] Protoderm
[D] Plerome
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Dermatogen]
Notes:
Dermatogen is the outer primary meristem of a plant or plant part that according to the histogen theory gives rise to epidermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin. Epidermis provides barrier to infection from environmental pathogens.
7. Who proposed five kingdom classification?
[A] Ernst Mayr
[B] M.W.Beijerinck
[C] R.H. Whittaker
[D] D.I Ivanovsky
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [R.H. Whittaker]
Notes:
The five kingdom classification was proposed by R.H. Whittaker in 1969. The five kingdoms were formed on the basis of characteristics. It includes Kingdom Monera, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Plantae, and Kingdom Animalia.
8. Water hyacinth was traditionally classified in which of the following genera? (UPSC Prelims 1988)
[A] Lemna
[B] Pistia
[C] Eichhornia
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Eichhornia]
Notes:
Water hyacinth was widely known as Eichhornia crassipes. It is now accepted as Pontederia crassipes by Kew. Eichhornia is the historical genus asked about here.
9. ‘Lathyrism’ is a crippling disease caused by eating which of the following? (UPSC Prelims 1989)
[A] Tinned fish
[B] Grass pea or khesari dal (Lathyrus sativus) in excessive, prolonged consumption
[C] Meat
[D] Adulterated oil
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Grass pea or khesari dal (Lathyrus sativus) in excessive, prolonged consumption]
Notes:
Neurolathyrism is associated with prolonged heavy dependence on Lathyrus sativus, which contains the neurotoxin beta-ODAP. It is not caused by chickpea as such. The neurological disease should not be confused with other forms of lathyrism associated with different toxins. Editorial note: Wording or facts updated for accuracy.
10. Consider the following statements regarding bones in the human body:
- They consist of 80% solid matter and20% water.
- Solid matter in the bones is made mainly of cartilage.
- Impregnation of salts including carbonates and phosphates of lime imparts hardness to the bones.
- In old age, the proportion of lime decreases and bones become brittle and break easily.
Of these statements:
[A] 1,2 and 3 are correct
[B] 2 and 4 are correct
[C] 2 and 3 are correct
[D] 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct]
Notes:
All of them are correct.
Bones consist of living cells embedded in a mineralized organic matrix. This matrix consists of organic components, mainly type I collagen – “organic” referring to materials produced as a result of the human body – and inorganic components, primarily hydroxyapatite and other salts of calcium and phosphate.
