1. Polycythaemia is a disease related to _______?
[A] Red Blood Cells
[B] White Blood Cells
[C] Blood Serum
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Red Blood Cells]
Notes:
Polycythaemia is a disease related to Red Blood Cells. It refers to an increase in the number of red blood cells in the body which cause the blood to be thicker, and this, in turn, increases the risk of other health issues, such as blood clots.
2. In which part of the human body “Pleura” is found?
[A] Lungs
[B] Brain
[C] Liver
[D] Heart
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Lungs]
Notes:
A pleura is a serous membrane which folds back onto itself to form a two-layered membranous pleural sac. It surrounds each lung and attach to the internal surface of the thoracic cavity.
3. Which of the following plant growth hormone was recognized by Japanese scientists?
[A] Auxin
[B] Gibberellins
[C] Abscisic acid
[D] Cytokinin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Gibberellins]
Notes:
Gibberellins, first recognized in 1926 by a Japanese scientist, Eiichi Kurosawa. He was studying foolish seedling disease in Rice called as bakanae
4. The disorder “Pityriasis simplex capillitii ” is most commonly known as which among the following?
[A] Tulip fingers
[B] Dandruff
[C] Baldness
[D] Eczema
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Dandruff]
Notes:
The disorder “Pityriasis simplex capillitii ” is most commonly known as dandruff. Dandruff is a skin condition that mainly affects the scalp.
5. Which among the following live tissues of the Human Eye does not have blood vessels?
[A] Sclera
[B] Cornea
[C] Choroid
[D] Iris
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Cornea]
Notes:
Cornea does not have blood vessels. It is the transparent part of the eye that covers the front portion of the eye. It covers the pupil, iris, and anterior chamber.
6. Which among the following enzyme allows the cows to digest cellulose?
[A] beta-lactase
[B] alpha-amylase
[C] beta-amylase
[D] alpha-lactase
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ beta-amylase]
Notes:
Correct answer is beta-amylase. Regarding amylase there is an interesting fact that it has proved its role in Human evolution. The salivary amylase levels found in the human lineage are six to eight times higher in humans than in chimpanzees, which are mostly fruit eaters and ingest little starch relative to humans.
7. Which organs have different basic structures, yet present a similarity in appearance and perform analogous functions?
[A] Kidney and liver
[B] Heart and lungs
[C] Wings of a bat and a bird
[D] Brain and spinal cord
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Wings of a bat and a bird]
Notes:
This is a unique example of convergent evolution in which organs can serve similar purposes but originate from very different original structures. Wings of a bat and bird serve the same purpose, flight, yet they have different underlying structures, resulting from a different evolutionary path.
8. What is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin D? (UPSC Prelims 1980).
[A] Rickets
[B] Night blindness
[C] Pellagra
[D] Scurvy
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Rickets]
Notes:
Rickets is a skeletal disorder that’s caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. These nutrients are important for the development of strong, healthy bones. People with rickets may have weak and soft bones, stunted growth, and, in severe cases, skeletal deformities.
9. It has been observed that after-effects of low temperature treatment are helpful in promoting the flowering in certain plants. Through this the vegetative period of plant becomes short and early flowering takes place. Which of the following is the name given to the phenomenon? (UPSC Prelims 1992)
[A] Photoperiodism
[B] Floreignation
[C] Vernalisation
[D] Heliotropism
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Vernalisation]
Notes:
Vernalization is the induction of a plant’s flowering process by exposure to the prolonged cold of winter, or by an artificial equivalent. After vernalization, plants have acquired the ability to flower, but they may require additional seasonal cues or weeks of growth before they will actually flower.
10. Consumption of fish is considered to be healthy when compared to flesh of other animals because fish contains which of the following minerals? (UPSC Prelims 1998)
[A] Polyunsaturated fatty acids
[B] saturated fatty acids
[C] essential vitamins
[D] more carbohydrates and proteins
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Polyunsaturated fatty acids]
Notes:
Consumption of fish is considered to be healthy when compared to flesh of other animals because fish contains polyunsaturated fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acid is an anti oxidant, which helps in building of tissues.
