1. The enzyme “Diastase” is secreted in which among the following?
[A] Oral Cavity
[B] Stomach
[C] Ileum
[D] Duodenum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Oral Cavity]
Notes:
The diastase enzyme converts starch into maltose.
2. Theory of natural selection was proposed by ?
[A] Mendel
[B] Darwin
[C] Lamarck
[D] Karl Landsteiner
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Darwin]
Notes:
Theory of natural selection was proposed by Darwin.The theory is an explanation for adaptation and speciation. He defined natural selection as the “principle by which each slight variation [of a trait], if useful, is preserved”.
3. Which among the following protein is responsible for maintenance of osmotic pressure?
[A] Beta macroglobulin
[B] Gamma globulin
[C] immunoglobulin
[D] albumin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [albumin]
Notes:
The protein responsible for the maintenance of osmotic pressure in the blood is albumin. Albumin, produced by the liver, constitutes about 60% of the total protein in plasma and plays a crucial role in regulating oncotic pressure, which helps retain fluid within the blood vessels. Low levels of albumin can lead to edema and other complications. In contrast, beta macroglobulin and gamma globulin (immunoglobulins) are involved in immune responses and do not primarily function in osmotic pressure regulation.
4. Which of the following is the correct definition of the Primary Productivity?
[A] Rate of photosynthesis in plants and photosynthetic bacteria as compared to the rate of plant consumption by herbivores
[B] Total amount of light energy converted to organic compounds in a given area per unit time.
[C] Rate of decomposition by the detritivores.
[D] Total biomass of the photosynthetic organisms in the ecosystem.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Total amount of light energy converted to organic compounds in a given area per unit time.]
Notes:
B is the correct answer.
5. What does the first name in the scientific name of an organism denote?
[A] Species
[B] Genus
[C] Order
[D] Class
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Genus ]
Notes:
In Binominal nomenclature, the name of organisms is in genus species pattern. The second word in an organism’s scientific name refers to one species within the genus; is the specific epithet but actually gives no clue as to species if used alone.
6. What is the name of a group of similar cells performing a specific function?
[A] Tissue
[B] Organ
[C] Organ system
[D] Cellular organization
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Tissue]
Notes:
A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same origin that together carry out a specific function. Organs are then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues.
7. Which of the following micro-organism causes diseases like polio and chicken pox?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Protozoa
[C] Algae
[D] Virus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Virus]
Notes:
Poliomyelitis or polio is an infection caused by the polio virus. It is a serious disease affecting a person’s brain and spinal cord. Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV).
8. What is study of fungus Known as?
[A] Phrenology
[B] Physiology
[C] Biology
[D] Mycology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Mycology]
Notes:
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans as a source for tinder, medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection.
9. Which of the following is/are found in plant cells but not in those of animals? (UPSC Prelims 1987)
[A] Plastid & Cellular wall
[B] Chromosome
[C] Mitochondria & Golgi apparatus
[D] Cell wall & lysozyme
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Plastid & Cellular wall]
Notes:
Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and other specialized plastids, and a large central vacuole, which are not found within animal cells.
10. Which of the following correctly define Amniocentesis? (UPSC Prelims 1988)
[A] Determination of foetal sex
[B] Separation of amino acids
[C] Determination of the sequence of amino acids in a protein
[D] Inducing abortion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Determination of foetal sex]
Notes:
Amniocentesis is a medical procedure used primarily in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities and foetal infections, as well as for sex determination.
