Biology MCQs

Notes:
Seed Therapy which is based on Sujok Therapy deals with the application of seeds or other parts of plants and attaching it with a tape at a corresponding point in the hand or foot of a person feeling pain. This is used now-a-days for cancer treatment.

Notes:
Plasma is 55% of the blood by volume and constitutes 5% of the body weight. Plasma is a pale yellow transparent clear fluid which consists of 90-92% water and 8-10% organic and inorganic substances. Organic substances are mainly plasma proteins viz. albumin, globulin, prothrombin and fibrinogen. Albumins are responsible for maintenance of osmotic pressure of Blood. Globulins are chief sites for formation of antibodies; while prothrombin and fibrinogen are essential for clotting of blood

Notes:
Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism. Alcoholism is the most common cause of cirrhosis in the world. It occurs when the liver is damaged over time and cannot function properly, leading to scarring and eventually cirrhosis.

Notes:
A lipoprotein is a biochemical assembly consisting of protein and fat molecules whose primary purpose is to transport hydrophobic lipid molecules in water, as in blood plasma or other extracellular fluids.

Notes:
The umbilical cord contains Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance made largely from mucopolysaccharides which protects the blood vessels inside. It contains one vein and two arteries that carries oxygenated and deoxygenated blood respectively.

Notes:
Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Golgi Bodies, Lysosomes, Endoplasmic reticulum and Peroxisomes are absent in prokaryotic cells. Ribosomes are smaller in prokaryotic cells and larger in eukaryotic cells.

Notes:
The primary function of the Pineal gland is production of melatonin, which helps maintain circadian rhythm and regulate reproductive hormones.

Notes:
Alec Jeffery is known as the father of Finger Printing Technique. H. Morgan is known as the Father of Experimental Genetics. Bateson is known as the Father of modern Genetics. Hugo de Vries Father of Mutation theory of evolution.

Notes:
Drugs that bind to receptor sites and inhibit their natural function are called antagonists. These drugs are useful when a message needs to be blocked.
Antagonists bind to receptors but do not activate them. They compete with available agonists for receptor binding sites. Antagonists block the access or attachment of the body’s natural agonists, usually neurotransmitters, to their receptors. This prevents or reduces cell responses to natural agonists.
Antagonists still cause a response, but this is through blocking the actions of agonists.
Agonist and antagonist drugs can be used together in people with asthma. For example, albuterol can be used with ipratropium.

Notes:
A reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription. The viral DNA is cut and paste into the host cell DNA. The host cell gets tricked into making lots of proteins for the virus.