1. Chronic exposure to which among the following minerals/ salts in groundwater may cause Black-Foot Disease?
[A] Fluoride
[B] Nitrates
[C] Arsenic
[D] Lead
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Arsenic]
Notes:
Arsenicosis or Black foot is caused by exposure over a period of time to Arsenic in drinking water. It may also be due to intake of arsenic via food or air. Kindly note that Itai-itai disease is caused by Cadmium poisoning.
2. Which ancient Indian physician is known as the ‘Father of Surgery’?
[A] Charaka
[B] Sushruta
[C] Nagarjuna
[D] Vagbhatta
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Sushruta]
Notes:
Sushruta practiced during the 5th century B.C. many of his contributions to medicine and surgery preceded similar discoveries in the Western world. He is known as the ‘Father of Surgery’.
3. Which of the following plants have respiratory roots?
[A] Marshy Plants
[B] Mangroves
[C] Epiphytes
[D] Submerged Hydrophytes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mangroves]
Notes:
Respiratory roots are found in aquatic plants and plants which grow on marshy areas. In mangroves the roots are not getting sufficient oxygen and hence they grow upwards from the ground.
4. Which among the following Vitamin is added to the milk in some countries as it is lost during the process of Fat Removal (Skimming)?
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin C
[D] Vitamin D
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Vitamin A]
Notes:
Vitamin A is added to the milk in some countries as it is lost during the process of Fat Removal called Skimming. Vitamin A is important for good vision, a healthy immune system, and cell growth.
5. Deposition of which among the following in the joints, causing inflammation is reason of Gout, one of the forms of arthritis?
[A] Lactic Acid
[B] Oxalic Acid
[C] Acetic Acid
[D] Uric Acid
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Uric Acid]
Notes:
Gout is caused by deposition of uric acid crystals in the joint, causing inflammation. There is also an uncommon form of gouty arthritis caused by the formation of rhomboid crystals of calcium pyrophosphate known as pseudogout. In the early stages, the gouty arthritis usually occur in one joint, but with time, it can occur in many joints and be quite crippling. The joints in gout can often become swollen and lose function.
6. Which of the following cells is present in epidermis that surrounds stomatal pore in plants?
[A] Epithelial cells
[B] Guard cells
[C] Subsidiary cells
[D] Accessory cells
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Guard cells ]
Notes:
Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. Guard cells are specialized cells in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that are used to control gas exchange. They are produced in pairs with a gap between them that forms a stomatal pore.
7. Auxiliary bud develops into which of the following parts of the plant?
[A] Fruit
[B] Leaf
[C] Roots
[D] Branch
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Branch]
Notes:
The axillary bud is a bud that develops in the axil of a leaf of a plant (synonymous with lateral bud). Axillary buds develop from the nodes which then becomes a new stem.
8. Genetic code is made up by the four-letter alphabet forming the pairs?
[A] A—C, C—A, T—G, G—T
[B] A—G, G—A, C—A, T—C
[C] T—G, G—T, A—C, C—A
[D] A—T, T—A, C—G, G—C
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [A—T, T—A, C—G, G—C]
Notes:
The four letters designating these bases (A, G, C, and T) are the alphabet of the genetic code. Each rung of the DNA molecule is contains a combination of two of these letters, one jutting out from each side. In this genetic code, A always combines with T, and C with G to make what is called a base pair.
9. Which one of the following animals stores water in the intestine?
[A] Moloch
[B] Camel
[C] Zebra
[D] Uromastix
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Camel]
Notes:
Camels store fat in their humps, not water. As a camel goes without food, its hump begins to shrink. Until recently, many scientists believed that camels could store water in one of their three stomachs. Very thirsty camels can drink up to 100 liters of water during a single visit to the well.
10. Deficiency in which among the following leads to goitre?
[A] Iodine
[B] Calcium
[C] Phosporous
[D] Zinc
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Iodine]
Notes:
Goitre is a disorder caused due to the deficiency of iodine. Malfunction of thyroid gland leads to goitre (Swelling of neck). It is due to the bulge of the thyroid gland.
