Biology MCQs

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Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions. Hepatitis and chronic alcohol abuse are frequent causes. Liver damage caused by cirrhosis can’t be undone.

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The acidic medium of gastric juice and the enzyme pepsin break down proteins into smaller parts known as peptones. Pepsin is the main enzyme involved in protein digestion. It breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids that can be easily absorbed in the small intestine.
The gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, which helps maintain the pH in the range of 1.5 to 2.5. This pH range is very acidic and is necessary for optimum activity of pepsin. The hydrochloric acid converts inactive enzymes (zymogens) into active enzymes.
The gastric glands in the stomach secrete the enzyme pepsin. When pepsinogen is released into the stomach and mixed with gastric juice, it is converted into pepsin.

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Enteric fermentation is a digestive process that takes place in the digestive systems of ruminant animals by which carbohydrates are broken down by microorganisms into simple molecules for absorption into the bloodstream of an animal.

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Mitosis is a fundamental process for life. During mitosis, a cell splits to form two identical daughter cells by duplicating all of its contents, including its chromosomes. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase are the stages of
Mitosis.

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Lepidopterology is the branch of zoology which deals with the scientific study of moths and the three superfamilies of butterflies. The person who wishes to study Lepidopterology is called as lepidopterist or an aurelian.

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Please note that Polar Bear is the largest land carnivore animal, weighing about 350 to 700 kgs.
Kodiak bear which is also of same size is a Omnivore

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The monocarpic plants produce flowers only once in lifetime. Monocarpic plants are those that flower, set seeds and then die.

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The breathing rate is controlled by the medulla in the brain, which is primarily sensitive to CO₂ levels in the blood.

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Dermatogen is the outer primary meristem of a plant or plant part that according to the histogen theory gives rise to epidermis, which is the outermost layer of the skin. Epidermis provides barrier to infection from environmental pathogens.

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The internal walls of the small intestine are covered in finger-like tissue called villi. Each of these villi is covered in even smaller finger-like structures called microvilli. These villi and microvilli increase the surface area available for the absorption of nutrients.