1. From which of the following sources can one obtain adult human stem cells?
[A] Liver
[B] Bone Marrow
[C] Brain
[D] Medulla
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Bone Marrow]
Notes:
Adult human stem cells, unlike embryonic stem cells, are found in adult tissues. Among the major sources, bone marrow is often used to procure these cells. They have the property to self-renew and differentiate into numerous types of specialized cells. Stem cells obtained from the bone marrow can form different cells including blood cells and cells that contribute to the immune system.
2. The elements which are found in Haemoglobin, Chlorophyll, Chalcopyrite & Vitamin B12 are respectively as follows__________?
[A] Iron, Copper, Magnesium, Cobalt
[B] Iron, Magnesium, Copper, Cobalt
[C] Iron, Cobalt, Copper, Magnesium
[D] Magnesium, Iron, Cobalt, Copper
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Iron, Magnesium, Copper, Cobalt]
Notes:
The elements which are found in Haemoglobin, Chlorophyll, Chalcopyrite & Vitamin B12 are respectively as follows: Iron, Magnesium, Copper, Cobalt.
3. The name of Karl Landsteiner is associated with the discovery of which of the following ?
[A] Human Endocrine System
[B] Human Blood Groups
[C] Vitamin B Group
[D] Proteins
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Human Blood Groups]
Notes:
The name of Karl Landsteiner is associated with the discovery of Human Blood Groups. He was given the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1930 for his discovery in 1901 of, and outstanding work on, the blood groups.
4. Theory of natural selection was proposed by ?
[A] Mendel
[B] Darwin
[C] Lamarck
[D] Karl Landsteiner
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Darwin]
Notes:
Theory of natural selection was proposed by Darwin.The theory is an explanation for adaptation and speciation. He defined natural selection as the “principle by which each slight variation [of a trait], if useful, is preserved”.
5. The Chlorophyll cells within the plant leaves are perfectly optimized to absorb which of the following waves of the Sun Light?
[A] Green
[B] Red & Blue
[C] Red & Yellow
[D] Yellow and Blue
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Red & Blue]
Notes:
The Chlorophyll cells within the plant leaves are perfectly optimized to absorb red and blue waves of the Sun Light. Chlorophyll is concentrated within organisms in structures called chloroplasts.
6. Which among the following is not a function of Sympathetic nerves in Autonomic nervous system?
[A] Enhancing the heart beats
[B] constricting the blood vessels
[C] dilate pupils
[D] contract urinary bladder
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [contract urinary bladder]
Notes:
contract urinary bladder is a function of Parasympathetic nerves. Sympathetic nerves relax urinary bladder.
7. Which of the following is the correct taxonomical arrangement?
[A] Species<Genus<Order<Class
[B] Genus<Species<Order<Class
[C] Species<Genus<Class<Order
[D] Species<Order<Class<Genus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Species<Genus<Order<Class ]
Notes:
First option is the correct answer.
8. Which one of the following is a useful functional association between fungi and the roots of higher plants?
[A] Mycorrhyza
[B] Lichen
[C] Root Nodules
[D] Cluster roots
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Mycorrhyza]
Notes:
A Mycorrhyza is a composite organism consisting of a fungus (the mycobiont) and a photosynthetic partner (the photobiont or phycobiont) growing together in a symbiotic relationship.
9. All cells contain the same genetic information, yet cells other than stem cells can not differentiate into various tissues. What is the possible reason for this?
[A] As cells develop their genetic makeup changes.
[B] As cells develop some genes are turned off permanently.
[C] Stem cells are the only cells that do not have an X or Y chromosome and can therefore go into either a male or female.
[D] Stem cells are the only cells that can be implanted
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ As cells develop some genes are turned off permanently.]
Notes:
As cells develop some genes are turned off permanently. All of the cells within a complex multicellular organism such as a human being contain the same DNA; however, the body of such an organism is clearly composed of many different types of cells. What, then, makes a liver cell different from a skin or muscle cell? The answer lies in the way each cell deploys its genome. In other words, the particular combination of genes that are turned on (expressed) or turned off (repressed) dictates cellular morphology (shape) and function. This process of gene expression is regulated by cues from both within and outside cells, and the interplay between these cues and the genome affects essentially all processes that occur during embryonic development and adult life. This means that cells become specialized because the genes that are not required are switched off. Only the genes needed to make a particular type of cell work are switched on. So muscle cells only have the genes needed to make muscle cell proteins switched on. All the other genes, such as those needed to make blood cell proteins and nerve cell proteins, are switched off. But the stem cells are unspecialized and can develop into various tissues.
10. White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging disease among which of the following fauna?
[A] Bats
[B] Snow leopard
[C] Bumblebee
[D] Forest owlet
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Bats]
Notes:
White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emergent disease of hibernating bats that has spread from the north-eastern to the central United States at an alarming rate.
