Biology MCQs

Notes:
Daltonism refers to the Colorblindness of the red-green type which is also known as deuteranopia or deuteranomaly.The term “Daltonism” is derived from the name of the chemist and physicist, John Dalton (1766-1844).

Notes:
Each kidney is made of tube like structures called nephrons (renal tubules). A nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. The cup-shaped upper end called Bowman’s capsule, has a network of capillaries within it called glomerulus. Glomerulus is a knot of capillaries formed from the artery which brings blood containing wastes and excess of water to the kidney. Bowman’s capsule leads into a tubular structure.

Notes:
The pylorus is the furthest part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided into two parts, the antrum and the pyloric canal. The antrum connects to the body of the stomach, and the pyloric canal connects to the duodenum.

Notes:
Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells in an artificial medium separate from the organism. It refers to the culture of animal cells and tissues, with the more specific term plant tissue culture being used for plants. The term “tissue culture” was coined by American pathologist Montrose Thomas Burrows.

Notes:
Wilhelm Johannsen was a Danish botanist, plant physiologist, and geneticist. He is best known for coining the terms gene, phenotype and genotype, and for his 1903 “pure line” experiments in genetics.

Notes:
Birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs during the Jurassic around 165–150 million years ago. Birds aren’t just closely related to dinosaurs, they really are dinosaurs! This is what most people mean when they say that birds are reptiles, although technically according to the phylogenetic system mammals are also reptiles.

Notes:
Charles Robert Darwin gave the theory of evolution in his book “The Origin of Species”. The theory proposed by him is known as “The Theory of Natural Selection”.

Notes:
Water is passively transported into the roots and then into the xylem. The forces of cohesion and adhesion cause the water molecules to form a column in the xylem. Water moves from the xylem into the mesophyll cells, evaporates from their surfaces and leaves the plant by diffusion through the stomata.

Notes:
Dinosaurs were warm-blooded reptiles. Mammal bone study sheds light on dinosaur physiology.

Notes:
Hemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding. Rarely a new mutation may occur during early development or haemophilia may develop later in life due to antibodies forming against a clotting factor.