Biology MCQs

Notes:
Deficiency of Vitamin D can lead to a loss of bone density, which can result in osteoporosis and fractures (broken bones). In children the deficient of Vitamin D can cause rickets.

Notes:
Vitamin E is a series of organic compounds consisting of various methylated phenols. Because the vitamin activity was first identified in 1936 from a dietary fertility factor in rats, it was given the name “tocopherol” or birth carrying vitamin.
There are eight forms of Vitamin E. In general, food sources with the highest concentrations of vitamin E are vegetable oils, followed by nuts and seeds including whole grains. 

Notes:
Dr. Robert Koch was a German (Prussian) physician. In 1877 he isolated Bacillus anthracis (causative agent of Anthrax) . He also isolated Tuberculosis bacillus (Causative agent of TB) and Vibrio cholera (causative agent of Cholera). He is also known to develop Koch’s postulates, the four criteria designed to establish a causal relationship between a causative microbe and a disease. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his tuberculosis findings in 1905.

Notes:
A treatment with abscisic acid would prevent water loss from the plant leaves, by reducing transpiration, in times of low water availability.

Notes:
Biomechatronics is an applied interdisciplinary science that aims to integrate mechanical elements, electronics and parts of biological organisms. Biomechatronics includes the aspects of biology, mechanics, and electronics. It also encompasses the fields of robotics and neuroscience. The goal of this science is to make devices that interact with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems. The end result is that the devices will help with human motor control that was lost or impaired by trauma, disease or birth defects.

Notes:
Marine mammals are a diverse group of animals. They include cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises), sirenians (manatees and dugong), pinnipeds (true seals, eared seals and walrus), a few otters (the sea otter and marine otter) and the polar bear (usually grouped with the marine mammals).

Notes:
The Peepal tree uses Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis, allowing CO₂ uptake at night and oxygen release, a trait seen in some succulents and epiphytes to minimize water loss. CAM enables the Peepal to continue gas exchange during the night, unlike typical C3 or C4 plants.

Notes:
Asparagus is a stem vegetable. Seeds (maize, wheat, coffee and various nuts), fruit (tomato), leaves (lettuce, spinach, and cabbage), or roots (e.g. carrots and beets). 

Notes:
A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cells or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected or cells that are damaged in other ways.

Notes:
The dried stigmas (thread-like parts of the flower) are used to make saffron spice. It can take 75,000 saffron blossoms to produce a single pound of saffron spice. Saffron is largely cultivated and harvested by hand.