1. Which of the following protects the body against infectious disease and foreign invaders?
[A] Leukocytes
[B] Red blood cells
[C] Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
[D] Golgi apparatus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Leukocytes]
Notes:
White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders. All white blood cells are produced and derived from multipotent cells in the bone marrow known as hematopoietic stem cells.
2. Poliomyelitis known as Polio is caused by an enterovirus which causes paralysis of muscles. This virus has a particular affinity to ______?
[A] Muscle Cells
[B] Nerve Cells of Spinal Cord
[C] Nerve Cells of Brain
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Nerve Cells of Spinal Cord]
Notes:
Acute poliomyelitis is disease of anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. The virus infects and kills motor neurons in the grey matter in the ventral horn of the spinal column. Due to this, muscles of the trunk and limbs are no longer able to receive signals from the CNS, so they become weak and begin to atrophy.
3. Plants growing on marshy areas are commonly called as _____?
[A] Oxylophytes
[B] Lithophytes
[C] Helophytes
[D] Psilophytes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Helophytes]
Notes:
Helophyte are those plants which are typical of marshy or lake-edge environments, in which the perennating organ lies in soil or mud below the water level, but the aerial shoots protrude above the water for air.
4. Which of the following plant growth hormone was recognized by Japanese scientists?
[A] Auxin
[B] Gibberellins
[C] Abscisic acid
[D] Cytokinin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Gibberellins]
Notes:
Gibberellins, first recognized in 1926 by a Japanese scientist, Eiichi Kurosawa. He was studying foolish seedling disease in Rice called as bakanae
5. Late Hargobind Khorana had received Nobel Prize in physiology in 1968, for work on which among the following?
[A] Mechanisms of the action of hormones
[B] Chemical Structure of antibodies
[C] Interpretation of the genetic code
[D] Structural and functional organization of the cell
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Interpretation of the genetic code]
Notes:
Late Hargobind Khorana had received Nobel Prize in physiology in 1968, for work on interpretation of the genetic code. Har Gobind Khorana was an Indian American biochemist.
6. Which of the following is responsible for exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen in the lungs?
[A] Alveoli
[B] Pharynx
[C] Tendons
[D] Duodenum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Alveoli ]
Notes:
Alveoli are tiny sacs in our lungs. The main function of the alveoli is the exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen in the lungs.
7. Malaria can be caused by:
[A] all anopheles mosquitoes
[B] all culex mosquitoes
[C] only males Culex mosquitoes
[D] only female anopheles mosquitoes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ only female anopheles mosquitoes]
Notes:
The Plasmodium parasite that causes malaria is neither a virus nor a bacterium – it is a single-celled parasite that multiplies in red blood cells of humans as well as in the mosquito intestine. When the female mosquito feeds on an infected person, male and female forms of the parasite are ingested from human blood.
8. Which of the following glands is responsible for production of melatonin and to regulate reproductive hormones?
[A] Pineal gland
[B] Pituitary Gland
[C] Hypothalamus
[D] Adrenal Glands
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Pineal gland]
Notes:
The primary function of the Pineal gland is production of melatonin, which helps maintain circadian rhythm and regulate reproductive hormones.
9. Kernel smut and Sheath blight are two common diseases which occur due to excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer. The diseases are most commonly found in which of the following crops?
[A] Rice
[B] Potato
[C] Cotton
[D] Sugarcane
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Rice ]
Notes:
Kernel smut of rice normally is a minor disease. Damage is caused by the endosperm of the rice grain being replaced by masses of black fungal spores. Sheath blight disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. This fungus is very widespread in agricultural crops.
10. In which of the following part of the cell does the pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy?
[A] Mitochondria
[B] Chloroplast
[C] Nucleus
[D] Cytoplasm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mitochondria]
Notes:
In Mitochondria, pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy.
