Biology MCQs

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Nephrons are the basic structural and functional units of the kidneys. Each human kidney contains about 1,200,000 nephrons. Nephrons are made up of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. The renal corpuscle is the initial filtering component, and the renal tubule processes and carries away the filtered fluid.
Nephrons regulate water and soluble substances in the blood by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed, and excreting the rest as urine. This function is vital for homeostasis of blood volume, blood pressure, and plasma osmolarity.

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Fatigue is caused because of formation and depositing of Lactic acid, or lactate which is a chemical by product of anaerobic respiration which is the process by which cells produce energy without oxygen around.

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The gymnosperms, also known as Acrogymnospermae, are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes. Pinus gerardiana, known as the chilgoza pine is a king of Gymnosperm.

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contract urinary bladder is a function of Parasympathetic nerves. Sympathetic nerves relax urinary bladder.

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William Bateson was an English biologist who was the first person to use the term genetics to describe the study of heredity. He is considered as the father of Modern Genetics.

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Apomixis is reproduction where only one parent passes genes to the offspring. Apomictically produced offspring are genetically identical to the parent (clones). The method is most seen in plants, especially flowering plants. Brambles (blackberry) are apomictic. Some authorities give “reproduction by special tissues without fertilisation”, or “asexual formation of a seed from the maternal tissues of the ovule, avoiding meiosis and fertilization, leading to embryo development”. (Wikipedia Simple)

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Mesonephros is permanent kidney of frog and most fish, developing posterior to and replacing the pronephros of the embryonic and larval stages. It is a paired organ consisting of a set of nephrons having capsules that filter blood from the glomerulus and tubules whose cells reabsorb water and nutrients and secrete nitrogenous wastes.

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Human skin can make large amounts of vitamin D when lots of skin is exposed and the sun is high in the sky. Your body is designed to get the vitamin D it needs by producing it when your bare skin is exposed to sunlight.

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A neuron or nerve cell is a cell that carries electrical impulses. Neurons are the basic units of the nervous system. Every neuron is made of a cell body (also called a soma), dendrites and an axon. Dendrites and axons are nerve fibers. It is the longest cell of human body.

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Mycoplasma are a mollicute genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall around their cell membranes. Mycoplasma species are the smallest bacterial cells yet discovered, can survive without oxygen, and come in various shapes.