Biology MCQs

Notes:
Blood Pressure is expressed in two numbers. The higher number is known as Systolic Pressure, or the amount of force (as measured in millimetres of mercury) that is exerted against the artery walls during a heartbeat (contraction). The lower number in the Diastolic pressure, which does the force exist while the heart is resting between beats.

Notes:
Tartaric acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes, bananas, and tamarind. Tartaric acid is used in several food products for its sour taste and antioxidant properties. It has a very sour taste and is a key raw material for making wine, where it plays a vital role in maintaining the color, taste, and texture of the product.

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Polycythaemia is a disease related to Red Blood Cells. It refers to an increase in the number of red blood cells in the body which cause the blood to be thicker, and this, in turn, increases the risk of other health issues, such as blood clots.

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A chloroplast without cell wall is protoplast. Chloroplasts are organelles that perform photosynthesis. The photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight, converts it, and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing oxygen from water in plant and algal cells.

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Alec Jeffreys scientists is known for developing techniques for DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling which are now used all over the world in forensic science to assist police detective work.

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Mulethi is powdered liquorice root and is an effective expectorant used since ancient times in Ayurvedic medicines. Its is also used in Jastimadhu which is a tooth powder. many cough syrups today contain Liquorice as an ingredient. It is also used in mouth ulcers and peptic ulcers.

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The Red color of Red wine is mainly because of pigments such as anthocyanin. Anthocyanin is present in many fruits like plums, blueberries, and cherries.

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The insect “Apis mellifera” is commonly known as the honey bee. The Western honey bee is the most common of the 7–12 species of honey bees worldwide. The genus name “Apis” is Latin for “bee”, and “mellifera” is Latin for “honey-bearing” or “honey carrying”.  Honey bees are known for their role in pollination. They were domesticated for honey production and crop pollination. Honey bees produce honey, wax, propolis, and royal jelly.  Honey bees are red/brown with black bands and orange yellow rings on their abdomen. They have hair on their thorax and less hair on their abdomen. The workers and queens have stingers, whereas the drones are stingless.

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The higher the classification category, the more inclusive it is. Here phylum is highest so is most inclusive.

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The full form of DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the development and function of all living organisms and some viruses. It is a double-stranded, helical molecule made up of nucleotide units, each of which contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine). The sequence of these bases determines the genetic information that is stored in DNA, and this information is passed down from one generation to the next through the process of reproduction.