1. Which among the following organs open in small intestine through Pylorus?
[A] Stomach
[B] Liver
[C] Pancreas
[D] All the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Stomach]
Notes:
The pylorus is the furthest part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided into two parts, the antrum and the pyloric canal. The antrum connects to the body of the stomach, and the pyloric canal connects to the duodenum.
2. Lac is the scarlet resinous secretion from ________?
[A] Herbs
[B] Trees
[C] Bark
[D] insects
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [insects]
Notes:
Lac is the scarlet resinous secretion from insects. It is secreted by a number of a number of species of lac insects, of which the most commonly cultivated is Kerria lacca. The farmer gets a stick that contains eggs ready to hatch and ties it to the tree to be infested.
3. Which among the following is / are correct regarding a mature sperm and ovum?
[A] They both are of approximately same size
[B] They both have equal number of Chromosomes
[C] They both contain flagella
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [They both have equal number of Chromosomes]
Notes:
The number of chromosomes is reduced from 46 (23 pairs) to 23 during the process of meiosis. In a human egg or sperm, there are 23 chromosomes, one of which is an X or Y. A human egg is haploid (has 23 chromosomes) and a sperm is haploid (has 23 chromosomes).
4. Which among the following element in the human body / organ makes the main basis of working of the MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging)?
[A] Nitrogen
[B] Hydrogen
[C] Calcium
[D] Sodium
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Hydrogen]
Notes:
Hydrogen in the human body / organ makes the main basis of working of the MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging). It is a medical imaging technique which is used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body.
5. Who among the following first synthesized “gene” in a laboratory ?
[A] Arthur kornberg
[B] Hargobind Khorana
[C] Gregor Mendel
[D] Watson and crick
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Hargobind Khorana]
Notes:
Hargobind Khorana first synthesized “gene” in a laboratory. Hargobind Khorana was an Indian American biochemist who shared the 1968 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W.
6. Why does running up stairs make a person feel more tired than walking?
[A] He does more work when running than walking
[B] His power output is greater when running than walking
[C] His gravitational force is greater when running
[D] He has more inertia when running than walking
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [His power output is greater when running than walking]
Notes:
Running up stairs requires the same work but in less time, increasing power output. Higher power leads to more rapid energy use, causing greater fatigue. Work (energy) is force times distance, but power is work divided by time, which is higher when running.
7. A cell increases in volume when it is placed in which of the following?
[A] Hypotonic solution
[B] Isotonic solution
[C] Hypertonic solution
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Hypotonic solution]
Notes:
Hypotonic solution is hypotonic to a cell if it has a lower solute concentration than the cell does. Osmosis draws water out of the solution and into the cells. As a result, plant and animal cells both appear more plump when placed in a hypotonic solution.
8. Which one of the following approaches comes under the category of biotechnology? (UPSC Prelims 1993)
[A] Use of living organisms or substances obtained from them in industrial processes
[B] Modernizing the commercial industries to produce products for use in biological research
[C] Use of modern technology to investigate biological disorders
[D] Use of industrial technology to increase the biosphere
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Use of living organisms or substances obtained from them in industrial processes]
Notes:
The biotechnology industry uses bacterial cells for the production of biological substances that are useful to human existence, including fuels, foods, medicines, hormones, enzymes, proteins, and nucleic acids. Another area of biotechnology involves improvement of the qualities of plants through genetic engineering.
9. Which of the following defines an Antigen? (UPSC Prelims 2001)
[A] destroys harmful bacteria
[B] is used to treat poisoning
[C] lowers body-temperature
[D] stimulates formation of antibody
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [stimulates formation of antibody]
Notes:
An antigen is any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it. An antigen may be a substance from the environment, such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or pollen. An antigen may also form inside the body.
10. With reference to the blood in a normal person, which one of the following statements is correct? (UPSC Prelims 2002)
[A] Compared to arteries, veins are less numerous and hold less of the body’s blood at any given time
[B] Blood cells constitute about 70 per cent of the total volume of the blood
[C] White Blood Cells (WBC) are made by lymph nodes only
[D] The blood has more platelets than WBC
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [The blood has more platelets than WBC]
Notes:
Blood has more platelets than corpuscles. A microlitre of blood contains 5,000-10,000 of White blood cells (WBC) and 150,000-500,000 platelets.
