1. Effective TB treatment is difficult because of the unusual structure and chemical composition of the which among the following parts of the cells of Tuberculosis Bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)?
[A] Cell membrane
[B] Cell wall
[C] Nucleus
[D] Plasama
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Cell wall]
Notes:
TB is bacterial disease caused by “Mycobacterium tuberculosis” bacteria that most often affect the lungs. The disease is spread from person to person through the air. It commonly affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. It is the second biggest killer disease worldwide next only to HIV/AIDS. It can be completely cured with proper and regular medication
2. Which among the following glands secrets Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone?
[A] Adrenal
[B] pancreas
[C] pituatry
[D] Thyriod
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [pituatry]
Notes:
The pituitary gland or hypophysis is located in one of the bones at the base of the skull. It has two portions viz. anterior hypophysis and posterior hypophysis.
The anterior part produces two hormones that work directly viz. growth hormone (GH) and prolactin; and four tropic hormones {tropic hormones regulate the other endocrine glands} viz. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
The posterior part releases two hormones produced in the hypothalamus viz. oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH or vasopressin).
3. Who among the following were awarded Nobel Prize in 1958 for One Gene One Enzyme Concept?
[A] Landsteiner & Weiner
[B] Avery, Mccleod and mc Carthy
[C] Jacob & Wollman
[D] George Beadle and Edward Tatum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [George Beadle and Edward Tatum]
Notes:
George W. Beadle (1903-1989) and Edward L. Tatum (1909-1975) show how genes direct the synthesis of enzymes that control metabolic processes. George Beadle and Edward Tatum were awarded Nobel Prize in 1958 for One Gene One Enzyme Concept.
4. Which among the following correctly refers to Ischemia?
[A] restriction in blood supply due to factors in the blood vessels
[B] Abrupt fall in the blood Pressure
[C] necrosis in a blood vessel due to a local lack of oxygen
[D] condition of severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [restriction in blood supply due to factors in the blood vessels]
Notes:
Restriction in blood supply due to factors in the blood vessels refers to Ischemia. Ischemia can have causes that aren’t due to underlying disease some of which include extreme exercise, cold exposure or tourniquet.
5. Which among the following acid is NOT a Vitamin ?
[A] Folic Acid
[B] Oleic Acid
[C] Pantothenic Acid
[D] Ascorbic Acid
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Oleic Acid]
Notes:
Oleic Acid is not a vitamin. It is a fatty acid which occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils. It is an odorless, colorless oil, however commercial samples may be yellowish.
6. BT Seed is associated with which among the following?
[A] Rice
[B] Wheat
[C] Cotton
[D] Oil Seeds
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Cotton]
Notes:
The cotton incorporated the cry1Ac gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), making the cotton toxic to bollworms. It is a cheaper alternative to Bt cotton hybrid seed.
7. BCG vaccination is to be given to a new born child after what time? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] Immediately after birth
[B] Within 48 hours
[C] Within seven days
[D] Within six months
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Immediately after birth]
Notes:
Bacillus Calmette Guérin or BCG is usually given around birth to prevent severe TB in infants. The neonatal immune system is immature. Delaying BCG vaccination from birth to 10 weeks of age would enhance the vaccine-induced immune response. The BCG vaccine is an injection given to children who have a higher risk of catching TB. The BCG vaccine helps your child’s immune system fight the germs that cause TB and helps stop them from getting serious TB disease.
8. Turmeric is obtained from which part of the plant? (UPSC Prelims 1983)
[A] Fruit
[B] Stem
[C] Root
[D] Flower
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Stem]
Notes:
Turmeric is the rhizome or underground stem of a ginger-like plant. It is usually available under ground, as a bright yellow, fine powder.
9. The messages received by and transmitted from the brain to the various parts of the body take the form of which of the following impulses? (UPSC Prelims 1983)
[A] Nervous impulses
[B] Chemical impulses
[C] Mechanical impulses
[D] Automatic impulses
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Nervous impulses]
Notes:
The message to the brain form any body part takes the form of nervous impulses. Nerve impulses are mostly electrical signals along the dendrites to produce a nerve impulse or action potential. The action potential is the result of ions moving in and out of the cell.
10. Which of the following is the name given to the Inspection and dissection of a body after death in human beings as for determination of cause of death? (UPSC Prelims 1988)
[A] Autopsy
[B] Autotomy
[C] Autoesism
[D] Autograft
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Autopsy]
Notes:
An autopsy is a surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause, mode and manner of death or to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present for research or educational purposes.
