Biology MCQs

Notes:
Glucose is stored in the body as glycogen. The liver stores glucose in the form of glycogen which is released when it is needed. Also, fat can be converted into glucose when needed. Only the glycogen stored in the liver can be made accessible to other organs.

Notes:
Vitamin A is a fat soluble vitamin that plays a critical role in maintaining healthy vision, neurological function. Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, which is converted to Vitamin A in the body. Carrots are a good source of several other vitamins and minerals, especially biotin, vitamin K (phylloquinone), potassium and Vitamin B6.

Notes:
HIV’s enzyme for inserting the DNA version of its genome into the host cell DNA is called its “integrase”. HIV-1 integrase catalyzes the “cut-and-paste” action of clipping the host DNA and joining the proviral genome to the clipped ends. It is also produced by viruses containing double-stranded DNAs for the same purpose.

Notes:
A type of helicase enzyme called DNA helicase catalyzes the unwinding of the DNA helix at the time of replication. It uses the energy released through hydrolysis of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) to break the hydrogen bonds between the two strands. The enzyme is needed to separate the two strands of DNA also during transcription and DNA repair. Topoisomerase prevents rewinding of strands after halicase action.

Notes:
Rickets is the softening and weakening of bones in children, usually because of an extreme and prolonged vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is needed for the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the body, which, in turn affects how calcium is deposited in the bones; thus it is considered essential for proper bone development and growth.

Notes:
Plants have only three tissue types : dermal; ground; and vascular. Dermal tissue covers the outer surface of herbaceous plants and is composed of epidermal cells. The ground tissue, such as Parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma, comprises the bulk of the primary plant body. cells are common in the ground tissue. Vascular tissue such as xylem and phloem transports food, water, hormones and minerals within the plant.

Notes:
The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that releases growth hormones (GH) for different cells of the body. The most well-known effect in children is to increase height. In adults and children, it helps to control the amount of muscle and fat in the body. It also helps to heal injuries and it promotes the immune system.

Notes:
The butterfly and moth develop through a process called metamorphosis. All butterflies have “complete metamorphosis.” To grow into an adult they go through 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.

Notes:
A neuron is a cell that carries electrical impulses. Neurons are the basic units of the brain and nervous system. They are responsible for receiving sensory input from the external world, for sending motor commands to our muscles, and for transforming and relaying the electrical signals at every step in between.

Notes:
Hydra are simple invertebrates, with two layers of body cells. They live in fresh water. Their body is radially symmetric. They have a central cavity through which they take in food and expel waste.