Biology MCQs

Notes:
The small intestine, the part of the gastrointestinal tract between the stomach and the large intestine, is the main digester and absorber of food. The small intestine has three distinct regions – the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum–that carry out the absorption of nutrients and minerals from food. It converts the food into a semi-solid mass.

Notes:
Blood is a fluid connective tissue. It has two components: cells and fluid matrix in which it is embedded. The liquid matrix is known as the plasma, in which blood cells are present. Blood travels all around the body in specialized blood vessels.

Notes:
Vitamin C or ascorbic acid is an essential dietary nutrient. Scurvy is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C. Citrus Fruits are the best source of Vitamin C. After several months of deficiency, a range of symptoms and signs can occur, including anemia, myalgia, bone pain, easy bruising, swelling, petechiae, gum disease, poor wound healing, and depression. Late stages of scurvy are life threatening.

Notes:
In eukaryotic (with nucleus) cells, the vast majority of DNA is found in the nucleus as discrete bodies called chromosomes. The exception to this being the small amount of DNA found in organdies outside the nucleus (mitochondria and chloroplasts). In human cells, more than 99% of the total DNA is nuclear genomic DNA and the remainder mitochondrial.

Notes:
The normal core body temperature of a healthy, resting adult human being is stated to be at 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit or 37.0 degrees Celsius. Though the body temperature measured in an individual can vary, a healthy human body maintains a fairly consistent body temperature that is around the mark of 37.0 degrees Celsius.

Notes:
The seed includes three primary regions: the embryo, nutritive tissue, and seed coat. Endosperm is a nutritive tissue that sustains the embryo and seedling. The endosperm may be consumed by the embryo, as in many legumes, which use the cotyledons as a food source during germination.

Notes:
Carbohydrates are the main and quick energy source for human beings. Simple carbohydrates (like sugar-sweetened beverages) are digested quickly and send immediate bursts of glucose (energy) into the blood stream. Complex carbohydrates are digested more slowly and supply a lower steadier release of glucose into the blood stream.

Notes:
Test tube baby is born from in vitro fertilization. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process by which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body: in vitro. When a woman’s natural cycle is monitored to collect a naturally selected ovum (egg) for fertilization, it is known as natural cycle IVF. The fertilized egg (zygote) is then transferred to the patient’s uterus with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy.

Notes:
Urobilin or urochrome is the chemical primarily responsible for the yellow color of urine. It is a linear tetrapyrrole compound that along with the related compound urobilinogen, are degradation products of the cyclic tetrapyrrole heme.

Notes:
The interaction between sea anemones and clownfish is an example of commensalism. In this type of interaction, one organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. In this case, the clownfish gets protection from predators by living among the tentacles of the sea anemone. The sea anemone does not appear to derive any benefit from hosting the clownfish.
The interaction between sea anemones and clownfish is also an example of mutualism. In mutualism, both partners benefit. In this case, the clownfish provides the anemone’s algae with nutrients.