Indian Geography MCQs

Notes:
The Pir Panjal ranges lie in the Inner Himalayan region, running from east southeast to west northwest across the states of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir in India as well as Pakistan Administered Kashmir in Pakistan, where the average elevation varies from 1,400 m to 4,100 m .

Notes:
India has 15,106.7 Km of land border and a coastline of 7,516.6 Km including island territories. India shares land borders with seven neighboring countries viz. Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan and Afghanistan. We note here that since India claims all of Kashmir including PoK, India technically considers itself to have a 106 km border with Afghanistan. However, in fact, this border passes through Pakistan-controlled Gilgit-Baltistan in Kashmir and the Wakhan Corridor on the Afghan side. The borders length of India with neighboring countries as per Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India is as follows:

Name of the country	Length of the border (in Km)
Bangladesh	4,096.7
China	3,488
Pakistan	3,323
Nepal	1,751
Myanmar	1,643
Bhutan	699
Afghanistan	106
Total	15,106.7

Notes:
The Sirhind Canal is an irrigation canal that carries water from the Sutlej River in Punjab; and is one of the oldest and biggest irrigation works in the Indus river system, inaugurated in 1882.

Notes:
The Satpura Range, concurrently with the Vindhya Range, divides the Indian Subcontinent into the Indo-Gangetic plain and the Deccan Plateau. It originates in eastern Gujarat, running through Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh to Chhattisgarh. It is interesting to note that the Narmada River originates from Satpura’s north-eastern end and the Tapti River from its eastern-central part. Both rivers, in their journey towards the Arabian Sea, drain the northern and southern slopes of the Satpura and Vindhyan ranges respectively. Moreover, Satpura Range’s peak, Mount Dhupgarh or Dhoopgarh, is the highest point in Madhya Pradesh.

Notes:
India’s first rail coach factory built under a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model is located in Palakkad, Kerala. Established in 2014, it aims to enhance the production of railway coaches and improve efficiency. The factory is part of India’s broader initiative to modernize its railway infrastructure and boost local manufacturing under the “Make in India” campaign.

Notes:
Odisha was the pioneer state to introduce the “Oak Tussar Industry,” which is related to silk production from oak tasar silkworms. The wild silk derived from these silkworms is often regarded for its rich texture and natural gold colour. Today, Odisha remains a major producer of tasar silk, playing an essential role in India’s sericulture industry and contributing to the local economy.

Notes:
Baba Budan Hills in the Chikmagalur district of Karnataka are famous for iron ore mining. The hills are also known for their extensive coffee plantations.
The Baba Budan Hills are located in the Chikmagalur district of Karnataka. The highest peak in the hills is Mullayanagiri, which is 1930 meters tall. The hills are also home to the Visvesvaraiya Iron and Steel Works.
The Baba Budan Hills are also known for their extensive coffee plantations. The Sufi saint Baba Budan is believed to have started the plantations by smuggling coffee out of Mocha, Yemen.

Notes:
Dharwar Rock System is special because it is the first metamorphic sedimentary rock in India. They are named Dharwar system because they were first studied in Dharwar region of Karnataka. But they are also found in the Aravallis, Tamil Nadu, Chotanagpur plateau, Meghalaya, Delhi, and the Himalayas region. Out of these, Chota Nagpur plateau is called the storehouse of minerals since it is rich in minerals such as mica, bauxite, copper, iron ore, etc.

Notes:
Port Pipavav, the first private sector port in India, is located in Gujarat. Established in 1997, it was developed by the APM Terminals and is strategically positioned on the west coast, facilitating trade and shipping activities. Gujarat is known for its extensive coastline and important port infrastructure, making it a key player in India’s maritime trade.

Notes:
Diphu Pass is a mountain pass at the tripoint borders of India, China, and Myanmar. It is located in Arunachal Pradesh on McMahon Line.