General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

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Typhoid is a common worldwide bacterial disease transmitted by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person, which contain the bacterium Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, serovar Typhi.

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During hibernation in winter, toads or frogs spend the time tucked away deep in the soil, in the mud underwater or hidden amidst foliage or rotting plants. Outside of times of hibernation, they usually take in oxygen via the air, employing their lungs. However, during hibernation, they receive their necessary oxygen through their permeable skin. This is referred to as cutaneous gas exchange.

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African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is a disease spread by an infected tsetse fly, found in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa.The vast majority of human cases result from the transfer of T. brucei trypanosomes by tsetse flies as they suck human blood. Sleeping sickness is caused by two different parasites, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.

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Connective tissue is a group of tissues in the body that maintain the form of the body and its organs and provide cohesion and internal support. Bone, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and adipose (fat) tissue are examples of connective tissue. Cardiac muscle is an example of muscle tissue. It is so named because it is found in the heart.

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Vitamin C is quite unstable when cooked or stored improperly. It is very liable and easily destroyed during cooking as well as storage. It is a water-soluble and temperature-sensitive vitamin, so is easily degraded during cooking, and elevated temperatures and long cooking times have been found to cause particularly severe losses of vitamin C.

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The small intestine, the part of the gastrointestinal tract between the stomach and the large intestine, is the main digester and absorber of food. The small intestine has three distinct regions – the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum–that carry out the absorption of nutrients and minerals from food. It converts the food into a semi-solid mass.

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Animals, such as mammals and birds, that maintain a constant body temperature regardless of the temperature of the surroundings are called warm blooded. These include birds and mammals. Whales are aquatic mammals hence, being mammal, they are warm blooded. The have a thick layer of fats called blubber underneath their skin to maintain temperature even in cold water of oceans.

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According to the Red list of 2012, Ganges River Dolphin is one of critically endangered species in India. Endangered species in India comprise large varieties of rare species of wild animals, aquatic animals and insects.

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There are several hormones in females which are naturally produced and secreted by the glands of the endocrine system. Among them, estrogen, and progesterone are secreted for the influence on a woman’s reproductive health and are termed as female sex hormones. Estrogen and progesterone are made by the ovaries.

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The process of breaking down large molecules into simpler one in the presence of enzyme is called fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation is a complex biochemical process during which yeasts convert sugars to ethanol, carbon dioxide, and other metabolic byproducts that contribute to the chemical composition and sensorial properties of the fermented foodstuffs.