General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

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Pituitary gland only acts pure endocrine gland secreting only hormones. The three others i.e. pancreas and gonads secrete extra cellular enzymes and factors too like gametes by gonads.

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The human brain is divided into three parts : The brainstem which has the pons, the midbrain, and the medulla oblongata. The cerebellum which forms the hindbrain along with the brainstem and is located below the cerebrum. The cerebrum which is the largest section of the brain, is divided into two hemispheres (the left and the right) each of which has four lobes: the frontal, the temporal, the parietal, and the occipital.

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Red rot is one of the oldest known diseases of sugarcane that is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum falcatum (Glomerella tucumanensis). It is characterized by interrupted red and white patches within the cane along with a sour alcoholic odour when the cane is split open.

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The platypus, also known as the duck-billed platypus, is a semiaquatic egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania. Together with the four species of echidna, it is one of the five extant species of monotremes, the only mammals that lay eggs instead of giving birth.

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Fungi cannot make their own food like plants can, since they do not have chloroplasts and cannot carry out?photosynthesis. Fungi are more like animals because they are?heterotrophs,?as opposed to autotrophs, like plants, that make their own food. Fungi have to obtain their food, nutrients and glucose, from outside sources.

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Nickel allergy is one of the most common causes of contact allergic dermatitis. In affected individuals, dermatitis (also called eczema) develops in places where nickel-containing metal is touching the skin. The most common sites for nickel dermatitis are the earlobes (from earrings), the wrists (from a watch strap) and the lower abdomen (from a jeans stud).

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All citrus fruits (orange, grapefruit, lime, and lemon) are excellent sources of vitamin C. Oranges contain the most vitamin C per gram. Lemons are regarded by most nutritionists as containing the second- highest amount of vitamin C per gram of fruit. Lemons contain about 40 milligrams of vitamin C per 100 grams of flesh.

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Blue whales are the largest animals ever known to have lived on Earth. These magnificent marine mammals rule the oceans at up to 100 feet (30 meters) long and upwards of 200 tons (181 metric tons). Their tongues alone can weigh as much as an elephant. Their hearts, as much as an automobile. Blue whales reach these mind-boggling dimensions on a diet composed nearly exclusively of tiny shrimplike animals called krill. During certain times of the year, a single adult blue whale consumes about 4 tons (3.6 metric tons) of krill a day.

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Small intestine is the longest part of the alimentary canal because it is the main organ of absorption and digestion of food. The surface area of the small intestine gets increased because of the presence of villi which gives food plenty of time to break down properly.

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Certain plants which possess the C4 dicarboxylic acid pathway of CO2 fixations show a structural dimorphism of chloroplast structure. Sugarcane is a common example of C4 plant that has dimorphic chloroplast. The mesophyll cells possess chloroplasts with well developed grana whereas the bundle sheath chloroplasts lack the organization of grana (Agranal chloroplasts). The malic acid is transported to the bundle sheath chloroplast (Transportations). Here it is converted to pyruvic acid and CO 2 by NADP+ malic enzyme (Decarboxylation). The pyruvic acid is then transported to mesophyll chloroplasts (Transportation).