General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
To prepare the cotton fabric for dyeing, printing and finishing process, scouring and bleaching is the fundamental step. After scouring and bleaching, cotton is 99% cellulose. Cellulose is a macromolecule- a polymer made up of a long chain of glucose molecules linked by C-1 to C-4 oxygen bridges with elimination of water (glycoside bonds).

Notes:
There are two regions of endoplasmic reticulum that differ in both structure and function. One region is called rough ER because it has ribosomes attached to the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. The other region is called smooth ER because it lacks attached ribosomes.

Notes:
Antibiotics are medicines used to treat a wide variety of infections or diseases caused by bacteria, such as respiratory tract infections (eg, pneumonia and whooping cough), urinary tract infections, skin infections and infected wounds. Antibiotics work by blocking vital processes in bacteria, killing the bacteria or stopping them from multiplying.

Notes:
The foramen magnum (“great hole”) is a large opening in the occipital bone of the cranium. It is one of the circular apertures in the base of the skull (the foramina), through which the spinal cord (an extension of the medulla oblongata) enters and exits the skull vault.

Notes:
The scientific name of peacock is Pavo Cristatus. It is also known as the Indian blue peafowl, common peafowl, blue peafowl, and blue Indian peafowl. It is a large and brightly coloured bird, is a species of peafowl native to the Indian subcontinent, but introduced in many other parts of the world.

Notes:
The spleen is not an endocrine gland. This is because the spleen is not capable of aiding in the regulation of the hormone levels in the human body.

Notes:
Bird and snake excretory product is uric acid. Nitrogenous waste is excreted in form of ammonia. In birds and reptiles, uric acid is the major end-product of protein metabolism. It is produced by the liver and excreted by kidney tubules; impaired elimination is an indication of renal disease.

Notes:
August Wilhelm Eichler, German botanist who developed one of the first widely used natural systems of plant classification. Eichler’s system of plant classification, developed in 1886, eventually won worldwide acceptance. He divided the plant kingdom into four divisions: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, and Spermatophyta.

Notes:
The glomerulus functions as an excretory organ in hemichordates. Soluble wastes are collected from the blood by the glomerulus, lying within the proboscis cavity, and excreted from that cavity through a dorsal pore (an opening on the upper side) to the outside.

Notes:
Alveoli are an important part of the respiratory system whose function it is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules to and from the bloodstream. These tiny, balloon-shaped air sacs sit at the very end of the respiratory tree and are arranged in clusters throughout the lungs. Alveoli are tiny balloon shaped structures and are the smallest passageway in the respiratory system.