General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy to chemical energy and storing it in the bonds of carbohydrates (sugar). The main product of photosynthesis is glucose, which is the molecule that produces energy to run the processes of the cell. Oxygen is mainly a byproduct of the process of photosynthesis.
6H2O (water) + 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) = C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 (oxygen)

Notes:
The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine.

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Rhizobia are soil bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside root nodules of legumes. They are the only nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in a symbiotic relationship with legumes. Common crop and forage legumes are peas, beans, clover, and soy.

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Measles is an infectious disease caused by the rubeola virus. It is transmitted via droplets from the nose, mouth or throat of infected persons. It remains an important cause of death among young children globally, despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine.

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Cod liver oil is the oil extracted from the livers of Atlantic cod. It is commonly taken as a dietary supplement and is packed full of nutrients. It is one of the best sources of omega 3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA), and it contains relatively high amounts of vitamin A and vitamin D. It is a vital nutrient for immune system function, cellular growth, eye health, and reproduction. It decreases blood clot formation and reduce inflammation in the body.

Notes:
The liver produces urea and other waste materials and then it pours it all in the right ventricle of the heart for oxygenation. The heart then distributes the blood to various parts of the body. So the impure blood brought by the Hepatic Vein and other blood vessels gets distributed through the aorta. This clearly indicates that hepatic vein from kidneys carries the largest amount of urea, while the renal vein from kidneys carries the least.

Notes:
A fern is any one of a group of about 20,000 species of plants classified in the phylum or division Pteridophyta, also known as Filicophyta. Fern ally is a general term covering a somewhat diverse group of vascular plants that are not flowering plants (angiosperms) and not true ferns. Like ferns, these plants reproduce by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations. Both Ferns and fern allies belong to Pteridophytes.

Notes:
True berries, such as blueberries and cranberries have seeds inside. The strawberry, however has its dry, yellow “seeds” on the outside (each of which is actually considered a separate fruit). The “seeds” seen on the outside of a strawberry are actually the plant’s ovaries and are called “achnes.”

Notes:
An insectivorous plant, also called a carnivorous plant, captures prey items, such as insects, spiders, crustaceans, mites, and protozoans, as a nitrogen source. Aldrovanda, Dionaea, Drosera, Drosophyllum, etc are some of them under the Droseraceae family.

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Detoxification is the physiological or medicinal removal of toxic substances from a living organism which is mainly carried out by the liver. It breaks down or transforms substances like ammonia, metabolic waste, drugs, alcohol and chemicals, so that they can be excreted. The liver filter is designed to remove toxic matter such as dead cells, microorganisms, chemicals, drugs and particulate debris from the bloodstream.