General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Dysentery is an intestinal infection that causes severe diarrhea with blood. Bacterial dysentery is caused by infection with bacteria from Shigella, Campylobacter, Salmonella, or enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Diarrhea from Shigella is also known as shigellosis. Shigellosis and amebic dysentery typically result from poor sanitation.

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The cerebellum is known as little brain. It is a region of the brain that plays an important role in motor control. i.e. in maintaining and coordinating body posture at different times of the day/night.

Notes:
• Green revolution- Crop production
• Golden revolution- Honey /Tomato production.
• Blue revolution- Fish production
• Silver revolution- Egg production
• White revolution Milk production or Operation flood

Notes:
There are three types of heterotrophs: herbivores, carnivores and omnivores. Also referred to as consumers, heterotrophs are organisms that obtain their energy from organic compounds. In other words, they are organisms that are unable to produce their own food (unlike autotrophs) and therefore have to consume/ ingest organic compounds as a source of energy.

Notes:
Adamsia (Sea anemone), Pennatula (Sea-pen) are examples of Anthozoa Class under Coelenterata Phylum. The organism under this phylum are mostly marine, solitary or colonial, sessile, or free-swimming and radially symmetrical animals. Other examples of Anthozoa class are Meandrina (brain-coral), Fungia, Gorgonia (sea fan or horny coral), etc.

Notes:
Dengue virus is the cause of dengue fever. Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the species Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, Ae. albopictus. This mosquito also transmits chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika infection. Dengue is widespread throughout the tropics, with local variations in risk influenced by rainfall, temperature and unplanned rapid urbanization.

Notes:
The Cell theory, first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that cells are the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are called the ‘Building Blocks of Life’ or the ‘Basic units of Life’.

Notes:
Breathing is the process in which air moves in and out of the lungs with the help of various respiratory organs. The process of taking in air rich in oxygen is called inhalation. Similarly, the process of giving out air rich in carbon dioxide is called exhalation. When we inhale, the ribs move up and outwards while the diaphragm moves down. An exact opposite movement occurs during exhalation when the ribs move down and inwards while the diaphragm moves up.

Notes:
There are two types of squamous epithelium— simple squamous epithelium and stratified squamous epithelium. Simple squamous epithelium lines the blood vessels or alveoli in lungs. where transportation of substances occurs through selectively permeable membrane. It is made up of extremely thin and simple flat cells that form a delicate lining.

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The bee hummingbird, also known as Helena hummingbird, is a species of hummingbird which is the world’s smallest bird. Females weigh 2.6 g and are 6.1 cm long, and are slightly larger than males, with an average weight of 1.95 g and length of 5.5 cm. As its name suggests, it is scarcely larger than a bee. It is endemic to Cuba and the Isla de la Juventud.