General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Blue whales are the largest animals ever known to have lived on Earth. These magnificent marine mammals rule the oceans at up to 100 feet (30 meters) long and upwards of 200 tons (181 metric tons). Their tongues alone can weigh as much as an elephant. Their hearts, as much as an automobile. Blue whales reach these mind-boggling dimensions on a diet composed nearly exclusively of tiny shrimplike animals called krill. During certain times of the year, a single adult blue whale consumes about 4 tons (3.6 metric tons) of krill a day.

Notes:
Brailing is the practice of preventing a bird from flying by tying the wing so that it is impossible for the bird to open wings fully and fly. The brail is a clear plastic strap, fastened by rivets, which will be used to restrain his wing. Brailing the birds helps prevent injuries during shipment.

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Compound eyes are found among the arthropods and are composed of many simple eye sets called ommatids. These may give either a single pixelated image or multiple images, per eye. Each sensor has its own lens and photosensitive cells. Some eyes have up to 28,000 such sensors, which are arranged hexagonally give a full 360° field of vision. Compound eyes are very sensitive to motion. With each eye viewing a different thing, a fused image from all the eyes is produced in the brain, providing very different, high resolution images.

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For keeping the stomata open a constant expenditure of energy is required. This is required for conversion of starch to sugar. The stomatal opening is, in turn, related to transpiration which is the evaporation of water from plants. It occurs chiefly at the leaves while their stomata are open for the passage of CO2 and O2 during photosynthesis.

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Early blight and late blight are two serious diseases of potato and tomato. Early blight of potato is caused by the fungus, Alternaria solani. The pathogen produces distinctive “bulls-eye” patterned leaf spots and can cause tuber blight on potato. This disease, also known as target spot, rarely affects young, vigorously growing plants. It is found on older leaves first.

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Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in muscle force generated over sustained periods of activity. Intracellular acidosis due mainly to lactic acid accumulation has been regarded as the most important cause of skeletal muscle fatigue. Lactic acid accumulation leads to increased intracellular hydrogen ion (H+) concentration that leads to a weaker contraction.

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To prepare the cotton fabric for dyeing, printing and finishing process, scouring and bleaching is the fundamental step. After scouring and bleaching, cotton is 99% cellulose. Cellulose is a macromolecule- a polymer made up of a long chain of glucose molecules linked by C-1 to C-4 oxygen bridges with elimination of water (glycoside bonds).

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Bulbs are modified stems of some plants. The stem is modified to be a storage organ where the plant stores its reserve materials which it would use in times of need. It has a modified flower bud or other growth point that is surrounded by modified, fleshy leaves that are referred to as scales. Onion is the best example of bulb.

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Iodoform is the organoiodine compound with the formula CHI3. A pale yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, it has a penetrating odor and, analogous to chloroform, sweetish taste. It is occasionally used as a disinfectant. Adolf Hitler’s mother, Klara Hitler, died of iodoform poisoning brought on by her treatment for breast cancer.

Notes:
The sigmoid colon is the last section of the bowel — the part that attaches to the rectum. It’s about a foot and a half long (around 40 centimeters) and is shaped like the letter “s.” The sigmoid colon is a short curving of the colon, just before the rectum. It is part of the large intestine.