General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Some plants have the stem branching out near the base. The stem is hard but not thick. Such plants are called shrubs. Eg: Rose plant. Shrubs have persistent woody stems above the field, unlike herbaceous plants. Shrubs may be evergreen or deciduous. By their numerous stems and shorter height, less than 6 m-10 m long, they are distinguished from trees.

Notes:
A vein is an elastic blood vessel that transports blood from various regions of the body to the heart. Veins are components of the cardiovascular system, which circulates blood to provide nutrients to the cells of the body. Veins can be categorized into four main types: pulmonary, systemic, superficial, and deep veins.

Notes:
Vitamin K refers to a group of fat-soluble vitamins that play a role in blood clotting, bone metabolism, and regulating blood calcium levels. The body needs vitamin K to produce prothrombin, a protein and clotting factor that is important in blood clotting and bone metabolism.

Notes:
R.H. Whittaker (1969) proposed a Five Kingdom Classification: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The main criteria for classification used by him include cell structure, thallus organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships.

Notes:
The sigmoid colon is the last section of the bowel — the part that attaches to the rectum. It’s about a foot and a half long (around 40 centimeters) and is shaped like the letter “s.” The sigmoid colon is a short curving of the colon, just before the rectum. It is part of the large intestine.

Notes:
The skin is the human body’s largest organ, colonized by a diverse milieu of microorganisms, most of which are harmless or even beneficial to their host. The skin may get infected by Protozoa, Bacteria and Virus.

Notes:
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. The virus is transmitted by person-to-person spread mainly through the faecal-oral route or, less frequently, by a common vehicle (e.g. contaminated water or food) and multiplies in the intestine, from where it can invade the nervous system and can cause paralysis.

Notes:
Weil’s disease is a severe form of leptospirosis, a type of infection caused by Leptospira bacteria. The classic form of severe leptospirosis is known as Weil’s disease, which is characterized by liver damage (causing jaundice), kidney failure, and bleeding.

Notes:
Lysosomes are known as digestive bag because it digest every foreign material as well as worn out cell organelles. They contain powerful digestive enzymes which are capable of breaking down all organic materials.

Notes:
All crustaceans have a body covered with a protective shell composed of a horny substance called chitin. The outer skeleton is not continuous but made up of divided sections called somites. It limits the growth of an organism therefore need to be shed from time to time.