General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Cholesterol is defined as a waxy alcohol, fat-like substance that occurs naturally in all areas of the human body. 100-200 mg/dL is considered as normal for the human beings. The total cholesterol counts below 180 mg/dl increase the risk for haemorrhagic stroke; and above 200 mg/dl may be normal and healthy for some people, as the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol is considered a more important factor in prediction of disease risk particularly heart disease.

Notes:
Rhizobia are soil bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside root nodules of legumes. They are the only nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in a symbiotic relationship with legumes. Common crop and forage legumes are peas, beans, clover, and soy.

Notes:
Capra Hircus is the scientific name of domestic goat or simply goat. It is a subspecies of C. aegagrus domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the animal family Bovidae and is closely related to the sheep; both are placed in the goat-antelope subfamily Caprinae.

Notes:
Union Health Minister JP Nadda, in April 2017, launched the Test and Treat policy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients. Under this new policy, anyone who is tested and found positive will get the necessary treatment free of cost. Anyone found positive will be provided with ART (Anti- Retroviral Therapy) irrespective of his CD count.

Notes:
Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera. With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more maneuverable than most birds, flying with their very long spread-out digits covered with a thin membrane or patagium. 

Notes:
Fertilization in plants is not directly influenced by sunlight. Fertilization occurs after pollination, when pollen grains land on the stigma of a flower of the same species. During this time, a series of events take place leading to the formation of seeds. However, none of these event is affected by presence or absence of light.

Notes:
The cerebellum is known as little brain. It is a region of the brain that plays an important role in motor control. i.e. in maintaining and coordinating body posture at different times of the day/night.

Notes:
Beriberi is a disease caused by a vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. There are two types of the disease: wet beriberi and dry beriberi. Wet beriberi affects the heart and circulatory system. In extreme cases, wet beriberi can cause heart failure. Dry beriberi damages the nerves and can lead to a loss of muscle strength and eventually, muscle paralysis.

Notes:
Some plants have the stem branching out near the base. The stem is hard but not thick. Such plants are called shrubs. Eg: Rose plant. Shrubs have persistent woody stems above the field, unlike herbaceous plants. Shrubs may be evergreen or deciduous. By their numerous stems and shorter height, less than 6 m-10 m long, they are distinguished from trees.

Notes:
The glomerulus functions as an excretory organ in hemichordates. Soluble wastes are collected from the blood by the glomerulus, lying within the proboscis cavity, and excreted from that cavity through a dorsal pore (an opening on the upper side) to the outside.