General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
During glycolysis, glucose is broken down in ten steps to two molecules of pyruvate in cytoplasm (in the cellular matrix called cytosol). It then enters the mitochondria where it is oxidised through the tricarboxylic acid cycle to carbon dioxide and water.

Notes:
Anatomy, a field in the biological sciences concerned with the identification and description of the body structures of living things. Gross anatomy involves the study of major body structures by dissection and observation and in its narrowest sense is concerned only with the human body.

Notes:
Plaster of Paris is a plaster made by calcining gypsum.
CaSO4•1/2?H2?O.
It can be used to impregnate gauze bandages to make a sculpting material called modroc. It is used to make classic plaster orthopedic casts to protect limbs with broken bones.

Notes:
Radon is used in radiotherapy for cancer treatment. Radon is the heaviest known gas, is radioactive and is essentially inert. At ordinary temperatures, radon is a colorless gas, but when it is cooled below its freezing point it gains stunning phosphorescence. One problem with radiation therapy is that it often kills healthy tissue alongside cancerous tissue.

Notes:
Alveoli are an important part of the respiratory system whose function it is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules to and from the bloodstream. These tiny, balloon-shaped air sacs sit at the very end of the respiratory tree and are arranged in clusters throughout the lungs. Alveoli are tiny balloon shaped structures and are the smallest passageway in the respiratory system.

Notes:
Mycoplasmas are the smallest and simplest prokaryotes capable of self-replication. Keeping the number of structural elements, metabolic pathways and components of the protein synthesizing machinery to an essential minimum places Mycoplasmas closest to the concept of ‘minimum cells’.

Notes:
Bulbil is a small bulblike organ of vegetative reproduction growing in leaf axils or on flower stalks of plants such as the onion and tiger lily. It is a reproductive organ that takes part in vegetative reproduction. The bulbils drop from the parent plant on to the ground, give out adventitious roots and develop into new plants. The other structures involved in vegetative propagation include rhizome, bulb, corm, cuttings, etc.

Notes:
Cod is the common name for the genus Gadus of demersal fishes, belonging to the family Gadidae. Cod is also used as part of the commons name for a number of other fishes, and there are species suggested to belong to genus Gadus that are not called cod (the Alaska pollock). Cod is popular as a food with a mild flavour and a dense, flaky white flesh. Cod livers are processed to make cod liver oil, an important source of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA).

Notes:
Aflatoxin are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, species of fungi. They have been associated with various diseases, such as aflatoxicosis, in livestock, domestic animals and humans throughout the world.

Notes:
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease of the lungs. It is typically caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The common cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose. AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a syndrome caused by a virus called HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus.