General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Anaemia is a condition that develops when blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells or haemoglobin. The three main types of Anaemia are due to blood loss, decreased red blood cell production, and increased red blood cell breakdown. Causes of decreased production include iron deficiency, a lack of vitamin B12, thalassemia, and a number of neoplasms of the bone marrow.

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Phototropism is the growth of organisms in response to light. In plants, phototropism is a response to blue wavelengths of light and is caused by a redistribution of auxin from the illuminated side to the darker side of the shoot, resulting in quicker growth on the darker side and bending of the shoot toward the source of light.

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Gambusia affinis, also known as Mosquito fish, is a species of freshwater fish that is introduced directly into ecosystems as a biocontrol to lower mosquito populations. The diet of this fish sometimes consists of large numbers of mosquito larvae. Gambusia affinis has turned out to be indispensable to modern Mosquito/Malaria control programs in countries such as Iran.

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Bonsai is the art of aesthetic miniaturization of trees and plants in containers. A bonsai plant is not a dwarf plant but equal to the full sized flowering plant. The main objective of bonsai plants is to create a tree or plant, and even landscapes, in miniature at household level.

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Anatomy, a field in the biological sciences concerned with the identification and description of the body structures of living things. Gross anatomy involves the study of major body structures by dissection and observation and in its narrowest sense is concerned only with the human body.

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Chloroplast, found in plant cells, is the site of photosynthesis in plants to prepare food(glucose) for the plant with the use of energy. It is a green plastid that contains chlorophylls A and B that absorb visible light energy and convert it to usable chemical energy in photosynthesis.

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Cell wall is found in plants, bacteria, fungi, algae, and some archaea. Animal cells do not have cell walls, nor do protozoa. It is a structural layer situated outside the cell membrane that provides the cell with both structural support and protection, and also acts as a filtering mechanism.

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Vitamin K refers to a group of fat-soluble vitamins that play a role in blood clotting, bone metabolism, and regulating blood calcium levels. The body needs vitamin K to produce prothrombin, a protein and clotting factor that is important in blood clotting and bone metabolism.

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Water catchment areas such as forests are continually being destroyed through deforestation to pave way for human settlement. This problem has been brought about by rapid population increase. As a result, there is not enough rain thus causing water shortage.

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Swine flu is a disease of pigs that can, in rare cases, be passed to humans. It is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by one of many Influenza A viruses. The disease is spread among pigs by direct and indirect contact, aerosols, and from pigs that are infected but do not have symptoms.