General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
The spleen is not an endocrine gland. This is because the spleen is not capable of aiding in the regulation of the hormone levels in the human body.

Notes:
Haemoglobin is oxygen-carrying pigment and predominant protein in the red blood cells. Haemoglobin is an iron-containing biomolecule. It is made up of four haem groups and globin. The haem groups contain iron atoms that can bind reversibly to oxygen molecules.

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Cell theory was first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann. They stated that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that cells are the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.

Notes:
Chloroplast, found in plant cells, is the site of photosynthesis in plants to prepare food(glucose) for the plant with the use of energy. It is a green plastid that contains chlorophylls A and B that absorb visible light energy and convert it to usable chemical energy in photosynthesis.

Notes:
Radon is used in radiotherapy for cancer treatment. Radon is the heaviest known gas, is radioactive and is essentially inert. At ordinary temperatures, radon is a colorless gas, but when it is cooled below its freezing point it gains stunning phosphorescence. One problem with radiation therapy is that it often kills healthy tissue alongside cancerous tissue.

Notes:
DNA profiling (genetic finger printing) is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals by their respective DNA profiles. DNA profiles are encrypted sets of numbers that reflect a person’s DNA makeup, which can also be used as the person’s identifier. Each individual has unique VNTR numbers and pattern except maternal twins.

Notes:
Swine flu is a disease of pigs that can, in rare cases, be passed to humans. It is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by one of many Influenza A viruses. The disease is spread among pigs by direct and indirect contact, aerosols, and from pigs that are infected but do not have symptoms.

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Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria. Cellular respiration allows for the release of energy stored in chemical bonds of glucose (obtained from food) to form adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy currency of the cell. For every molecule of glucose, 36 molecules of ATP are made.

Notes:
Some of the benefits of Mushroom cultivation are:
(a) it has been found to coincide with decrease of incidents of breast cancer;
(b) Spent residues such as those obtained after cultivation of edible mushrooms could be a better source of biologically pretreated substrates for biogas production; and
(c) Mushrooms can be grown on virtually all types of available wastes; and
(d) agricultural waste recycling can be achieved through controlled cultivation of mushrooms.

Notes:
Weil’s disease is a severe form of leptospirosis, a type of infection caused by Leptospira bacteria. The classic form of severe leptospirosis is known as Weil’s disease, which is characterized by liver damage (causing jaundice), kidney failure, and bleeding.