General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Antibiotics are medicines used to treat a wide variety of infections or diseases caused by bacteria, such as respiratory tract infections (eg, pneumonia and whooping cough), urinary tract infections, skin infections and infected wounds. Antibiotics work by blocking vital processes in bacteria, killing the bacteria or stopping them from multiplying.

Notes:
An analgesic or painkiller is any member of the group of drugs used to achieve analgesia, relief from pain. Analgesic drugs act in various ways on the peripheral and central nervous systems. They are distinct from anaesthetics, which temporarily affect, and in some instances completely eliminate, sensation.

Notes:
Phototropism is the growth of organisms in response to light. In plants, phototropism is a response to blue wavelengths of light and is caused by a redistribution of auxin from the illuminated side to the darker side of the shoot, resulting in quicker growth on the darker side and bending of the shoot toward the source of light.

Notes:
Femur (thighbone) the longest bone in human body. Its average length is 19.9 inch. The femur is the only bone in the thigh. Tibia (shin bone) and Fibula (lower leg) come next in sequence with length of 16.9 and 15.9 inch respectively.

Notes:
August Wilhelm Eichler, German botanist who developed one of the first widely used natural systems of plant classification. Eichler’s system of plant classification, developed in 1886, eventually won worldwide acceptance. He divided the plant kingdom into four divisions: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, and Spermatophyta.

Notes:
The glomerulus functions as an excretory organ in hemichordates. Soluble wastes are collected from the blood by the glomerulus, lying within the proboscis cavity, and excreted from that cavity through a dorsal pore (an opening on the upper side) to the outside.

Notes:
A typical adult human skeleton consists of 206 bones. Individuals may have more or fewer bones than this owing to anatomical variations. These include: 22 Cranial and Facial Bones; 6 Ear Bones; 1 Throat Bone; 4 Shoulder Bones; 25 Chest Bones; 26 Vertebral Bones; 6 Arm and Forearm Bones; 54 Hand Bones; 2 Pelvic Bones; 8 Leg Bones; and 52 Foot Bones.

Notes:
Deciduous teeth are the first set of teeth in the growth development of humans and many other mammals. The deciduous teeth are: incisors
[D]; molars (6); and canine
[B]. So there are 12 teeth which get replaced by the age of 12 years when only permanent teeth remain.

Notes:
The human heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory system, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes. The human heart has four chambers: two upper chambers (the atria) and two lower ones (the ventricles).

Notes:
The human body requires more calcium than any other mineral. At least 99% of the calcium is found in the bones and teeth, giving them strength and rigidity.