General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Casein-Lactose protein-sugar pair is present in milk. Normal bovine milk contains 30-35 grams of protein per litre of which about 80 percent is arranged in casein micelles. Casein is present in milk, but it’s not a milk sugar like lactose. Instead, casein is one of the proteins found in milk. Unlike lactose, which causes an intolerance, these proteins in milk are what’s responsible for a milk allergy, according to Food Allergy and Research Education.

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Dermatitis, also known as?eczema, is a group of diseases that results ininflammationof the?skin. These diseases are characterized by?itchiness, red skin, and a rash. Itai-Itai is caused by cadmium poisoning and Minamata due to mercury poisoning.

Notes:
All verteberates have notochord, body cavity and gills in their embryonic stage or adult stage but not have haemocoel. It’s presence is well marked in the members of phylum in Arthopoda.

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Fermentation is the process by which complex organic compounds, such as glucose, are broken down by the action of enzymes into simpler compounds in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic). Yeasts can convert sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide by fermentation. Fermentation is used to produce wine, beer, yogurt and other products.

Notes:
Vitamin K refers to a group of fat-soluble vitamins that play a role in blood clotting, bone metabolism, and regulating blood calcium levels. The body needs vitamin K to produce prothrombin, a protein and clotting factor that is important in blood clotting and bone metabolism.

Notes:
Deciduous trees and shrubs are plants that annually lose their leaves at the end of each growing season; usually during the winter, but can also occur during a dry season in warm climates. Common examples of deciduous trees include oak, maple, and hickory trees. Oak trees are characteristic deciduous trees that lose their leaves in the fall and regrow them in the spring.

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Aflatoxin are naturally occurring mycotoxins that are produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, species of fungi. They have been associated with various diseases, such as aflatoxicosis, in livestock, domestic animals and humans throughout the world.

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A pair of testes is situated outside the abdominal cavity within a pouch called scrotum. The scrotum helps in maintaining the low temperature of the testes (2-2.5o C lower than the normal internal body temperature) necessary for spermatogenesis.

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An increase in the oxygen concentration in many plants results in a decrease in the rate of photosynthesis. This phenomenon of the inhibition of photosynthesis by O2 was first discovered by a German biochemist Warburg in 1920 in Chorella (a green alga) and is called Warburg effect. O2 causes greatest inhibition of photosynthesis when CO2 levels are low and light levels are saturating. This effect is known to occur in C3 plants (Soybean) and C4 plants (Sorghum, Maize, Sugarcane), etc.

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There are two types of squamous epithelium— simple squamous epithelium and stratified squamous epithelium. Simple squamous epithelium lines the blood vessels or alveoli in lungs. where transportation of substances occurs through selectively permeable membrane. It is made up of extremely thin and simple flat cells that form a delicate lining.