General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Transport of soluble products of photosynthesis is called translocation. Translocation of soluble products of photosynthesis occurs in the part of the vascular tissue known as the phloem. The phloem is the principle food conducting tissue associated with xylem in the vascular system.

Notes:
Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy to chemical energy and storing it in the bonds of carbohydrates (sugar). The main product of photosynthesis is glucose, which is the molecule that produces energy to run the processes of the cell. Oxygen is mainly a byproduct of the process of photosynthesis.
6H2O (water) + 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) = C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 (oxygen)

Notes:
There are two regions of endoplasmic reticulum that differ in both structure and function. One region is called rough ER because it has ribosomes attached to the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. The other region is called smooth ER because it lacks attached ribosomes.

Notes:
Quinine, as a component of the bark of the cinchona tree, was used to treat malaria from as early as the 1600s. The bark of trees in this genus is the source of a variety of alkaloids, the most familiar of which is quinine, an antipyretic (anti-fever) agent.

Notes:
A tannin is an astringent, bitter plant polyphenolic compound that binds to and precipitates proteins and various other organic compounds including amino acids and alkaloids. It refers to the use of wood tannins from oak in tanning animal hides into leather.

Notes:
Robert Harding Whittaker was a distinguished American plant ecologist who was the first to pro pose the five-kingdom taxonomic classification of the world’s biota into the Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera in 1969. He also proposed the Whittaker Biome Classification, which categorized biome-types upon two abiotic factors: temperature and precipitation.

Notes:
Grasshoppers are a group of insects belonging to the suborder Caelifera. They have three main body parts, the head, the thorax and the abdomen. They breathe through a series of holes called ‘spiracles’ which are located along the sides of the body. On grasshoppers, there is a large round disc on the first segment next to the thorax. It is called a tympanum and is the grass-hopper’s ear.

Notes:
All the three names, indica, tuberosum and leo, represent the specific epithets, while the first words Mangifera, Solanum and Panthera are genera and represents another higher level of taxon or category. Each genus may have one or more than one specific epithets representing different organisms, but having morphological similarities.

Notes:
The glomerulus functions as an excretory organ in hemichordates. Soluble wastes are collected from the blood by the glomerulus, lying within the proboscis cavity, and excreted from that cavity through a dorsal pore (an opening on the upper side) to the outside.

Notes:
The majority of the upper respiratory epithelium is lined with cilia, small hair-like structures that move together like oars to push the mucus and its trapped contents to the throat, where it is swallowed. Each cell has about 300 cilia.