General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
A fern is any one of a group of about 20,000 species of plants classified in the phylum or division Pteridophyta, also known as Filicophyta. Fern ally is a general term covering a somewhat diverse group of vascular plants that are not flowering plants (angiosperms) and not true ferns. Like ferns, these plants reproduce by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations. Both Ferns and fern allies belong to Pteridophytes.

Notes:
Beriberi is a disease caused by a vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. There are two types of the disease: wet beriberi and dry beriberi. Wet beriberi affects the heart and circulatory system. In extreme cases, wet beriberi can cause heart failure. Dry beriberi damages the nerves and can lead to a loss of muscle strength and eventually, muscle paralysis.

Notes:
Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that is important for metabolism and utilization of energy from the ingested nutrients – especially glucose. It keeps our blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia). The pancreas is a glandular organ in the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.

Notes:
In the collateral type of vascular bundle, xylem and phloem are arranged side by side on the same radius. This may be either open or closed. Usually xylem is seen towards the inner side and phloem towards outer side. The collateral vascular bundle is also known as conjoint.

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The uterus or womb is a major female hormone responsive reproductive sex organ of most mammals including humans. It is within the uterus that the fetus develops during gestation, usually developing completely in placental mammals such as humans and partially in marsupials such as kangaroos and opossums.

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Those who eat a well-balanced diet and have no metabolic disorders, excess dietary carbohydrates?are converted by the liver into complex chains of glucose called glycogen. Glycogen is stored in liver and muscle cells and is a secondary source of energy to freely circulating blood glucose.

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In molybdenum-deficient plants grown in the presence of nitrate, molybdenum is required for the synthesis of nitrate reductase. Molybdenum deficiency results in the decrease of free amino acids in the plants in comparison to normal plants.

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The bamboo actually belongs to the grass family and is actually the tallest grass of all. There are kinds of bamboo which are said to grow as tall as 100 feet in height. The thickest bamboo can be 0.2m – 0.3m (8-12″) thick. Bamboo is a perennial grass with woody stems that are divided into sections by joints called nodes. One of the fastest-growing plants on the planet. However, they are known to die after flowering.

Notes:
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA) . Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use. The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

Notes:
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.