General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

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Normal blood pressure is considered to be at or below 120 over 80 (120/80). Normally, blood pressures are usually categorized into three groups: low (90/60 or lower), high (140/90 or higher), and normal (values above 90/60 and below 130/80).

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The transport of water, nutrients and other substances from one part of a plant to another is called translocation. While, phloem transports synthesized food from the leaves to the rest of the plant body; water and minerals are transported from the roots upwards through the xylem tubes.

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White blood cells (WBCs) are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders. They are also called leukocytes. WBCs are found throughout the body, including the blood and lymphatic system.

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Rhizobia are soil bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside root nodules of legumes. They are the only nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in a symbiotic relationship with legumes. Common crop and forage legumes are peas, beans, clover, and soy.

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Microorganisms or decomposers such as bacteria and fungi help in the process of recycling of nutrients by decomposing various dead organisms such as plants and animals to form humus. Humus is highly nutritious and rich in minerals and microbes vital for healthy plant growth.

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An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach. When excessive amounts of acids are produced in the stomach the natural mucous barrier that protects the lining of the stomach can damage the esophagus in people with acid reflux. Antacids contain alkaline ions that chemically neutralize stomach gastric acid, reducing damage and relieving pain.

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Test tube baby is born from in vitro fertilization. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process by which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body: in vitro. When a woman’s natural cycle is monitored to collect a naturally selected ovum (egg) for fertilization, it is known as natural cycle IVF. The fertilized egg (zygote) is then transferred to the patient’s uterus with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy.

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Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and multiple other biological effects. It is usually produced in the skin of human and animals under the influence of solar or ultraviolet radiation. In plants it can be produced from provitamin ergosterol.

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Dolly was the world’s first cloned sheep. It was born on 5 July 1996. It was a female domestic sheep, and the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer. Dolly was cloned by Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell and colleagues at the Roslin Institute, part of the University of Edinburgh, Scotland.

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Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria. Cellular respiration allows for the release of energy stored in chemical bonds of glucose (obtained from food) to form adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy currency of the cell. For every molecule of glucose, 36 molecules of ATP are made.