General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

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A vein is an elastic blood vessel that transports blood from various regions of the body to the heart. Veins are components of the cardiovascular system, which circulates blood to provide nutrients to the cells of the body. Veins can be categorized into four main types: pulmonary, systemic, superficial, and deep veins.

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Monogenetic parasites are the parasites that complete their life cycles in one host only. Ascaris is a monogenetic parasite as it completes it life cycle in a single host, i.e., man.

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The loose union of structure of the same whorl is called cohesion, but the intimate histological union is called connation. When anthers are fused with each other, the condition is described as syngenesious e.g., Compositae, Lobeliaceae. This fusion is called cohesion. When there is fusion of stamens with petals, they are described as epipetalous e.g., Gamopetale.

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Bioremediation is a waste management technique that involves the use of organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site. It uses naturally occurring organisms to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or non-toxic substances. There are two classes of bioremediation used : In situ and Ex situ.

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Ornithophily refers to the pollination of flowering plants by birds. Birds involved in ornithophily tend to be specialist nectarivores with brushy tongues and long bills, that are either capable of hovering flight or light enough to perch on the flower structures.

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An ecosystem is defined as any community of living and non-living things that work together. Biotic components are the living things that shape an ecosystem. All non-living components of an ecosystem is called abiotic components such as temperature, light, moisture, air currents, gravity, etc.

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Palisade parenchyma is the layer of tissue directly beneath the epidermis of the upper surface of a leaf. It contains the cylinder-shaped cells that hold the chloroplasts and constitutes the primary area of photosynthesis that converts the light energy to the chemical potential energy of carbohydrates.

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Amino acids are the molecular building blocks of proteins. So proteins are synthesized from them. Essential amino acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, lysine.

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Salt, fat and leavening agents such as yeast and baking soda are common ingredients, though bread may contain other ingredients also. Yeast plays an important role in bread-making. It ferments and grows when combined with “food” such as flour and/ or sugar, and warmed. Carbon dioxide is produced and trapped in the dough as tiny air bubbles which make the bread rise during cooking and give it its characteristic texture.

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Bacillus Calmette Guerin is a vaccine against tuberculosis. BCG vaccine can be implemented after the birth intradermally within 2-3 days.