General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations
General Science Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations. These questions are part of GKToday’s 35000+ MCQs Bank Course in GKToday Android App
31. ___ is that branch of Biology which deals with organisms structure and its organs:
[A] Anatomy
[B] Ecology
[C] Mycology
[D] Chronobiology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Anatomy]
Notes:
Anatomy, a field in the biological sciences concerned with the identification and description of the body structures of living things. Gross anatomy involves the study of major body structures by dissection and observation and in its narrowest sense is concerned only with the human body.
32. Which of the following cell organelle is also called as Suicidal Bag of Cell?
[A] Mitochondria
[B] Nucleus
[C] Nucleolus
[D] Lysosomes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Lysosomes]
Notes:
Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that are known as suicidal bags of the cell. They contain digestive enzymes, and break down food, cellular debris and foreign invaders like bacteria. In the event that the cell is injured beyond repair, or becomes old, the lysosome digests the cell, hence the name ‘suicide bag of the cell’.
33. Excretion in Hemichordates takes place by _____:
[A] Glomerulus
[B] Metanephron
[C] Mesonephron
[D] Pronephron
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Glomerulus]
Notes:
The glomerulus functions as an excretory organ in hemichordates. Soluble wastes are collected from the blood by the glomerulus, lying within the proboscis cavity, and excreted from that cavity through a dorsal pore (an opening on the upper side) to the outside.
34. Organs having different structure and components but perform similar functions are called ____:
[A] Heterogeneous organs
[B] Analogous organs
[C] Homogenous organs
[D] Homologous organs
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Analogous organs]
Notes:
The organs which have different basic structure and origin abut are similar in their appearance and functioning, are called analogous organs. An example of analogous organs are the wings of insects, bats and birds that evolved independently in each lineage separately after diverging from an ancestor without wings.
35. The smallest known prokaryotic organism is _____:
[A] Bacteria
[B] Microcystis
[C] Mycoplasma
[D] Chlorella
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Mycoplasma]
Notes:
Mycoplasmas are the smallest and simplest prokaryotes capable of self-replication. Keeping the number of structural elements, metabolic pathways and components of the protein synthesizing machinery to an essential minimum places Mycoplasmas closest to the concept of ‘minimum cells’.
36. The five kingdom concept of classification of organisms was given by ____:
[A] Charles Darwin
[B] Carl Woese
[C] William Paley
[D] Robert Whittaker
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Robert Whittaker]
Notes:
R.H. Whittaker (1969) proposed a Five Kingdom Classification: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The main criteria for classification used by him include cell structure, thallus organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships.
37. A new born breathes nearly ____:
[A] 15 to 25 times a minute
[B] 30 to 60 times a minute
[C] 60 to 75 times a minute
[D] 80 to 90 times a minute
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [30 to 60 times a minute]
Notes:
Babies breathe much faster than older children and adults. A newborn’s normal breathing rate is about 30-60 times each minute. This may slow to 20 to 40 times per minute when the baby is sleeping. The pattern of breathing in a baby may also be different. A baby may breathe fast several times, then have a brief rest for less than 10 seconds, then breathe again.
38. The deciduous trees will _____:
[A] Shed their leaves every year
[B] Not lose their leaves
[C] Synthesise their own food
[D] Depend on others for their food
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Shed their leaves every year]
Notes:
Deciduous means “falling off at maturity” or “tending to fall off”. Deciduous trees or shrubs lose their leaves seasonally. The converse of deciduous is evergreen.
39. Which of the following trees shed their leaves once in a year?
[A] Deciduous trees
[B] Coniferous trees
[C] Evergreen trees
[D] Both deciduous and coniferous trees
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Deciduous trees]
Notes:
Deciduous trees and shrubs are plants that annually lose their leaves at the end of each growing season; usually during the winter, but can also occur during a dry season in warm climates. Common examples of deciduous trees include oak, maple, and hickory trees. Oak trees are characteristic deciduous trees that lose their leaves in the fall and regrow them in the spring.
40. In which medical condition is the eyes optic nerve damaged and the condition worsens over time?
[A] Dry Eye
[B] Glaucoma
[C] Cataract
[D] Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Glaucoma]
Notes:
Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to the eye’s optic nerve and gets worse over time. People with glaucoma can lose nerve tissue, resulting in vision loss. In the most common form of glaucoma, primary open angle glaucoma, the fluid pressure inside the eye increases and causes progressive damage to the optic nerve and loss of nerve fibres.
