General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Green is the least effective color of light in driving photosynthesis, the process of converting light energy into chemical energy. Photosynthesis occurs in plants and algae using chlorophyll, and because chlorophyll reflects rather than absorbs green light, green light cannot be used in the photosynthetic process.

Notes:
Factor IX, also known as Christmas factor, is one of the serine proteases of the coagulation system; it belongs to peptidase family S1. Deficiency of this protein causes Haemophilia B. It was discovered in 1952 after a young boy named Stephen Christmas was found to be lacking this exact factor, leading to haemophilia.

Notes:
Sex determination in human beings depends on the particular pair of sex chromosomes an individual inherits. The homogametic sex, females, usually possess two identical sex chromosomes (XX). On the other hand, males, who are the heterogametic sex, typically present a pair of different sex chromosomes (XY). This distinct pair forms the blueprint that directs male physical and biological characteristics development.

Notes:
Animals that ingest bulk food unavoidably take in some matter that they are incapable of using. Substances that cannot be digested, such as cellulose, pass into the colon, or large intestine. Egestion is the passing out of undigested food as faeces, through the anus.

Notes:
Gambusia affinis, also known as Mosquito fish, is a species of freshwater fish that is introduced directly into ecosystems as a biocontrol to lower mosquito populations. The diet of this fish sometimes consists of large numbers of mosquito larvae. Gambusia affinis has turned out to be indispensable to modern Mosquito/Malaria control programs in countries such as Iran.

Notes:
The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) was founded in 1895. It provides and regulates a uniform system of zoological nomenclature ensuring that every animal has a unique and universally accepted scientific name.

Notes:
The National Institute of Mental Health and Nuro- Sciences is a premier medical institution located in Bengaluru, India. NIMHANS is the apex centre for mental health and neuroscience education in the country, the institute operates autonomously under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

Notes:
Oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from the splitting or hydrolysis of water in the green plants. Cornelius van Niel experimentally proved for the first time that the oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from water and not from carbon dioxide. Oxygen is expelled out of plants and Hydrogen is used to reduce Carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates.

Notes:
Haemoglobin is oxygen-carrying pigment and predominant protein in the red blood cells. Haemoglobin is an iron-containing biomolecule. It is made up of four haem groups and globin. The haem groups contain iron atoms that can bind reversibly to oxygen molecules.

Notes:
Water is transported through the plant in Xylem vessels, these begin in the roots and end in the leaves of the plant. Water is transported through a combination of “Transpirational pull” and capillary action that produces root pressure.