General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) was founded in 1895. It provides and regulates a uniform system of zoological nomenclature ensuring that every animal has a unique and universally accepted scientific name.

Notes:
The deficiency of magnesium leads to yellowish green blotch near the base of the leaf between the midrib and the outer edge (chlorosis). The yellow area enlarges until the only green remaining is at the tip and base of the leaf as an inverted V-shaped area on the midrib.

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The butterfly and moth develop through a process called metamorphosis. All butterflies have “complete metamorphosis.” To grow into an adult they go through 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.

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Ornithophily refers to the pollination of flowering plants by birds. Birds involved in ornithophily tend to be specialist nectarivores with brushy tongues and long bills, that are either capable of hovering flight or light enough to perch on the flower structures.

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A goitre, or goiter, is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly. Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency. The term is from the Latin gutturia, meaning throat.

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Salt, fat and leavening agents such as yeast and baking soda are common ingredients, though bread may contain other ingredients also. Yeast plays an important role in bread-making. It ferments and grows when combined with “food” such as flour and/ or sugar, and warmed. Carbon dioxide is produced and trapped in the dough as tiny air bubbles which make the bread rise during cooking and give it its characteristic texture.

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Most of the transpiration occurs through foliar surface or surface of the leaves. It is known as foliar transpiration. Foliar transpiration accounts for over 90% of the total transpiration. The rest is mostly lenticular that occurs through holes in bark called lenticels.

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Although beaks vary significantly in size and shape from species to species, their underlying structures have a similar pattern. All beaks without teeth are composed of two jaws, generally known as the upper mandible (or maxilla) and lower mandible (or mandible).

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Exobiology is the branch of biology that deals with the search for extraterrestrial life and the effects of extraterrestrial surroundings or outer space on living organisms.
 The primary goal of exobiological research is to reach a better understanding of the processes leading to the origin, evolution and distribution of life on cosmos within the context of cosmic evolution.

Notes:
The word amphibian means two-lives. Amphibians spend their lives in the water and on land. All amphibians begin their life in water with gills and tails; as they grow, they develop lungs and legs for their life on land. Members of this animal class are frogs, toads, etc. They are characterized by external fertilization that takes place in water.