Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
Namdapha National Park, in the state of Arunachal Pradesh, is the only park in India that hosts a wide range of habitats, starting from tropical rainforests to alpine meadows. The park’s location in the eastern Himalayas, combined with a wide range in altitude (from 200m to 4571m), leads to this drastic variation.

Notes:
The Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary (GWS) is located near Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh and covers an area of 511 square kilometers. The sanctuary is also as the Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary. It houses many varieties of flora such as Khair, Murjan, Palash, Seja, Dhawada, Royenja, Ghote, Beweg, Dhaman, Salai, Heans and Katli. The sanctuary is also a home to the blackbuck, chital, monkey, wolf, blue bull, wild boar, fox and hyena.

Notes:
The Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary (UWS) is located in West Champaran district of Bihar and covers an area of 8.74 square kilometres. It is home to a variety of water birds, both resident and migratory. The sanctuary has areas of swamp forest, dry riverine forest, and khair-sissoo forest. It is in the Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests eco-region.

Notes:
There are four national parks in the Andamans, Mahatma Gandhi Marine, Mount Harriet, Rani Jhansi Marine and Saddle Peak National Parks.
Nicobars have two areas notified as national parks and an area in Great Nicobar designated as the Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve. Within the area of 960.40 km² in Great Nicobar Island, 110 km² is the Galathea National Park, situated on the south east of the island. On the east coast an area of 476. 73 km² is notified as the Campbell Bay National Park.

Notes:
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) is also known as the Rio Summit, which was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. After its creation, others including NGOs in the field of sustainability showed a similar development regarding the issues discussed in these conferences.

Notes:
The Asiatic lion is restricted to the Gir National Park and environs in the Indian state of Gujarat. In 1826, the first scientific description of the Asiatic lion was published. It is listed as Panthera leo persica, on the IUCN Red List.

Notes:
In a Grassland, the number of producers i.e. plants and grasses is more than the herbivore and number of carnivores is more than the herbivores. The same is valid for Ponds. In Forests, the Pyramid of Number is a broad shaped. The producers are more, herbivores are less but carnivores are again more. In Parasitic food chain, the Pyramid of Numbers is always inverted

Notes:
Panikulangara is a variety of cardamom. The variety is called Panikulangara Green Bold No.1 (PGB-1). It retains its green color and size even after drying.
Panikulangara is one of nine varieties of small cardamom that were trialed by the Indian Institute of Spices Research. Other varieties include Arjun and Wonder Cardamom.

Notes:
Bioremediation is a process that is used to treat contaminated water, soil and subsurface material, by improving environmental factors to stimulate growth of microorganisms and degrade the caused pollutants.

Notes:
Brundtland Commission was named after Gro Harlem Brundtland, the former Prime Minister of Norway. This commission, formally known as World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) was established by UN in 1983. It had released its report called Brundtland Report in 1987. This report popularized the term Sustainable Development.