Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The Stockholm Convention is a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from persistent organic pollutants (POPs). POPs are chemicals that remain intact in the environment for long periods, become widely distributed geographically, accumulate in the fatty tissue of living organisms and are toxic to humans and wildlife. 

Notes:
The Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary (BWS) is a protected area in Jhajjar district of Haryana and covers an area of 411.55 hectares. The major wildlife supported here are neelgai, geedar, langur and Bandar, blue peafowl, rufous treepie, greater coucal, Indian grey hornbill, coppersmith barbet, etc.

Notes:
The Chakrashila Wildlife Sanctuary (CWS) is located under Dhubriand Kokrajhar districts of Assam and covers an area of 45.568 square kilometers. It is famous for the golden langur and is the second protected habitat for golden langur in India. Some species of mammals recorded in this sanctuary are short nosed fruit bat, Indian false vampire, Indian pipistrelle, rhesus macaque, Chinese pangolin, Asiatic jackal, etc.

Notes:
The Aichi Targets are a set of 20, time-bound, measureable targets for the conservation of biodiversity. The targets were agreed by the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in Nagoya, Japan, in October 2010. Achievement of the targets will contribute to reducing, and eventually halting, the loss of biodiversity at a global level by the middle of the twenty-first century.

Notes:
Biomass is the amount of living material in an organism. The pyramids of biomass represent the relationship between different trophic levels in terms of biomass. In grassland and forest ecosystems, there is generally a gradual decrease in biomass of organisms at successive trophic levels from the producers to the consumers. Their pyramid of biomass is upright. In aquatic ecosystem the producers are small organisms with least biomass and the biomass gradually increase towards the apex of the pyramid. Thus the pyramid of biomass of aquatic ecosystems is inverted in shape.

Notes:
The secretariat office of BirdLife International is located in Cambridge, UK. BirdLife International is a global partnership of environmental NGOs and national conservation organizations. BirdLife International was formed on June 20, 1922. Their chairman is Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias. Their priorities include: Preventing the extinction of bird species; Identifying and safeguarding important sites for birds; Maintaining and restoring key bird habitats; Empowering conservationists worldwide.

Notes:
The Intergovernmental Panel which is an intergovernmental body of the United Nations, was founded in the year 1988 by Bert Bolin. Its head quarter is located in Geneva, Switzerland. Its objective is to provide scientific information that is relevant to understanding the scientific basis of the risk associated with climate change and its natural, political, economic impacts and possible remedies.

Notes:
PM10 is particulate matter with 10 mm or less in diameter and PM2.5 is particulate matter with 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter. These particles are formed by burning fuel and chemical reactions that take place in the atmosphere which results environment pollution. A new study showed that PM2.5 is more harmful than PM10.

Notes:
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 was enacted to provide for the conservation of forests and for matters connected therewith. It was amended in 1988 to control further deforestation of Forest Areas in India.

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The Convention on Biological Diversity is a multilateral treaty for the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources”. It was drafted in 1992.