Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary (GSWS) is located in Virudhunagar and Madurai districts of Tamil Nadu and covers an area 485.2 sq Kms. Over 240+ species of birds are seen in this sanctuary including 14 species of birds endemic to the Western Ghats, such as the critically endangered Oriental white-backed vulture and the long-billed vulture. In addition to grizzled giant squirrels, the sanctuary is home to numerous animals such as barking deer, bonnet macaque, common langur, elephants, flying squirrels, gaur, Indian giant squirrel, leopard, lion-tailed macaques, mouse deer, Nilgiri langur and Nilgiri Tahrs. There are over 220 species of butterflies including many rare and endemic species. Some of the rare butterflies spotted here include Eversheds ace , Silver royal , Orange awlet , Hampsons hedge blue , etc.

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The Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary (GWS) is located near Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh and covers an area of 511 square kilometers. The sanctuary is also as the Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary. It houses many varieties of flora such as Khair, Murjan, Palash, Seja, Dhawada, Royenja, Ghote, Beweg, Dhaman, Salai, Heans and Katli. The sanctuary is also a home to the blackbuck, chital, monkey, wolf, blue bull, wild boar, fox and hyena.

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The Equator Prize, is confered by the Equator Initiative within the United Nations Development Programme. It is awarded biennially to recognize outstanding community efforts to reduce poverty through the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) was founded in the year 1965.

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The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) is also known as the Rio Summit, which was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. After its creation, others including NGOs in the field of sustainability showed a similar development regarding the issues discussed in these conferences.

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Kalka is in Panchkula Haryana and shimla all of you know. Kalka Shimla Railway spreads in Haryana and Himachal Pradesh,
Valley of Flowers National Park is located in Uttarakhand,
Mountain Railways of India are in Darjeeling,
Sundarbans National Park isn West Bengal and
Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park is in Gujarat.

Notes:
Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Madhya Pradesh. It is the largest wildlife sanctuary of MP. It was established in the year 1975. It is covering Sagar, Damoh, Narsinghpur and Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh.

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An ecotone is defined as the transition area between two biological communities, where two communities meet and integrate. It may be narrow or else wide, local as well as regional.

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Methane gas is produced by the decomposition of organic waste in an oxygen-free environment. The treatment and handling of waste water also produces Methane.

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The clean energy cess, also known as the coal cess, is a tax levied on coal production and import in India. It was introduced in the 2010 Indian budget to finance and promote clean energy initiatives and fund research in the area. The cess started at Rs. 50 per tonne and has been increased periodically.
As of July 2022, the clean energy cess on coal stands at Rs. 400 per tonne. Revenues from the cess go into the National Clean Energy and Environment Fund (NCEEF). The NCEEF finances projects in renewable energy, clean coal technologies, and environmental remediation programs.

Notes:
Silent Valley National Park is located in the state of Kerala and is located in the Nilgiri hills. It is home to the lion-tailed macaques, an endangered species of primate. In 1973, “Save Silent Valley” campaign (environmental movement) was initiated when the Kerala State Electricity Board declared to implement the Silent Valley Hydro-Electric Project.