Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
31. Consider the following differences between Grazing food chain and Detritus food chain:
- While grazing food chain begins with green grasses at first tropic level, detritus food chain begins with dead decay of organic matter
- While grazing food chain adds energy to the ecosystem, detritus food chain consumes energy from ecosystem
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] 1 Only
[B] 2 Only
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Both are correct statements
Grazing food chain starts with green plants at first tropic level while the detritus food chain starts with dead organic matters at first tropic level. Energy for grazing food chain comes from sun while the detritus food chain receives energy from dead decay organic matter.
32. Consider the following statements:
- Energy flow in an ecosystem is unidirectional
- A food chain always begins with photosynthetic autotrophs
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] 1 Only
[B] 2 Only
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Both are correct statements
33. Identify the fauna with the help of given information:
- The fauna is the state animal of Sikkim
- It is an arboreal animal and more than fifty percent of its population is known to be concentrated in Eastern Himalayas
- It is poached for its distinctive pelts and has been listed as endangered in the IUCN list
Select the correct answer from options given below:
[A] Giant panda
[B] Red panda
[C] Clouded leopard
[D] Cougar
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Red panda]
Notes:
The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals. The mammal is native to the eastern Himalayas and south-western China. The red panda is the state animal of Sikkim. Almost 50 percent of the red panda’s habitat is in the Eastern Himalayas.
34. Consider the following statements about Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR–RC):
- It is a principle within the framework of United Nation Environment Programme
- It has been adopted as a part of Rio Declaration on Environment and Development
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] 1 Only
[B] 2 Only
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ 2 Only]
Notes:
First statement is incorrect because Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR–RC) is a principle within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Second statement is correct.
35. Which of the following have been held responsible for fast decline in sparrow population?
- Widespread use of pesticides
- Increase in population of cats
- Rampant use of cell phones
Select the correct option from codes given below:
[A] 1 & 2 Only
[B] 2 & 3 Only
[C] 1 & 3 Only
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ 1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Reasons for rapid decline in population of sparrow are:
Reduction in food supply due to changes in agricultural practices like widespread use of pesticides; Lack of nesting sites because of architectural changes; Electromagnetic contamination due to rampant use of cell phones.
Increase in the population of predator species like hawks and cats.
36. Which of the following is/are example/examples for lentic ecosystem?
- Ponds
- Wetlands
- Springs
Select the correct option from codes given below:
[A] 1 & 2 Only
[B] 3 Only
[C] 2 & 3 Only
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ 1 & 2 Only ]
Notes:
Springs are example of lotic ecosystem.
37. Consider the following:
- Frog
- Octopus
- Turtles
- Salamanders
Which of the above are amphibians?
[A] 1 & 4 Only
[B] 2 & 3 Only
[C] 1 & 3 Only
[D] 3 & 4 Only
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ 1 & 4 Only ]
Notes:
Frogs, toads and salamanders are amphibians. Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by lizard like appearance. Turtles are Reptiles.
38. Consider the following statements about the Kigali Amendment:
- It has been adopted to amend the Montreal Protocol
- The amendment aims to eliminate planet-warming gases in Hydroflorocarbon family
- The Kigali Amendment will be binding on countries from 2019
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] 1 & 2 Only
[B] 3 Only
[C] 2 & 3 Only
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ 1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
All given statements are correct
The Kigali agreement is to amend the Montreal Protocol and substantially limit the emission of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Under Kigali Amendment, in all 197 countries, including India have agreed to a timeline to reduce the use of HFCs by roughly 85% of their baselines by 2045. The Kigali Agreement or amended Montreal Protocol for HFCs reduction will be binding on countries from 2019. It also has provisions for penalties for non-compliance. Under it, developed countries will also provide enhanced funding support estimated at billions of dollars globally. The exact amount of additional funding from developed countries will be agreed at the next Meeting of the Parties in Montreal in 2017.
39. Consider the following statements about the REDD Mechanism:
- It aims at gross reductions in GHG emissions from deforestation
- It is a mechanism under the UNFCCC
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] 1 Only
[B] 2 Only
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Both are correct statements
REDD is a mechanism under the UNFCC for encouraging developing nations to preserve their forests by giving an economic value to the carbon saved by stopping deforestation.
40. Consider the following statements about the Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats (IDWH) Scheme:
- The scheme provides technical and financial assistance to states for protection of wildlife habitat
- The main aim of the scheme is to is to recover critically endangered species and habitats outside protected areas
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] 1 Only
[B] 2 Only
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
The goal of the Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats (IDWH) Scheme is to recover critically endangered species and habitats outside PAs and areas of high biodiversity value as well as to protect corridors and areas adjoining PAs. The scheme provides technical and financial assistance to states for protection of wildlife habitat.
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