Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The Chimmini Wildlife Sanctuary (CWS) is located along the Western Ghats in Mukundapuram taluk of Thrissur District of Kerala. The sanctuary is an important bird area with 192 recorded avian species such as grey-headed bulbul, Indian rufous babbler, white-bellied blue-flycatcher, Ceylon frogmouth, Indian edible-nest swiftlet, Malabar trogon and Loten’s sunbird. The sanctuary also offers trekking paths for the adventure traveller.

Notes:
The Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary (GSWS) is located in Virudhunagar and Madurai districts of Tamil Nadu and covers an area 485.2 sq Kms. Over 240+ species of birds are seen in this sanctuary including 14 species of birds endemic to the Western Ghats, such as the critically endangered Oriental white-backed vulture and the long-billed vulture. In addition to grizzled giant squirrels, the sanctuary is home to numerous animals such as barking deer, bonnet macaque, common langur, elephants, flying squirrels, gaur, Indian giant squirrel, leopard, lion-tailed macaques, mouse deer, Nilgiri langur and Nilgiri Tahrs. There are over 220 species of butterflies including many rare and endemic species. Some of the rare butterflies spotted here include Eversheds ace , Silver royal , Orange awlet , Hampsons hedge blue , etc.

Notes:
The Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary (PWS) is located in Somwarpet taluk of the Kodagu district, Karnataka and is spread over 102.59 square kilometres. It is home to rare and endangered birdlife such as great pied hornbill, Malabar trogon and Nilgiri blackbird. It is also home to mammals include elephant, tiger, slender loris, Nilgiri marten and bonnet macaque.

Notes:
Bannerghatta National Park was founded in the year 1970 and it was declared as a national park in 1974. It is located near Bangalore, Karnataka. The first butterfly enclosure in India is located in this National Park. Apart from that, the park has a zoo, an animal rescue centre, a snake house, a pet corner, an aquarium, and a safari park.

Notes:
A coral reef is a type of underwater ecosystem which is characterized by reef-building corals, formed of colonies of coral polyps by calcium carbonate. Coral reefs in India are found in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Gulf of Kutch, Gulf of Mannar, Lakshadweep, Netrani Island and some areas of Gulf of Khambat.

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The Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was adopted in the conference at Vienna on 22 March 1985. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was an international treaty which was organized in 1987.

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Water use efficiency is the ratio of water used in plant metabolism to water lost by the plant through transpiration. One of the major objectives of the National Water Mission is to increase the water use efficiency by 20% to save water from evaporation and runoff or subsurface drainage.

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Nitrate cannot be removed once it has entered the underground water system.

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Wadden Sea agreement is an agreement between Wadden Sea countries, aimed at protection of seals. The Wadden Sea is the largest tidal area in the world and the largest contiguous nature reserve in western Europe. The agreement was signed in the aegis of Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) in 1990.

Notes:
Moran-Hugrijan is famous for Oil field, and is located about 40 km south-west of Naharkatiya in Assam. Oil at Moran- Hugrijan field was discovered in 1953 and production started in 1956.