Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The Gorumara National Park (GNP) is located in Jalpaiguri district, West Bengal. The park is located in the Dooars region of the Himalayan foothills, it is a medium-sized park with grasslands and forests. It is primarily known for its population of Indian rhinoceros. The park has been declared as the best among the protected areas in India by the Ministry of Environment and Forests for the year 2009. It has recorded 50 species of mammals, 194 species of birds, 22 species of reptiles, 7 species of turtles, 27 species of fish, and other macro and micro fauna. The park is rich in large herbivores including Indian rhinoceros, gaur, Asian elephant, sloth bear, chital and sambar deer.

Notes:
Sultanpur National Park, formerly known as Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary, is located in the state of Haryana. During winter, a large number of migratory birds come here. Some of the migratory bird species are Siberian cranes, common greenshank, northern pintail, greater flamingo, ruff, black winged stilt, common teal, yellow wagtail, white wagtail, northern shoveller, rosy pelican.

Notes:
The Disaster Management Act, 2005 received the Presidential assent on 23 December, 2005. It envisaged the creation of the National Disaster Management Authority with not more than nine members (including a Vice-Chairperson) and the Prime Minister of India as its chairperson.

Notes:
The Slow Food movement was initiated in 1989, in Italy as a response to the growth of fast food and other changes in the world food system. It warns people to the harmful consequences of a fast-paced lifestyle and reintroduces people’s love for the food they eat.

Notes:
TRAFFIC was founded in 1976. Its headquarters are located in Cambridge, United Kingdom, DISS (Disability Information Services) is located in UK, PETA is People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals not related to wildlife, UN-HABITAT is United Nations Human Settlements Programme.

Notes:
In the year 2005, the National Tiger Conservation Authority was established. It is a statutory authority with legal backing to ensure tiger conservation. Project Tiger was launched in 1973. It had no statutory status.

Notes:
Silent Valley National Park also known as “Sairandhri Vanam” is located in the state of Kerala and is located in the Nilgiri hills. It is home to the lion-tailed macaques, an endangered species of primate. In 1973, “Save Silent Valley” campaign (environmental movement) was initiated when the Kerala State Electricity Board declared to implement the Silent Valley Hydro-Electric Project.

Notes:
Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area and tiger reserve which is located in the state of Tamil Nadu. It is home to many bird species also like treepies, bulbuls, babblers, mynahs.

Notes:
The lady’s slipper orchids are extremely rare in the Himalayas at present. It used to be found abundantly. The cultivation and planting of lady’s slipper orchids in India are prohibited by the Willd Life protection Act. Schedule VI of this act contains the plants, which are prohibited from cultivation and planting. Some of these plants are as follows

• Beddomes’ cycad (Cycas beddomei)
• Blue Vanda (Vanda soerulec)
• Kuth (Saussurea lappa)
• Ladies slipper orchids (Paphiopedilum spp.)
• Pitcher plant (Nepenthes khasiana)
• Red Vanda (Rananthera inschootiana)

Notes:
In a Grassland, the number of producers i.e. plants and grasses is more than the herbivore and number of carnivores is more than the herbivores. The same is valid for Ponds. In Forests, the Pyramid of Number is a broad shaped. The producers are more, herbivores are less but carnivores are again more. In Parasitic food chain, the Pyramid of Numbers is always inverted