Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
A greenhouse gas is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. The primary greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) act as indirect greenhouse gases by producing the tropospheric greenhouse gas ‘ozone’ via photochemical reactions in the atmosphere.

Notes:
The Kalesar National Park (KNP) is a protected area in Yamunanagar district of Haryana and covers 13,000 acres. It is a popular destination for Leopard and home to red jungle fowl among other birds. Other animals recorded were leopard cat, rusty-spotted cat, jungle cat, Indian jackal, Asiatic elephant, chital, sambar, barking deer, etc.

Notes:
The Ghughuwa Fossil Park (GFP) is located near Shahpura in Madhya Pradesh and was declared a National Park in 1983. It was founded during the 1970s by Dr. Dharmendra Prasad, in which plant fossils belonging to 31 genera of 18 families have been identified. A eucalyptus fossil found at Ghughua is the oldest fossil of its type ever discovered and this find supports its origins from Gondwana.

Notes:
The Rowa Wildlife Sanctuary (RWS) is located in Tripura and covers an area of only 0.86 square kilometres. The sanctuary is known for varies rare species plants and animals providing immense scope for the botany and zoology experts. According to statistics, the small sanctuary is a safe abode for 150 species of birds, wild beasts and primates.

Notes:
The lion-tailed macaque or the wanderoo, is an Old World monkey endemic to the Western Ghats of South India. The lion-tailed macaque ranks among the rarest and most threatened primates. Their range has become increasingly isolated and fragmented by the spread of agriculture and tea, coffee, teak and cinchona, construction of water reservoirs for irrigation and power generation, and human settlements to support such activities.

Notes:
T S R Subramanian Committee was constituted to review environmental laws in India. The committee has submitted its recommendations to the government recently.

Notes:
Eco-Development Forces (EDF) Scheme was launched in 1980s under Ministry of Defence. Under this scheme, Eco Task Force (ETF) Battalions are set up which are though under Ministry of Defence, yet the operational expenditure of it is borne by Ministry of Environment. The first Ecological Task Force (also known as Ecological Battalion) was set up in 1982, after Indira Gandhi received inputs that the problem of unemployment among retired Jawans and of the need to check deforestation and soil erosion could be solved in a single stroke.

Notes:
The International Radon Project (IRP) is a research initiative that was launched in the 1980s by the World Health Organization (WHO) in order to study the health effects of radon exposure and to develop guidelines for the protection of human health from radon-induced radiation. Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that is produced by the decay of uranium and radium, which are found in small amounts in soil, rock, and water. When radon is released into the air, it can be inhaled into the lungs, where it can expose the body to ionizing radiation and increase the risk of lung cancer.

Notes:
Kalka is in Panchkula Haryana and shimla all of you know. Kalka Shimla Railway spreads in Haryana and Himachal Pradesh,
Valley of Flowers National Park is located in Uttarakhand,
Mountain Railways of India are in Darjeeling,
Sundarbans National Park isn West Bengal and
Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park is in Gujarat.

Notes:
Oxygen toxicity is a concern for underwater divers, those on high concentrations of supplemental oxygen. It is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing oxygen at high pressures.