Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The Lengteng Wildlife Sanctuary (LWS) is a protected area in Champhai district in Mizoram and covers an area of 120 square kilometers . It is an alpine forest and contains the second highest peak in Mizoram. It is specially a conservation interest on rare species of birds. The most notable birds are the dark-rumped swift, grey sibia, Mrs. Hume’s pheasant, grey peacock pheasant, Oriental pied hornbill, rufous-bellied eagle, and white-naped yuhina. It is also home to tiger, leopard, sambar deer, barking deer, goral, etc.

Notes:
The Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary (AWS) is located in the southeast part of Kannur District of Kerala and covers an area of 55 Sq. Km. It is home to elephant, wild boar, leopard, mongoose, nilgiri langur, hanuman langur, malabar giant squirrel, etc.

Notes:
The Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary (BWS) is located in Ponda taluka of northeastern Goa and covers an area of 8 km2. A wide variety of animal life can be encountered, including: sambar deer, Indian bison, Malabar giant squirrel, Indian peafowl and many species of snakes.

Notes:
The Ghughuwa Fossil Park (GFP) is located near Shahpura in Madhya Pradesh and was declared a National Park in 1983. It was founded during the 1970s by Dr. Dharmendra Prasad, in which plant fossils belonging to 31 genera of 18 families have been identified. A eucalyptus fossil found at Ghughua is the oldest fossil of its type ever discovered and this find supports its origins from Gondwana.

Notes:
The Gajner Wildlife Sanctuary (GWS) is located at a distance of about 32.0 km from Bikaner in Rajasthan. There is a lake in this sanctuary and a variety of animals come here to quench their thirst in summer. It is a lush green forest which is a haven to the nilgai, chinkara, black buck, wild boar, flocks of imperial sand grouse and many other species of migratory birds that make the sprawling forest their winter home. This is one of the proposed forests for the reintroduction of cheetahs in India.

Notes:
The Navegaon National Park (NNP) is located in the Gondia district of Maharashtra and covers an area of 133.78 km2. It is an important conservation unit in Central India in general and Vidarbha in particular. It acts a “Green-lung” for the adjoining human settlements and helps in maintaining the environmental balance. It is a home to number of fishes, 209 species of birds, 9 species of reptiles and 26 species of mammals which includes Tiger, Panther, Jungle cat, Small India Civet, Palm Civet, Wolf, Jackals, Bisons, Sambars, etc. The one of the unique features of this sanctuary is the existence of diverse vegetation type ranging from dry mixed forests to moist forests. Its forests belong to the category of “Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests” – 5A/C3 as per the revised classification of the forests by Champion and Seth.

Notes:
The Bhitarkanika National Park (BNP) is located in Kendrapara district of Odisha and is spread over 672 square kilometers. It is in news recently because the national park has registered an impressive rise in mammal population due to adequate conservation measures and vigil by anti-poaching squad of the forest department. According to the latest head count report released by the forest department, the enumerators spotted 7,129 mammals of 14 species in Kendrapara district while the figure stood at 6,122 in 2016. According to wildlife staff, there are couple of factors are contributing to the rising graph. First, the rich and lush-green mangrove forest has turned out to be an ideal habitat for hyenas, boars and deer. Besides, lack of human interference in their habitation corridors has also emerged favourable. There is also imbalance in predator-prey base in Bhitarkanika. Unlike the Sundarbans, Bhitarkanika mangroves are devoid of tigers.

Notes:
This question is based upon recent trends in Gond and Korku tribes in Madhya Pradesh of planting fruit tree saplings conciding with Hari jiroti festival.

Notes:
The lion-tailed macaque or the wanderoo, is an Old World monkey endemic to the Western Ghats of South India. The lion-tailed macaque ranks among the rarest and most threatened primates. Their range has become increasingly isolated and fragmented by the spread of agriculture and tea, coffee, teak and cinchona, construction of water reservoirs for irrigation and power generation, and human settlements to support such activities.

Notes:
The Hukawang Valley is an isolated valley in Myanmar (Burma), roughly 5,586 square miles in area. The Burmese government has also designated 6500 square kilometre of the valley as the protected forest reserve. It is the world’s largest tiger reserve.