Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

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The India Meteorological Department which is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India was established in 1875. It is responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting, and seismology.

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The International Tsunami Information Centre also termed as ITIC was established in November 1965 by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It is located at Honolulu.

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The mitigation and compensation measures for all the identified significant impacts should be and financial plan for implementing the mitigation measures should be delineated under Environment Management Plan.

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The screening criteria is based upon the scale of investment, type of development and location of development. The state of ecosystem as it exists prior to the project and its potential effects is known as Baseline Data.

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Micro-organisms that can live within the pore interstices of sedimentary and even igneous rocks to depths of several kilometers are referred to as Lithophiles. Some of these mico-organisms are known to live on surface rocks, and make use of photosynthesis for energy.

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The trees of mangrove forest having
breathing roots, which are usually very large to stand in deep mud. The necessity of Mangrove having breathing roots is to obtain oxygen from the atmosphere, while the soil in which mangroves grow are poor in oxygen.

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Checking atomic blasts will reduce radioactive pollution. Sewage pollution can be prevented by treating sewage before passing into water course, in sewage treatment plant or effluent treatment plant (ETP). Electrically operated vehicles will control automobile exhaust and improve the air quality in cities. Environmental pollution can be controlled by treating factory wastes before disposing of them. So, if we treat wastewater before disposing of in a river, it will surely decrease the amount of dumped pollutants. For example- Steel industries have a high concentration of cyanide in it, and it led to harmful effect. So, treatment is really necessary.

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Lichens can be used as air pollution indicators, especially of the concentration of sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere. Air pollutants dissolved in rainwater, especially sulphur dioxide, can damage lichens, and prevent them from growing. This makes lichens natural indicators of air pollution.

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The glorious Pin Valley National Park is located in the cold desert area of Lahaul and Spiti in Himachal Predesh and is home to more than 20 species of animals and birds, including the endangered Snow Leopard. Wildly furious but majestic Pin River flows right through it. The park is located in the desert habitat of the Spiti Valley, within the Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, in the Himalayas region.

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• The Asian Waterbird Census is conducted in January each year and is coordinated by the Wetlands International South Asia and the Bombay Natural History Society in india.
• It is an integral part of the global waterbird monitoring programme, the International Waterbird Census (IWC), coordinated by Wetlands International.
• It was initiated in 1987 in the Indian subcontinent and since has grown rapidly to cover major region of Asia.
• It is the longest-running citizen science initiative.
• Under this initiative, systematic counting and monitoring of waterbirds is undertaken to study trends and condition of wetlands, covering hundreds of sites.