Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which article of the Indian Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and have compassion for living creatures”?
[A] Article 49
[B] Article 50
[C] Article 51A
[D] Article 63
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Article 51A]
Notes:
Article 51A of the Indian Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and have compassion for living creatures”.
42. Which of the following is the nodal agency in the country for the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)?
[A] Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
[B] Central Pollution Control Board
[C] National Afforestation And Eco-Development Board
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change]
Notes:
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the nodal agency in the country for the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Its headquarters is located in New Delhi.
43. Which of the following gas is the biggest overall contributor to the greenhouse effect?
[A] Carbon di-oxide
[B] Nitrous oxide
[C] Oxygen
[D] Water vapour
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Water vapour]
Notes:
Of all the gases which contribute to the Greenhouse effect, Water vapour is the biggest overall contributor. It controls the Earth’s temperature. It probably accounts for about 60% of the warming effect.
44. Which of the following statements are correct regarding REDD?
1) REDD means Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
2) the secondary objective is biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2]
Notes:
REDD means Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation. The original objective of REDD is to reduce greenhouse gases but it can also deliver “co-benefits” such as biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation.
45. Which of the following are the dimensions for adaptation and mitigation under National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture?
1. Water Efficiency
2. Pest Management
3. Agricultural Insurance
4. Access to Information
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 2, 3 & 4
[C] Only 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
The dimensions for adaptation and mitigation under National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture are as follows: 1. Improved Crop Seeds, Livestock and Fish Culture, 2. Pest Management, 3. Water Efficiency, 4. Improved Farm Practices, 5. Nutrient Management, 6. Agricultural Insurance, 7. Credit Support, 8. Markets, 9. Livelihood Diversification and 10. Access to Information
46. Which of the following is a plant that does not tolerate alkaline soil?
[A] Calcicole
[B] Calciphyte
[C] Calcifuge
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Calcifuge]
Notes:
Calcifuge is a plant that does not tolerate alkaline soil and are also described as ericaceous, as the prototypical calcifuge is the genus Erica (heaths). Under alkaline conditions, iron becomes less soluble.
47. Which of the following statements are correct regarding BioWeb?
1. It is a network of web-enabled biological devices which extends an internet of things to the Internet of Living Things of natural sensory devices.
2. These devices provide insights to real-time ecological data and feedback to changes in the environment.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
BioWeb is a network of web-enabled biological devices which expands an internet of things to the Internet of Living Things of natural sensory devices. These devices provide insights to real-time ecological data and feedback to changes in the environment.
48. Study of organisms in relation to their environment is called ____:
[A] Zoology
[B] Ecology
[C] Entomology
[D] Palynology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ecology]
Notes:
Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment, such as the interactions organisms have with each other and with their abiotic environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), number (population) of organisms, as well as competition between them within and among ecosystems.
49. Which among the following can be termed as a “dynamic living entity”?
[A] Tree
[B] Water
[C] Forest
[D] Air
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Forest]
Notes:
Forests are home to a large number of plants and animals. They are the “green lungs” and serve as water purifying systems of nature. In a forest, there are various types of interactions that occur between the living and the non-living components. The oxygen released during photosynthesis is used by the animals for respiration. In this way, plants and animals help in maintaining the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Therefore, forests can be considered as a dynamic living entity.
50. Gahirmatha Sanctuary is the only Sanctuary for _____ in Odisha:
[A] Turtles
[B] Crocodiles
[C] Elephants
[D] Deer
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Turtles]
Notes:
Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary is a marine wildlife sanctuary located in Odisha that is the world’s largest nesting beach for Olive Ridley Turtles. It extends from Dhamra River mouth in the north to Brahmani river mouth in the south. It is the one of world’s most important nesting beach for turtles.
