Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The screening criteria is based upon the scale of investment, type of development and location of development. The state of ecosystem as it exists prior to the project and its potential effects is known as Baseline Data.

Notes:
Kewra or keya bushes are also the most common vegetation
of these forests, which grow in clumps
or group. Kewra is widely utilized as a plantation species to create a shelter belt along the coastal areas and offshore islands of Bangladesh.

Notes:
Biological magnification is the increase in concentration of certain fat-soluble chemicals in successively higher trophic levels of a food chain or food web. In other words, as chemical compounds move up through the various links of a food chain by being consumed by different organisms, the toxic effect of these compounds is magnified. It plays a devastating role in certain types of pollution.

Notes:
DDT (Dichloro-diphenyl trichloro ethane) is a persistent organic pollutant that is readily adsorbed into soils and sediments, which can act both as sinks and as long-term sources of exposure affecting organisms. It pollutes the ground water system which contaminates the entire food chain by severely affecting humans dependent on these.

Notes:
Fuel cells do not emit any pollution at their point of use when run on pure hydrogen. The “well-to-wheels” emissions of fuel cell electric vehicles running on renewable hydrogen (extracted from water using clean energy) are almost 100 percent lower than those of conventional gasoline vehicles.

Notes:
Absence of fish along a river indicates zone of degradation. This zone is found for a certain length just below the point where sewage is discharged into the river-stream. This zone is characterised by water becoming dark and turbine with formation of sludge deposits at the bottom. D.O is reduced to about 40% of the saturated value.

Notes:
Kanchenzunga National Park is located in Sikkim. The park gets its name from the mountain Kanchenjunga which is 8,586 metres tall, the thirdhighest peak in the world. The park is known for animals like musk deer, snow leopard and Himalayan Tahr.

Notes:
Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary is a marine wildlife sanctuary located in Odisha that is the world’s largest nesting beach for Olive Ridley Turtles. It extends from Dhamra River mouth in the north to Brahmani river mouth in the south. It is the one of world’s most important nesting beach for turtles.

Notes:
Blowing or moving air is called wind. The speed of wind may vary from 5-10 km/h (gentle breeze) to 700-800 km/h (tornado). The speed and direction of wind is affected by the following factors :

• Location on the earth
• Rotation of the earth
• Local conditions
• Height from the ground

Notes:
The Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves, a UNESCO World Heritage site, encompasses 25 protected areas spanning 4,700 km² in Brazil. It features diverse landscapes from karst mountains to coastal wetlands, showcasing exceptional scenic beauty. The site is home to over 450 tree species per hectare, with 70% of tree species, 85% of primates, and 39% of mammals being endemic. It supports 120 mammal species, including the jaguar and black-faced lion tamarin, and 350 bird species. The area contains the largest number of karst caves in Brazil and is a crucial ecological corridor for the Atlantic Forest biome. Despite being one of the most threatened biomes, the site remains a vital hub for biodiversity conservation and research.