Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Hyaena, hogdeer, nilgai, goral, sponges and barking deer are listed in which of the following Schedules of the Wildlife Protection Act?
[A] Schedule 1
[B] Schedule 2
[C] Schedule 3
[D] Schedule 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Schedule 3]
Notes:
Hyaena, hogdeer, nilgai, goral, sponges and barking deer are listed in Schedules 3 of the Wildlife Protection Act. The penalties in schedule 3 are lower compared to schedule 1 and part 2 of schedule 2.
42. Which of the following are the effects of air pollution on vegetation?
1) It retards photosynthesis.
2) Sulphur dioxide causes chlorosis, plasmolysis, membrane damage and metabolic inhibition
3) Hydrocarbons such as ethylene cause premature leaf fall, fruit drop, etc;
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Air pollution not only affects human health but also affects vegetation a lot. It retards photosynthesis. Sulphur dioxide causes chlorosis, plasmolysis, membrane damage and metabolic inhibition and Hydrocarbons such as ethylene cause premature leaf fall, fruit drop, etc;
43. Which of the following is empowered to designate air pollution areas and to prescribe the type of fuel to be used in these designated areas under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981?
[A] Central government
[B] State government
[C] Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [State government]
Notes:
State government is empowered to designate air pollution areas and to prescribe the type of fuel to be used in these designated areas under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
44. Which article of the Indian Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and have compassion for living creatures”?
[A] Article 49
[B] Article 50
[C] Article 51A
[D] Article 63
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Article 51A]
Notes:
Article 51A of the Indian Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and have compassion for living creatures”.
45. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Stockholm Conference, 1972?
1. It was the first step towards which put forward environmental concerns on the global agenda.
2. The Stockholm Declaration contained principles and an Action Plan containing recommendations for environmental policy.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Stockholm Conference, 1972 was the first step towards which put forward environmental concerns on the global agenda. The Stockholm Declaration contained principles and an Action Plan containing recommendations for environmental policy.
46. Which of the following statements are correct with respect to Aestivation?
1. It is a state of animal dormancy.
2. It takes place during times of heat and dryness, the hot dry season.
3. Metabolic rate is lowered in response to high temperatures and arid conditions.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Aestivation refers to a state of animal dormancy. It takes place during times of heat and dryness, the hot dry season. Metabolic rate is lowered in response to high temperatures and arid conditions.
47. What species of small frog is found in the dense forested hill streams and forest streams in the Western Ghats of India?
[A] Nyctibatrachus manalari
[B] Micrixalus Saxicola
[C] Micrixalus Fuscus
[D] Both B and C
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Both B and C]
Notes:Micrixalus fuscus (dusky torrent frog or brown tropical frog) is a species of small frog that is found in the dense forested hill streams in the Western Ghats.
Micrixalus saxicola (Malabar tropical frog, black torrent frog, small torrent frog, Jerdon’s olive-brown frog) is a species of frog of the Micrixalidae family and is found in the forest streams in the Western Ghats.
48. Littoral and Swamp Forests can be seen in–
[A] Howrah
[B] Kolkata
[C] South 24 Pargana
[D] Hooghly
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [South 24 Pargana ]
Notes:
Littoral and Swamp Forests also known as
The Mangrove Forests is found in Ganga-Brahmaputra delta (Sundarbans) i.e. in the districts of South 24
Parganas and Southern region of North 24 Parganas.
49. Which of the following is a National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, UNESCO Natural World Heritage site, Project Tiger Reserve, Elephant Reserve as well as a Biosphere Reserve?
[A] Bandipur
[B] Gir
[C] Manas
[D] Rohla
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Manas ]
Notes:
- Bandipur National Park, established in 1973 as a tiger reserve under Project Tiger, is a national park located in the south Indian state of Karnataka.
- The Gir Forest National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary is a forest and wildlife sanctuary in Gujarat.
- Manas National Park or Manas Wildlife Sanctuary is a Wildlife Sanctuary, UNESCO Natural World Heritage site, a Project Tiger Reserve, an Elephant Reserve and a Biosphere Reserve in Assam.
- Rohla National Park in Kulu, Himachal Pradesh, is known for snow leopards.
50. Which country is home to the Península Valdés, an area known to accommodate 50% of the world’s southern right whale population?
[A] Argentina
[B] Chile
[C] Brazil
[D] Uruguay
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Argentina]
Notes:
The Península Valdés, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999, provides a sanctuary for marine mammals, hosting half of the world’s southern right whale population. The conservation area, located in Argentina, also houses breeding colonies of southern elephant seals and sea lions. A unique hunting strategy has evolved among its resident orcas. Furthermore, the 400,000-hectare desert-like headland features towering cliffs, expansive gulfs, and sandy beaches. Discovered by a Spanish expedition in 1779, it shows signs of Neolithic occupation like obsidian tools. The peninsula, divided into five sections, each offering unique attractions like whale watching, is home to myriad bird species, penguins, maras, and guanacos.
