Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. In which of the following year did Bhopal Gas Tragedy took place?
[A] 1982
[B] 1984
[C] 1986
[D] 1988
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [1984]
Notes:
The Bhopal gas tragedy also referred to as the Bhopal disaster is considered among the world’s worst industrial disasters. It was a gas leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant which is located in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.
42. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Environment Impact Assessment?
1. Screening is done based on type and location of development only.
2. The state of ecosystem as it exists prior to the project and its potential effects is known as Baseline Data.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2]
Notes:
The screening criteria is based upon the scale of investment, type of development and location of development. The state of ecosystem as it exists prior to the project and its potential effects is known as Baseline Data.
43. Which of the following is a lake with low primary productivity as a result of low nutrient content?
[A] Eutrophic lake
[B] Oligotrophic Lake
[C] Mesotrophic lakes
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Oligotrophic Lake]
Notes:
The lakes which have low primary productivity as a result of low nutrient content are known as Oligotrophic Lake. These lakes have very low algal production therefore they often have very clear waters, with high drinking-water quality.
44. Which of the following statements are correct regrading Gene banks?
1. Gene banks are established to protect genetic material, be it plant or animal.
2. In plants, genetic material can be saved by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds.
3. In animals, genetic material can be saved by freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until
further need.
Select the correct option from the code given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Gene banks are established to protect genetic material, be it plant or animal. In plants, genetic material can be saved by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds. In animals, genetic material can be saved by freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until further need.
45. Which of the following statements are correct with respect to Xerosere?
1. It is a type of plant succession which is limited by water availability.
2. Xerosere originates on rock surfaces which are in an unweathered state.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Xerosere is a type of plant succession which is limited by water availability. Xerosere originates on rock surfaces which are in an unweathered state. There are different stages in a xerarch succession.
46. Trans-boundary pollution (or) Acid rain is caused by ____:
[A] Hydrocarbon
[B] Carbon monoxide
[C] Nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide
[D] Carbon dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide]
Notes:
Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic i.e. it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It is caused by emissions of oxides of sulphur (SO2 or SO3) and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.
47. The Red Data Book is the documentation of endangered rare species of ____:
[A] Other living organisms
[B] Fauna
[C] Flora
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above ]
Notes:
A Red Data Book contains lists of species whose continued existence is threatened. Species are classified into different categories of perceived risk. It documents rare and endangered species of animals, plants and fungi, as well as other living organisms in an area, region or country.
48. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
[A] Forest protect the soil from erosion
[B] Plants and animals in a forest are not dependent on one another
[C] Forests influence the climate and water cycle
[D] Soil helps forest to grow and regenerate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Plants and animals in a forest are not dependent on one another]
Notes:
Plants and animals interact with each other in the environment. In the food chain, some animals each other animals and use them for food. Some animals depend on others through symbiotic relationships. Plants provide a global benefit to animals by releasing oxygen into the atmosphere.
49. Which of the following agricultural practices have been primarily responsible for pollution of our water resources?
A. Use of live-stock manure
B. Use of chemical fertilisers
C. Excessive use of chemical pesticides
D. Deforestation
[A] B and C
[B] A, C and D
[C] A and B
[D] A, B and D
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [B and C]
Notes:
Use of chemical fertilisers and excessive use of chemical pesticides are primarily responsible for pollution of our water and land resources. Manure and pesticides contains nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen, and pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and parasites. These pollutants contaminate water resources and reduce recreational potential of lakes and rivers, destroy wildlife habitat, and eliminate drinking water supplies for people and livestock.
50. Which of the following is the best solution to get rid of non-biodegradable wastes?
[A] Dumping
[B] Burning
[C] Recycling
[D] Burying
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Recycling]
Notes:
As non-biodegradable wastes like plastic bags, glass bottles, etc., cannot be broken down by decomposers, their disposal poses a big problem. Non-biodegradable wastes can be managed by practicing the concept of 3R— Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.
