Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. The Downhill movement of earth upper soil layer is mainly caused due to which of the following reason?
[A] Pollution
[B] Rain
[C] Drought
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Rain]
Notes:
A landslide is the movement of rock, earth, or debris down a sloped section of land. It is mainly caused due to a variety of factors. some of the man-made factors are- Deforestation, removal of the upper layer of soil, etc and the natural causes are rain, earthquake, etc.
42. Which of the following stages are comprised in 2006 Amendment to Environment Impact Assessment cycle?
1. Screening
2. Scoping
3. Public hearing
4. Appraisal
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 3 & 3
[B] Only 2, 3 & 4
[C] Only 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
The following four stages are comprised in 2006 Amendment to Environment Impact Assessment cycle:
1. Screening
2. Scoping
3. Public hearing
4. Appraisal
43. Which are the most common vegetation of Mangroves?
[A] Kewra bushes
[B] Litchi plants
[C] Tulsi plants
[D] Varenima bushes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Kewra bushes]
Notes:
Kewra or keya bushes are also the most common vegetation
of these forests, which grow in clumps
or group. Kewra is widely utilized as a plantation species to create a shelter belt along the coastal areas and offshore islands of Bangladesh.
44. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
[A] Forest protect the soil from erosion
[B] Plants and animals in a forest are not dependent on one another
[C] Forests influence the climate and water cycle
[D] Soil helps forest to grow and regenerate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Plants and animals in a forest are not dependent on one another]
Notes:
Plants and animals interact with each other in the environment. In the food chain, some animals each other animals and use them for food. Some animals depend on others through symbiotic relationships. Plants provide a global benefit to animals by releasing oxygen into the atmosphere.
45. Which of the following does not cause pollution?
[A] Burning of rubber
[B] Use of solar energy
[C] Burning of petrol
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Use of solar energy]
Notes:
Solar energy does not generate waste or contaminate water, or cause any pollution—an extremely important factor given the scarcity of water. Unlike fossil fuels and nuclear power plants, wind energy has one of the lowest water-consumption footprints, which makes it a key for conserving hydrological resources.
46. What was the main aim of Basel Convention?
[A] Bio-diversity Conservation
[B] Global Warming
[C] Protection of Ozone layer
[D] Climate Change
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Bio-diversity Conservation]
Notes:
Basel Convention is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (LDCs). It ultimately aims at biodiversity conservation.
47. Which of the following is the treatment of water pollution?
[A] Bag house filter
[B] Reverse Osmosis
[C] Windrow composting
[D] Venturi scrubber
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Reverse Osmosis]
Notes:
Reverse osmosis (RO) is a water purification technology that uses a semipermeable membrane to remove ions, molecules, and larger particles from drinking water. It can remove many types of dissolved and suspended species from water, including bacteria, and is used in both industrial processes and the production of potable water (Desalination of marine water). It is most commonly known for its use in drinking water purification plants particularly in countries of middle east.
48. Green House Effect means _____:
[A] Cultivation of crops in green house to conserve heat
[B] Trapping of solar energy due to carbon dioxide gases
[C] Trapping of solar energy by earth upper surface
[D] Increase of heat due to atmospheric pollution
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Trapping of solar energy due to carbon dioxide gases]
Notes:
Green House Effect is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric green house gases and is re-radiated in all directions. It results an increase in average temp of the planet.
49. Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
[A] Methyl isocyanate
[B] Methyl isochlorate
[C] Methyl phosphate
[D] Methyl isopropate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Methyl isocyanate]
Notes:
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died in human disaster.
50. Which of these islands has a unique feature of oceanic crust and mantle rocks exposed above sea level?
[A] Macquarie Island
[B] Greenland
[C] Hawaii
[D] Galapagos Islands
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Macquarie Island]
Notes:
Macquarie Island, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a subantarctic island 1,500 km southeast of Tasmania. It is a unique geological wonder, composed of oceanic crust and mantle rocks exposed above sea level. The island is home to 28 native vertebrates, including the royal penguin and Macquarie Island shag, with over 750,000 royal penguin pairs breeding annually. The island is also known for its megaherbs and endemic plants like the cushion plant Azorella macquariensis. It has no permanent human population but hosts a research station since 1948. The island’s ecosystem has been impacted by introduced species like rabbits and cats, leading to conservation efforts. Macquarie Island is subject to fierce winds and is an important site for seabirds and seals, with 3.5 million seabirds and 80,000 elephant seals arriving each year to breed and molt.
