Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. International Tropical Timber Agreement was signed in which of the following year?
[A] 1981
[B] 1982
[C] 1983
[D] 1984
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [1983]
Notes:
The International Tropical Timber Agreement was signed in the year 1983. It encourages the development of national policies that are aimed at the sustainable utilization and conservation of tropical forests and their genetic resources.
42. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was constituted under which of the following Acts?
[A] Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977
[B] Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
[C] Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974]
Notes:
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was constituted under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 in September, 1974. It is a statutory organisation. CPCB was given the powers and functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981.
43. Which of the following is the importance of Regulation of Coastal Zones?
1) Protection of ecologically Sensitive Areas
2) To balance development with conservation of the coastal environment
3) To mitigate the impacts of Climate Change
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 1 & 3
[C] Only 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Some of the importance of the Regulation of Coastal Zones are:
1) It helps to Protect the ecologically Sensitive Areas .
2) To balance the development and conservation of the coastal environment.
3) To mitigate the impacts of climate change
44. According to the Sustainable Development Goal 13, which of the following is the biggest threat towards development?
[A] Pollution
[B] Population
[C] Climate change
[D] Sea level rise
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Climate change]
Notes:
According to the Sustainable Development Goal 13, we should take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts because climate change is presently the biggest threat towards development.
45. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Emission trading?
1. It is also known as carbon credit.
2. Carbon credits can be acquired through various means such as afforestation, renewable energy, CO2 sequestration, methane capture, buying from an exchange (carbon credits trading) etc.
3. One carbon credit is equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide emitted.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Emission trading is also known as carbon credit. Carbon credits can be acquired through various means such as afforestation, renewable energy, CO2 sequestration, methane capture, buying from an exchange (carbon credits trading) etc. One carbon credit is equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide emitted.
46. Which of the following statements are correct regarding India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution to UNFCCC?
1. India aims to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35 per cent by 2030 from the 2005 level.
2. India aims to create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent by increasing forest and tree cover by 2030.
Select the correct option from the codes give below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
India aims to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35 per cent by 2030 from the 2005 level. India aims to create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent by increasing forest and tree cover by 2030.
47. Cellulose fibers are organic pollutant mainly produced by which Industry/ Industries?
I. Mining Industry
II. Soap and detergent Industry
III. Paper and Pulp Industry
[A] Only I
[B] Only II
[C] Only III
[D] Both II and III
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Only III]
Notes:
Cellulose for industrial use is mainly obtained from wood pulp and cotton. Cellulose is the major constituent of paper, paperboard, and card stock. It is also the main ingredient of textiles made from cotton, linen, and other plant fibres. It can be turned into rayon, an important fiber that has been used for textiles since the beginning of the 20th century.
48. Which among the following represents plateau phase in population?
[A] Birth rate and Death rate are equal
[B] Birth rate and death rate are not equal
[C] Birth rate is higher than death rate
[D] Death rate is more than birth rate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Birth rate and Death rate are equal]
Notes:
During the plateau phase, population size is constant so no more growth occurs. This is the result of natality rate being equal to mortality rate and is caused by resources becoming scarce as well as an increase in predators, diseases and parasites.
49. Thalweg Doctrine, which was in news recently, is related to which of the following?
[A] Outer Space
[B] Water Bodies
[C] Immigration
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Water Bodies]
Notes:Thalweg Doctrine is a part of international law that aims to resolve water boundary disputes. The doctrine states that the boundary between two states divided by a flowing body of water may be drawn along the thalweg, which is the line of the greatest depth of the channel. The boundary would follow the center of the principal navigable channel of the waterway.
The Thalweg Doctrine has been used in several disputes, including:
- The Shatt al-Arab between Iraq and Iran
- The Danube in central Europe (Croatia–Serbia border dispute)
- The Kasikili/Sedudu Island dispute between Namibia and Botswana
- The 2004 dispute settlement under the UN Law of the Sea
The Thalweg Doctrine has also been used in the Sir Creek dispute between India and Pakistan. The dispute is not settled yet due to a lack of trust.
50. To which of the following is Goldman Award related?
[A] Environment
[B] Scientific research
[C] Medical science
[D] Agricultural science
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Environment]
Notes:
The Goldman Environmental Prize is a prize awarded annually to grassroots environmental activists, one from each of the world’s six geographic regions: Africa, Asia, Europe, Islands and Island Nations, North America, and South and Central America. It was created in 1990 by philanthropists Richard N. Goldman and his wife, Rhoda H. Goldman.
