Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following is a cryogenic storage facility used to archive biological samples for use in research and experiments?
[A] Gene banks
[B] Biobank
[C] Carbon credit
[D] Biocapacity
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Biobank]
Notes:
A cryogenic storage facility which is used to archive biological samples for use in research and experiments is known as Biobank. Biobanks are an important resource in medical research which support many types of contemporary research like genomics and personalized medicine.
42. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Earth Hour?
1. It is a global event which is organized by WWF.
2. On this day households and businesses turn off their non-essential lights and other electrical appliances for an hour to raise awareness towards the need to take action on climate change.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Earth Hour is a global event which is organized by WWF. On this day households and businesses turn off their non-essential lights and other electrical appliances for an hour to raise awareness towards the need to take action on climate change.
43. In how many states do Central Government run the Namami Gange mission?
[A] 2
[B] 3
[C] 4
[D] 5
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [5]
Notes:
Namami Gange mission is run by the Central
Government in five states namely
Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand,
Bihar and West Bengal. It is managed by West Bengal Forest Department for
sustaining the biodiversity of the Ganga river ecosystem along with its
purification.
44. Which is used as an Air pollution indicator?
[A] Algae
[B] Fungi
[C] Bacteria
[D] Lichens
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Lichens]
Notes:
Lichens are used as air pollution indicators, especially of the concentration of Sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere. If air is very badly polluted with sulphur dioxide there may be no lichens present, just green algae may be found. If the air is clean, shrubby, hairy and leafy lichens become abundant.
45. Which of the following represents the most complex trophic level?
[A] Species
[B] Ecosystem
[C] Population
[D] Community
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ecosystem]
Notes:
In ecology, the trophic level is the position that an organism occupies in a food chain – what it eats, and what eats it. Ecosystem represents the most complex trophic level. Each species in an ecosystem is affected by the other species in that ecosystem. There are very few single prey-single predator relationships. Most prey are consumed by more than one predator, and most predators have more than one prey. It is also marked by multi trophic interactions that involve more than two trophic levels in a food web.
46. Which of the following is a biodegradable waste?
[A] Plastics
[B] Wool
[C] Nylon
[D] Polythene bags
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Wool]
Notes:
Biodegradable waste is a type of waste which can be broken down, in a reasonable amount of time, into its base compounds by micro-organisms and other living things, regardless of what those compounds may be. Wool is the textile fibre obtained from sheep and certain other animal products are organic in nature and thus can be degraded and be used as substrates for keratinase production.
47. Environmental pollution can be controlled by _____:
[A] Sewage treatment
[B] Manufacturing electric vehicles
[C] Checking atomic blasts
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above ]
Notes:
Checking atomic blasts will reduce radioactive pollution. Sewage pollution can be prevented by treating sewage before passing into water course, in sewage treatment plant or effluent treatment plant (ETP). Electrically operated vehicles will control automobile exhaust and improve the air quality in cities. Environmental pollution can be controlled by treating factory wastes before disposing of them. So, if we treat wastewater before disposing of in a river, it will surely decrease the amount of dumped pollutants. For example- Steel industries have a high concentration of cyanide in it, and it led to harmful effect. So, treatment is really necessary.
48. Which of the following diseases are due to water pollution?
[A] Cholera
[B] Typhoid
[C] Both Cholera and Typhoid
[D] Neither Cholera Nor Typhoid
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both Cholera and Typhoid]
Notes:
Waterborne diseases are conditions caused by pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted in water as Cholera and Typhoid. Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Typhoid fever is caused by bacterium Salmonella Typhi.
49. Which of the following is the treatment of water pollution?
[A] Bag house filter
[B] Reverse Osmosis
[C] Windrow composting
[D] Venturi scrubber
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Reverse Osmosis]
Notes:
Reverse osmosis (RO) is a water purification technology that uses a semipermeable membrane to remove ions, molecules, and larger particles from drinking water. It can remove many types of dissolved and suspended species from water, including bacteria, and is used in both industrial processes and the production of potable water (Desalination of marine water). It is most commonly known for its use in drinking water purification plants particularly in countries of middle east.
50. Microbial degradation of nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen is known as _____:
[A] Ammonification
[B] Denitrification
[C] Nitrification
[D] Putrefaction
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Denitrification]
Notes:
Denitrification is the biological conversion of nitrate to nitrogen gas, nitric oxide or nitrous oxide. It involves nitrate reduction by bacterial species such as Pseudomonas and Clostridium, usually in anaerobic conditions that ultimately produces molecular nitrogen (N2). These bacteria use nitrate as an electron acceptor instead of oxygen during respiration.