Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
Petrol, diesel, lead batteries, paints and hair dye products contain Lead. Lead particularly affects children. It can cause damage to the nervous system and create digestive problems and, in some cases, cause cancer.

Notes:
Because of Ozone gase our eyes itch, burn, water and it also lowers our resistance to cold and pneumonia. Emissions from vehicles and industries are the major source of ground level ozone emissions in the environment.

Notes:
Smog restricts visibility and harms the environment. It creates respiratory issues in humans. Heavy smog greatly decreases ultraviolet radiation and also results in the decrease of natural vitamin D production in humans.

Notes:
Turbidity is the measure of relative clarity of a liquid. The units which are used for measuring the turbidity of water are:
(a) NTU – Nephelometric Turbidity Units
(b) FNU- Formazin Nephelometric Unit
(c) EAU Formazin Attenuation Units

Notes:
With a share of almost 30 percent of the world’s total CO2 emissions, China tops the ranking of the largest green house gas emitter and the USA is the second largest Greenhouse Gas emitter.

Notes:
Global warming potential also termed as GWP provides information about the impact of each gas on global warming. Gases which has higher GWP absorb more energy resulting in more warming of the atmosphere.

Notes:
A biofuel is a fuel that is produced through contemporary processes from biomass (living or once-living material). They are a renewable source of energy and can be solid, liquid, or gaseous in nature.

Notes:
The Ozone-Depleting Substances are Chlorofluorocarbons, HCFCs and Halons which are responsible for the depletion of ozone layer. These substances when transferred to Stratosphere cause the depletion of ozone layer.

Notes:
Blowing or moving air is called wind. The speed of wind may vary from 5-10 km/h (gentle breeze) to 700-800 km/h (tornado). The speed and direction of wind is affected by the following factors :

• Location on the earth
• Rotation of the earth
• Local conditions
• Height from the ground

Notes:
The Heard and McDonald Islands are located in the sub-Antarctic region and serve as external territories of Australia. These volcanic islands, discovered in the 1850s by American mariners John Heard and William McDonald, were proclaimed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. These islands, recognized for their unique wildlife and geology (including active volcanoes), are considered one of the world’s most remote places. Initially claimed by the UK in 1910, they were transferred to Australia in 1947, hence, the land boasting the highest mountain under Australian sovereignty.