Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

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The International Tsunami Information Centre also termed as ITIC was established in November 1965 by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It is located at Honolulu.

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The Indian Tsunami Early Warning System popularly called as ITEWS was established under the responsibility of The Ministry of Earth Sciences. The Indian Tsunami Early Warning System was established in 2007 and is located in Hyderabad.

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The following four stages are comprised in 2006 Amendment to Environment Impact Assessment cycle:
1. Screening
2. Scoping
3. Public hearing
4. Appraisal

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Biopiracy refers to the theft of genetic materials especially plants and other biological materials by the process of patent. It is a situation where indigenous knowledge of nature, originating with indigenous people, is exploited for commercial gain without permission and compensation.

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Gene banks are established to protect genetic material, be it plant or animal. In plants, genetic material can be saved by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds. In animals, genetic material can be saved by freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until further need.

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Plasticulture refers to the practice of using plastic material in agricultural applications. They are also referred to as ag Plastics. Polyethylene (PE) is mostly used by the majority of people due to its easy availability.

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The Adaptation Fund was set up to finance the projects and programs aimed at helping developing countries to adapt to the harmful effects of climate change. The Adaptation Fund is supervised and managed by the Adaptation Fund Board (AFB).

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Ecotype is the basic unit of Biosystematics. It is adapted to a particular environment but capable of producing fully fertile hybrids with other ecotypes. The term Ecotype proposed by Turesson refers to “an ecological unit to cover the product arising as a result of genotypical response of an ecospecies to a particular habitat.”

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Loktak lake is located near Moirang in Manipur. It is the largest freshwater lake in North -East India. It is famous for the phumdis floating over it. Keibul Lamjao, the only floating national park in the world, floats over the Loktak Lake.

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Purnululu National Park, situated in the East Kimberley region of Western Australia, is recognized globally for the unique, cone-shaped karst formations of the Bungle Bungle Range. This World Heritage Site, covering over 239,723 hectares, houses a rich biodiversity including 150 bird species, 40 native mammals, and 81 reptile species. Notable for its indigenous cultural significance, it is also home to three of Australia’s most venomous snakes and features distinctive landmarks such as Echidna Chasm, Cathedral Gorge, and Piccaninny Gorge.