Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. The Disaster Management Act was made in which of the following year?
[A] 2003
[B] 2005
[C] 2007
[D] 2009
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [2005]
Notes:
The Disaster Management Act was enacted by the Government of India on 23 December 2005. It envisaged the creation of NDMA and SDMA which will be headed by the Prime Minister and Chief Ministers respectively.
42. Which of the following statements are correct regrading Public Hearing in Environment Impact Assessment?
1. The public must be informed and consulted on any proposed development under a project.
2. Everyone who is affected by the proposed project is entitled to have access to the Executive Summary of the EIA.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
The public must be informed and consulted on any proposed development under a project. Everyone who is affected by the proposed project is entitled to have access to the Executive Summary of the EIA.
43. Which of the following is the intentional release or dissemination of biological agents?
[A] Bioleaching
[B] Genetic erosion
[C] Bioterrorism
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [None of the above]
Notes:
The intentional release or dissemination of biological agents is known as Bio-terrorism. These agents of bio-terrorism include bacteria, viruses, or toxins, and may be in a naturally occurring or a human-modified form.
44. Which of the following statements are correct regarding BioWeb?
1. It is a network of web-enabled biological devices which extends an internet of things to the Internet of Living Things of natural sensory devices.
2. These devices provide insights to real-time ecological data and feedback to changes in the environment.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
BioWeb is a network of web-enabled biological devices which expands an internet of things to the Internet of Living Things of natural sensory devices. These devices provide insights to real-time ecological data and feedback to changes in the environment.
45. What is Bengal’s rank in India in terms of air pollution?
[A] 4
[B] 3
[C] 2
[D] 1
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [2]
Notes:
West Bengal, in 2019, accounted for the second-highest number of deaths linked to air pollution — 20.8 per cent of overall deaths — after Rajasthan in the country. Bardhaman (undivided) topped the pollution chart with 171.95 micrograms per cubic meter PM 10 concentration, nearly three times above limit.
46. Which of the following range of Air Pollutant Index is considered as hazardous?
[A] 101-200
[B] 201-300
[C] 301-500
[D] 401-500
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [301-500]
Notes:
An Air Quality Index (AQI) of 301-500 is considered as hazardous to human health. It denotes the severely polluted state of air. AQI values over 300 trigger health warnings of emergency conditions. The entire population is even more likely to be affected by serious health effects.
47. The five key indicators of global climate change of our planet are ____:
[A] Antarctic Sea ice, Oxygen, Rainfall, Drought and Sea level
[B] Sea-level, Rising temperatures, Rainfall, Nitrogen and Arctic Sea ice
[C] Arctic Sea ice, Carbon dioxide, Global Temperature, Sea level and Land ice
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Arctic Sea ice, Carbon dioxide, Global Temperature, Sea level and Land ice]
Notes:
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has developed a series of interactive maps and graphs to describe the global climate and how it has changed over time. They focus on 5 key climate indicators:
• carbon dioxide concentration
• global surface temperature
• Arctic sea ice
• land ice
• sea level
48. Study of organisms in relation to their environment is called ____:
[A] Zoology
[B] Ecology
[C] Entomology
[D] Palynology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ecology]
Notes:
Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment, such as the interactions organisms have with each other and with their abiotic environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), number (population) of organisms, as well as competition between them within and among ecosystems.
49. Which of the following primarily causes Mercury Pollution?
[A] Automobile Battery
[B] Diesel Engine
[C] Polymer
[D] CFL Lamp
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [CFL Lamp]
Notes:
Old compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) bulbs lead to mercury pollution. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, common CFL bulbs contain 3-5 milligrams (mg) of mercury. CFLs, like all fluorescent lamps, contain mercury as a vapor inside the glass. Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal that exists in several forms. Human contact with mercury, in any form, can produce toxic effects if the dose is high enough.
50. Which one of the following terms describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism, but also its functional role in the community of organisms?
[A] Eco-niche
[B] Ecosystem
[C] Ecozone
[D] Habitat
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ecosystem]
Notes:
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with other living and nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. The nature of the organisms—the species, functional groups and trophic levels to which they belong—dictates the sorts of actions these individuals are capable of carrying out, and the relative efficiency with which they do so.
