Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
Climate change poses a great threat to Agriculture and food security as Climate Change can affect crop yield as well as the types
of crops that can be grown in certain areas. It can also affect the Arable land present along the coastlines as the land will be reduced as a result of rising sea levels.

Notes:
Atmospheric aerosol can scatter and absorb the solar and infrared radiation. They can change the microphysical properties of the clouds. There are two types of aerosols – Natural aerosols and Anthropogenic aerosols.

Notes:
There are 8 missions contained in India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change which are as follows: National Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for Green India, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture, National Mission on Strategic Knowledge on Climate Change and National Bio-Energy Mission.

Notes:
The following Eight Biomes were considered in the first phase of the LTEO Programme namely; Western Himalaya, Eastern Himalaya, North-Western Arid Zone, Central Indian Forests, Western Ghats, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Jammu & Kashmir and Sundarbans.

Notes:
The branches of sustainability include the environment, the needs of present and future generations and the economy. Sustainable development is the type of development that meets the needs of the present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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The National Disaster Management Authority, which is also termed as NDMA, is an apex body of the Government of India which mandates to lay down different policies for disaster management. It is headed by the Prime Minister of India.

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Gene banks are established to protect genetic material, be it plant or animal. In plants, genetic material can be saved by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds. In animals, genetic material can be saved by freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until further need.

Notes:
The Aghanashini River forms its estuary in Kumta taluka of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka. Uttara Kannada is a coastal district in Karnataka known for its estuaries and rivers draining into the Arabian Sea. The estuary is located specifically within this district’s geographical area.

Notes:
An Air Quality Index (AQI) of 301-500 is considered as hazardous to human health. It denotes the severely polluted state of air. AQI values over 300 trigger health warnings of emergency conditions. The entire population is even more likely to be affected by serious health effects.

Notes:
Biodegradable waste is a type of waste which can be broken down, in a reasonable amount of time, into its base compounds by micro-organisms and other living things, regardless of what those compounds may be. Wool is the textile fibre obtained from sheep and certain other animal products are organic in nature and thus can be degraded and be used as substrates for keratinase production.