Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following is important for Sustainable Development?
[A] Decreasing Poverty
[B] Conservation of biological diversity
[C] Prevention and control of pollution
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Decreasing poverty, prevention and control of pollution, conservation biological diversity are some of the important aspects of Sustainable Development. It is can alternative approach to the theories of development, presently.
42. Which of the following statements are correct about the process of scoping Environment Impact Assessment?
1. It is a process of detailing the terms of reference of EIA.
2. Quantifiable impacts are to be assessed on the basis of factors like magnitude, prevalence, frequency and duration.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Scoping is a process of detailing the terms of reference of Environment Impact Assessment. Quantifiable impacts are to be assessed on the basis of factors like magnitude, prevalence, frequency and duration.
43. Which of the following statements are correct regrading Public Hearing in Environment Impact Assessment?
1. The public must be informed and consulted on any proposed development under a project.
2. Everyone who is affected by the proposed project is entitled to have access to the Executive Summary of the EIA.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
The public must be informed and consulted on any proposed development under a project. Everyone who is affected by the proposed project is entitled to have access to the Executive Summary of the EIA.
44. The presence of pollutants in the environment is usually expressed in ppm, where ppm stands for ____:
[A] Particles per mole
[B] Purity per microgram
[C] Pollutant prevent measures
[D] Parts per million
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Parts per million]
Notes:
PPM is an abbreviation of Parts Per Million. It is commonly used as a measure of small levels of pollutants in air, water, body fluids, etc. Parts per million is the mass ratio between the pollutant component and the solution.
45. Which of the following agricultural practices have been primarily responsible for pollution of our water resources?
A. Use of live-stock manure
B. Use of chemical fertilisers
C. Excessive use of chemical pesticides
D. Deforestation
[A] B and C
[B] A, C and D
[C] A and B
[D] A, B and D
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [B and C]
Notes:
Use of chemical fertilisers and excessive use of chemical pesticides are primarily responsible for pollution of our water and land resources. Manure and pesticides contains nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen, and pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and parasites. These pollutants contaminate water resources and reduce recreational potential of lakes and rivers, destroy wildlife habitat, and eliminate drinking water supplies for people and livestock.
46. Environmental pollution can be controlled by _____:
[A] Sewage treatment
[B] Manufacturing electric vehicles
[C] Checking atomic blasts
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above ]
Notes:
Checking atomic blasts will reduce radioactive pollution. Sewage pollution can be prevented by treating sewage before passing into water course, in sewage treatment plant or effluent treatment plant (ETP). Electrically operated vehicles will control automobile exhaust and improve the air quality in cities. Environmental pollution can be controlled by treating factory wastes before disposing of them. So, if we treat wastewater before disposing of in a river, it will surely decrease the amount of dumped pollutants. For example- Steel industries have a high concentration of cyanide in it, and it led to harmful effect. So, treatment is really necessary.
47. Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
[A] Methyl isocyanate
[B] Methyl isochlorate
[C] Methyl phosphate
[D] Methyl isopropate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Methyl isocyanate]
Notes:
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died in human disaster.
48. Absence of fish along a river indicates _____:
[A] Zone of active decomposition
[B] Zone of degradation
[C] Zone of recovery
[D] All zones of pollution
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Zone of degradation]
Notes:
Absence of fish along a river indicates zone of degradation. This zone is found for a certain length just below the point where sewage is discharged into the river-stream. This zone is characterised by water becoming dark and turbine with formation of sludge deposits at the bottom. D.O is reduced to about 40% of the saturated value.
49. In which country is the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Vjetrenica Cave located?
[A] Bosnia and Herzegovina
[B] Croatia
[C] Serbia
[D] Montenegro
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Bosnia and Herzegovina]
Notes:
Vjetrenica Cave, positioned in Ravno, Bosnia and Herzegovina, boasts remarkable biodiversity. As the world’s most biodiverse grotto, it houses over 200 animal species, with 90 troglobionts, creatures that live specifically in caves. The gem of nature spans 7,014 meters, augmented by four rivers, lakes, and waterfalls. Named for the chilling winds emanating from its entrance, it maintains a constant 11 degrees Celsius temperature. Chronologically, its first mention was in 77 A.D by Pliny the Elder, and it has been a protected sanctuary since 1950. This haven for cave-dwelling animals also features unique species, including bacteria and fungi.
50. On the border of which two countries can the Iguaçu National Park be found?
[A] Brazil and Argentina
[B] Brazil and Paraguay
[C] Argentina and Chile
[D] Brazil and Uruguay
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Brazil and Argentina]
Notes:
The Iguaçu National Park is a World Heritage Site straddling the borders of Brazil and Argentina. This locale is famous for the panoramic Iguaçu Falls, consisting of about 275 individual falls, spanning 2,700 meters. Most importantly, the park serves as a sanctuary for numerous rare animals like jaguars, ocelots, and jaguarundis. The phenomenal waterfall isn’t only a top tourist attraction but also an important habitat for species like the great dusky swifts. Proclaimed a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1984, the park exemplifies global importance in wildlife conservation.