Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

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Fly Ash  can pollute air and water considerably if it is not captured and disposed off properly. It causes respiratory problems. Fly ash settles on leaves and crops in fields in areas near to thermal power plants and lowers the plant yield.

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The Indian Forest Act, 1927 establishes 3 categories of forests, i.e., Reserve forests, Protected forests and Village forests. The Act is majorly based on previous Indian Forest Acts implemented under the British rule.

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Solar energy is produced when solar power is converted to electric energy. Hydroelectricity is produced when tidal energy is converted into electrical energy. Both of these types of sources of energy does not emit carbon dioxide.

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Hydrofluorocarbons are organic compounds that contain fluorine and hydrogen atoms. They are also called as HFC’s and posses a great threat to the environment.  Some of the industries which use HFC’s are refrigerants, aerosol propellants, solvents, and fire retardants.

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There are 8 missions contained in India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change which are as follows: National Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for Green India, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture, National Mission on Strategic Knowledge on Climate Change and National Bio-Energy Mission.

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National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture was launched in 2011 by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. The prime objectives of NICRA are:
1) Strategic research
2) Technology demonstrations 
3) Capacity building

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Scoping is a process of detailing the terms of reference of Environment Impact Assessment. Quantifiable impacts are to be assessed on the basis of factors like magnitude, prevalence, frequency and duration.

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Micrixalus fuscus (dusky torrent frog or brown tropical frog) is a species of small frog that is found in the dense forested hill streams in the Western Ghats.

Micrixalus saxicola (Malabar tropical frog, black torrent frog, small torrent frog, Jerdon’s olive-brown frog) is a species of frog of the Micrixalidae family and is found in the forest streams in the Western Ghats.

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A Red Data Book contains lists of species whose continued existence is threatened. Species are classified into different categories of perceived risk. It documents rare and endangered species of animals, plants and fungi, as well as other living organisms in an area, region or country.

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Water is one of the abiotic factors that are nonliving chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems. They affect living organisms in terms of growth, maintenance, and reproduction. A biotic factor is any living component that affects the population of another organism, or the environment.