Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in which of the following years?
[A] 1981
[B] 1982
[C] 1983
[D] 1984
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [1981]
Notes:
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in 1981. The Act states that sources of air pollution, for example, industry, vehicles, power plants, etc., are not permitted to release particulate matter, lead, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or other toxic substances beyond a prescribed limit.
42. Which article of the Indian Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and have compassion for living creatures”?
[A] Article 49
[B] Article 50
[C] Article 51A
[D] Article 63
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Article 51A]
Notes:
Article 51A of the Indian Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and have compassion for living creatures”.
43. Which of the following is/are the impact of Climate change on Agriculture and food security?
1) Climate Change can affect crop yield
2) Arable land along the coastlines will be reduced as a result of rising sea levels.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Climate change poses a great threat to Agriculture and food security as Climate Change can affect crop yield as well as the types
of crops that can be grown in certain areas. It can also affect the Arable land present along the coastlines as the land will be reduced as a result of rising sea levels.
44. Which of the following reasons affects the food production?
[A] Use of Organic manures
[B] Use of Modern Technologies
[C] Due to increase in pests
[D] Due to reduction in pollution
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Due to increase in pests]
Notes:
Food production will be seriously affected by the climate change both directly and indirectly. An increase in pests and animal diseases leads to the reduction in the yield of crops and the quality of yield.
45. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Green Building?
1. Green Buildings minimize the demand of non-renewable resources and maximizes their utilization efficiency.
2. They minimize reuse and recycling of available resources.
3. It benefits environment through the utilization of renewable resources.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Only 1 & 3]
Notes:
Green Buildings minimize the demand of non-renewable resources and maximizes their utilization efficiency. They maximize reuse and recycling of available resources in the environment. It benefits environment through the utilization of renewable resources.
46. Which one of these trees is actually native to India?
[A] Banyan
[B] Oak
[C] Maple
[D] Pine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Banyan]
Notes:
The Banyan tree is a type of fig tree native to India. It is scientifically known as Ficus benghalensis. Banyan trees are considered the largest trees in the world in terms of the area they cover. They have a long lifespan and can survive for several centuries. A Banyan seed grows on another tree as an epiphyte, eventually surrounding the host tree and living independently.
47. Which of the following statements are correct regrading Biopiracy?
1. It refers to the theft of genetic materials especially plants and other biological materials by the process of patent.
2. It is a situation where indigenous knowledge of nature, originating with indigenous people, is
exploited for commercial gain without permission and compensation.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Biopiracy refers to the theft of genetic materials especially plants and other biological materials by the process of patent. It is a situation where indigenous knowledge of nature, originating with indigenous people, is exploited for commercial gain without permission and compensation.
48. Which of the following is a biodegradable waste?
[A] Plastics
[B] Wool
[C] Nylon
[D] Polythene bags
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Wool]
Notes:
Biodegradable waste is a type of waste which can be broken down, in a reasonable amount of time, into its base compounds by micro-organisms and other living things, regardless of what those compounds may be. Wool is the textile fibre obtained from sheep and certain other animal products are organic in nature and thus can be degraded and be used as substrates for keratinase production.
49. Highest source of air pollution in the world is _____:
[A] Aircraft
[B] Automobiles
[C] Industries
[D] Household wastes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Automobiles]
Notes:
According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), automobile emissions are the number one source of carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds released into the atmosphere that are primarily responsible for air pollution. Industrial processes are the number two cause of lead pollution in the air, following automobile emissions.
50. Which of the following item is not included in Environmental Auditing?
[A] Scrutiny by the government agencies
[B] Pollution monitoring schemes
[C] Safety provisions for industrial workers
[D] Storage of toxic chemicals
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Scrutiny by the government agencies]
Notes:
Environmental auditing is a systematic, documented, periodic and objective process in assessing an organization’s activities and services in relation to: Assessing compliance with relevant statutory and internal requirements. Facilitating management control of environmental practices. Scrutiny by the Government agencies is not included in the Environmental Auditing
