Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following are the objectives of Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981?
1. It aims to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution.
2. It establishes central and State Boards in order to implement the Act.
3. The Act aims to confer on the Boards the powers to implement the provisions of the Act.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 aims to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution. It establishes central and State Boards in order to implement the Act. The Act aims to confer on the Boards the powers to implement the provisions of the Act.
42. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was constituted under which of the following Acts?
[A] Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977
[B] Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
[C] Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974]
Notes:
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was constituted under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 in September, 1974. It is a statutory organisation. CPCB was given the powers and functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981.
43. Which of the following statements regarding Ocean acidification are correct?
1) Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time.
2) The major cause is Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere.
3) Harm life forms that rely on carbonate-based shells and skeletons
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time of which the major cause is Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere. It is Harmful for the life forms that rely on carbonate-based shells and skeletons.
44. Which of the following is/are the elements of sustainable agriculture?
1) Permaculture
2) Agroforestry
3) Mixed farming
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Permaculture is a method of developing ecologically harmonious, efficient, and sustainable means of farming. The Agroforestry and mixed farming uses a land management system in which trees or shrubs or crops and livestock are raised together. Hence all three are elements of sustainable agriculture.
45. Which of the following methods can be helpful in preventing floods?
[A] Deforestation
[B] Afforestation
[C] Tilling of land
[D] Removing the top soil
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Afforestation]
Notes:
A flood is an overflow of water that submerges the low lying lands. Some of the reasons which are responsible for floods are deforestation, tilling of land, etc. Afforestation is a method that can be helpful in preventing floods.
46. The India Tsunami Warning centre is located at which of the following places?
[A] Chennai
[B] Hyderabad
[C] Goa
[D] Mumbai
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Hyderabad]
Notes:
The Indian Tsunami Early Warning System popularly called as ITEWS was established under the responsibility of The Ministry of Earth Sciences. The Indian Tsunami Early Warning System was established in 2007 and is located in Hyderabad.
47. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Environmental Supplemental Plan?
1. It refers to an environmentally beneficial project or activity twhich is not required by law.
2. An alleged violator of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 agrees to undertake an environmentally beneficial project as part of the process of environmental clearance.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Environmental Supplemental Plan refers to an environmentally beneficial project or activity twhich is not required by law. An alleged violator of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 agrees to undertake an environmentally beneficial project as part of the process of environmental clearance.
48. What species of small frog is found in the dense forested hill streams and forest streams in the Western Ghats of India?
[A] Nyctibatrachus manalari
[B] Micrixalus Saxicola
[C] Micrixalus Fuscus
[D] Both B and C
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Both B and C]
Notes:Micrixalus fuscus (dusky torrent frog or brown tropical frog) is a species of small frog that is found in the dense forested hill streams in the Western Ghats.
Micrixalus saxicola (Malabar tropical frog, black torrent frog, small torrent frog, Jerdon’s olive-brown frog) is a species of frog of the Micrixalidae family and is found in the forest streams in the Western Ghats.
49. Which of the following is regarded as the world’s largest sand island?
[A] K’gari (Fraser Island)
[B] Great Barrier Island
[C] North Stradbroke Island
[D] Moreton Island
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [K’gari (Fraser Island)]
Notes:
K’gari, also known as Fraser Island, is recognized globally as the largest sand island. Located in Queensland, Australia, this World Heritage-listed island covers a vast expanse of 120 kilometers. Further adding to its ecological significance, it harbors varied ecosystems ranging from rainforests to perched freshwater lakes. Notably, it serves as a habitat for a pure breed of dingoes and is home to Boomanjin Lake, the world’s largest perched lake. The island carries a historic and cultural resonance as it was once associated with the Butchulla people and used as an Allied training base during World War II.
50. In which country is the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Vjetrenica Cave located?
[A] Bosnia and Herzegovina
[B] Croatia
[C] Serbia
[D] Montenegro
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Bosnia and Herzegovina]
Notes:
Vjetrenica Cave, positioned in Ravno, Bosnia and Herzegovina, boasts remarkable biodiversity. As the world’s most biodiverse grotto, it houses over 200 animal species, with 90 troglobionts, creatures that live specifically in caves. The gem of nature spans 7,014 meters, augmented by four rivers, lakes, and waterfalls. Named for the chilling winds emanating from its entrance, it maintains a constant 11 degrees Celsius temperature. Chronologically, its first mention was in 77 A.D by Pliny the Elder, and it has been a protected sanctuary since 1950. This haven for cave-dwelling animals also features unique species, including bacteria and fungi.