Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

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The phases involved in Environment Impact Assessment process in India are as follows: Screening, Scoping, Baseline data collection, Impact prediction, Assessment of alternatives, delineation of mitigation measures and environmental impact statement, Public hearing, Environment Management Plan, Decision making and Monitoring the clearance conditions.

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Impact prediction in EIA is a method of mapping the environmental impacts of the significant aspects of the project and its alternatives. Environmental impact can never be predicted with absolute certainty.

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The Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF) was established in 2001 and is operated by the Global Environment Facility (GEF). It was established to support these countries work programme under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

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Micrixalus fuscus (dusky torrent frog or brown tropical frog) is a species of small frog that is found in the dense forested hill streams in the Western Ghats.

Micrixalus saxicola (Malabar tropical frog, black torrent frog, small torrent frog, Jerdon’s olive-brown frog) is a species of frog of the Micrixalidae family and is found in the forest streams in the Western Ghats.

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Minamata disease is a neurological syndrome caused by severe methyl mercury poisoning. It is caused by eating large quantities of fish and shellfish polluted by methyl mercury in factory wastewater. The disease is named after Minamata city in Kumamoto prefecture, Japan, where it was first discovered in 1956.

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Cellulose for industrial use is mainly obtained from wood pulp and cotton. Cellulose is the major constituent of paper, paperboard, and card stock. It is also the main ingredient of textiles made from cotton, linen, and other plant fibres. It can be turned into rayon, an important fiber that has been used for textiles since the beginning of the 20th century.

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Thermal pollution is defined as the addition of excess of undesirable heat to water thereby making it harmful to man, animal or aquatic life. A common cause of thermal pollution is the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers. The change in ambient temperature of water decreases oxygen supply and affects ecosystem composition.

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Environmental auditing is a systematic, documented, periodic and objective process in assessing an organization’s activities and services in relation to: Assessing compliance with relevant statutory and internal requirements. Facilitating management control of environmental practices. Scrutiny by the Government agencies is not included in the Environmental Auditing

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The coast of Tamil Nadu (Coromandal coast) receives most of its annual rainfall from the retreating monsoon during October-December. This rainy extension of the generally dry retreating monsoon is called the northeast, or winter, monsoon. It is in contrast to the south west monsoon that brings rainfall over the Northern plains and eastern India during July-September.

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The Okavango Delta in Botswana was inscribed as the 1000th UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014. This inland delta, formed by the Okavango River, spans 6-15,000 square kilometers undergoing seasonal flooding. It is a refuge for over 260,000 mammals and 400 bird species, including endangered species. The delta’s unique ecosystem provides a source of fresh water, food, and job opportunities through tourism while supporting indigenous communities. Ensuring biodiversity and sustainable livelihoods is the focus of the 2008 Okavango Delta Management Plan. With over 150,000 islands, Chief’s Island is the largest, demonstrating the delta’s exceptional natural beauty and ecological significance.