Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974?
1. It empowers State Pollution Control Boards to establish and enforce effluent standards for factories.
2. It empowers SPCB and CPCB to test equipment and to take the sample for the purpose of analysis.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 empowers State Pollution Control Boards to establish and enforce effluent standards for factories. It also empowers SPCB and CPCB to test equipment and to take the sample for the purpose of analysis.
42. Which of the following statements are correct regarding India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution to UNFCCC?
1. India aims to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35 per cent by 2030 from the 2005 level.
2. India aims to create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent by increasing forest and tree cover by 2030.
Select the correct option from the codes give below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
India aims to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35 per cent by 2030 from the 2005 level. India aims to create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent by increasing forest and tree cover by 2030.
43. At which of the following places, Volcanoes are generally found?
[A] Intraplates crush against each other or pull apart
[B] Earth’s crust crush against each other or pull apart
[C] Tectonic plates crush against each other or pull apart
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Tectonic plates crush against each other or pull apart]
Notes:
Most of the volcanoes are present at the places where the tectonic plates crush against each other or pull apart. Sixty percent of all active volcanoes occur at the boundaries between tectonic plates.
44. Where is Nagavara lake located in Karnataka?
[A] Gulbarga
[B] Hubbali
[C] Kolar
[D] Bengaluru
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Bengaluru]
Notes:
Nagavara lake is located in Bengaluru, Karnataka. Bengaluru is known for several lakes formed from natural and man-made sources. Nagavara lake is among the prominent lakes in the city.
45. Mixed forest comprise of which of the following trees grown together?
[A] Grassland and shrubs
[B] Deciduous and Shrubs
[C] Evergreen and Deciduous
[D] Evergreen and Shrubs
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Evergreen and Deciduous ]
Notes:
The growing of evergreen and deciduous trees together form the mixed forests.
46. Human Environment Conference 1972 was held at ____:
[A] Paris
[B] Geneva
[C] Australia
[D] Stockholm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Stockholm]
Notes:
The conference was held in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, in 1972. The conference is widely recognized as the beginning of modern political and public awareness of global environmental problems.
47. Which of the following is a biotic component of environment?
[A] Energy
[B] Radiation
[C] Water
[D] Green plant
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Green plant]
Notes:
Biotic components are the living things that shape an ecosystem. Examples of biotic components include animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. Abiotic components are non-living components that influence an ecosystem. Examples of abiotic factors are temperature, air currents, and minerals.
48. In which country is the Great Dividing Range situated?
[A] Australia
[B] New Zealand
[C] Canada
[D] United States
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Australia]
Notes:
The Great Dividing Range, home to a UNESCO World Heritage Site – the Wet Tropics of Queensland, exhibits an exceptional display of natural beauty, diverse species, and is soaked in evolutionary history. This region preserves the ancient Gondwanan forest of 50-100 million years ago, and is significant in deciphering the evolution of Australian flora and fauna. The range hosts over 400 threatened or rare species and indigenous communities have resided here for over 5,000 years. The highest Australian waterfall, Wallaman Falls, the 13 primary river systems, and multiple national parks are also part of this geography.
49. Which national park is famous for its Bungle Bungle Range?
[A] Purnululu National Park
[B] Kakadu National Park
[C] Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park
[D] Great Sandy National Park
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Purnululu National Park]
Notes:
Purnululu National Park, situated in the East Kimberley region of Western Australia, is recognized globally for the unique, cone-shaped karst formations of the Bungle Bungle Range. This World Heritage Site, covering over 239,723 hectares, houses a rich biodiversity including 150 bird species, 40 native mammals, and 81 reptile species. Notable for its indigenous cultural significance, it is also home to three of Australia’s most venomous snakes and features distinctive landmarks such as Echidna Chasm, Cathedral Gorge, and Piccaninny Gorge.
50. In which country would you find the Okavango Delta, a sanctuary for endangered species such as cheetahs, black and white rhinoceros, and African wild dogs?
[A] Botswana
[B] South Africa
[C] Namibia
[D] Zimbabwe
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Botswana]
Notes:
The Okavango Delta in Botswana was inscribed as the 1000th UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014. This inland delta, formed by the Okavango River, spans 6-15,000 square kilometers undergoing seasonal flooding. It is a refuge for over 260,000 mammals and 400 bird species, including endangered species. The delta’s unique ecosystem provides a source of fresh water, food, and job opportunities through tourism while supporting indigenous communities. Ensuring biodiversity and sustainable livelihoods is the focus of the 2008 Okavango Delta Management Plan. With over 150,000 islands, Chief’s Island is the largest, demonstrating the delta’s exceptional natural beauty and ecological significance.
