Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Climate forcings?
1) Negative forcings warm the earth
2) Positive forcings cool the earth.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Neither 1 & 2]
Notes:
Climate “forcings” are the factors that either increase the effects on the climate system or decrease the effects on the climate system. Positive forcings warm the earth while negative forcings actually cool the earth.
42. Which of the following are the missions contained in India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change?
1. National Solar Mission
2. National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency
3. National Mission on Sustainable Habitat
4. National Mission on Atomic Energy
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 1, 2 & 3
[C] Only 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
There are 8 missions contained in India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change which are as follows: National Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for Green India, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture, National Mission on Strategic Knowledge on Climate Change and National Bio-Energy Mission.
43. United Nations disaster management team is responsible for solving problems resulting from disaster in which of the following continents?
1) Asia
2) Africa
3) Australia
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only1
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2, & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, & 3]
Notes:
The United Nations Disaster Management Team (UNDMT) works to address the challenges created by any natural or manmade hazard and climate change. It is responsible for solving problems resulting from disasters in every continent.
44. Which of the following statements are correct regrading Gene banks?
1. Gene banks are established to protect genetic material, be it plant or animal.
2. In plants, genetic material can be saved by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds.
3. In animals, genetic material can be saved by freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until
further need.
Select the correct option from the code given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Gene banks are established to protect genetic material, be it plant or animal. In plants, genetic material can be saved by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds. In animals, genetic material can be saved by freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until further need.
45. What amount of rainfall does an area typically receive to support grasslands and shrubs kind of vegetation?
[A] Less than 25 cm
[B] Between 25 cm and 75 cm
[C] Between 75 cm to 150 cm
[D] More than 150 cm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Between 25 cm and 75 cm]
Notes:
Grasslands and shrubs ecosystems typically flourish in areas that receive 25 cm to 75 cm of rainfall per year. This range of rainfall is not sufficient for supporting dense forests but is adequate for grasses and shrubs. The richness and distribution of species are greatly affected by rainfall patterns and seasonality. Knowing the amount of rainfall helps in predicting vegetation type in a particular region, which is crucial for management and conservations strategies.
46. Which of the following agricultural practices have been primarily responsible for pollution of our water resources?
A. Use of live-stock manure
B. Use of chemical fertilisers
C. Excessive use of chemical pesticides
D. Deforestation
[A] B and C
[B] A, C and D
[C] A and B
[D] A, B and D
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [B and C]
Notes:
Use of chemical fertilisers and excessive use of chemical pesticides are primarily responsible for pollution of our water and land resources. Manure and pesticides contains nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen, and pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and parasites. These pollutants contaminate water resources and reduce recreational potential of lakes and rivers, destroy wildlife habitat, and eliminate drinking water supplies for people and livestock.
47. Garampani Sanctuary is located at ______:
[A] Diphu, Assam
[B] Gangtok, Sikkim
[C] Junagarh, Gujarat
[D] Kohima, Nagaland
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Diphu, Assam]
Notes:
Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Karbi Anglong district, Assam. It is located at 92 km from Diphu. It is one of the oldest sanctuaries containing hot water spring and waterfalls and surrounded by Nambor Sanctuary having 51 rare species of orchid.
48. In 1973, the Project Tiger was started in which National Park?
[A] Sanjay Gandhi
[B] Sunderbans
[C] Jim Corbett
[D] Bhitarkanika
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Jim Corbett]
Notes:
Jim Corbett believed in the conservation of the ecosystem and wildlife, especially tigers and that is why Jim Corbett National Park was chosen as the venue for the inauguration of ‘Save the tigers’ project in India. Project tiger was launched in 1973. Basic intention of Project Tiger is to maintain the ecological balance of nature and conserve extant ecosystems. The project seeks to establish a natural link between the wildlife & flora of national parks and sanctuaries and the humans living on their peripheries.
49. Which national park is famous for its Bungle Bungle Range?
[A] Purnululu National Park
[B] Kakadu National Park
[C] Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park
[D] Great Sandy National Park
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Purnululu National Park]
Notes:
Purnululu National Park, situated in the East Kimberley region of Western Australia, is recognized globally for the unique, cone-shaped karst formations of the Bungle Bungle Range. This World Heritage Site, covering over 239,723 hectares, houses a rich biodiversity including 150 bird species, 40 native mammals, and 81 reptile species. Notable for its indigenous cultural significance, it is also home to three of Australia’s most venomous snakes and features distinctive landmarks such as Echidna Chasm, Cathedral Gorge, and Piccaninny Gorge.
50. The world heritage site “Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves” is located in which country?
[A] Brazil
[B] Argentina
[C] Colombia
[D] Peru
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Brazil]
Notes:
The Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves, a UNESCO World Heritage site, encompasses 25 protected areas spanning 4,700 km² in Brazil. It features diverse landscapes from karst mountains to coastal wetlands, showcasing exceptional scenic beauty. The site is home to over 450 tree species per hectare, with 70% of tree species, 85% of primates, and 39% of mammals being endemic. It supports 120 mammal species, including the jaguar and black-faced lion tamarin, and 350 bird species. The area contains the largest number of karst caves in Brazil and is a crucial ecological corridor for the Atlantic Forest biome. Despite being one of the most threatened biomes, the site remains a vital hub for biodiversity conservation and research.