Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

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In the year 1980 the Department of Environment was established in India which was to ensure a healthy environment for the country. This department later became the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) in 1985.

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Global warming can be defined as the century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and its related effects. Among all the given gases only Carbon dioxide contributes to the Global warming.

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Food production will be seriously affected by the climate change both directly and indirectly. An increase in pests and animal diseases leads to the reduction in the yield of crops and the quality of yield.

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There are 8 missions contained in India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change which are as follows: National Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for Green India, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture, National Mission on Strategic Knowledge on Climate Change and National Bio-Energy Mission.

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It is little expensive to design and construct a green building. The cost of operating a Green Building is less and has tremendous environmental benefits. Green Buildings use minimum energy to power itself.

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Permaculture is a method of developing ecologically harmonious, efficient, and sustainable means of farming. The Agroforestry and mixed farming uses a land management system in which trees or shrubs or crops and livestock are raised together. Hence all three are elements of sustainable agriculture.

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Plasticulture refers to the practice of using plastic material in agricultural applications. They are also referred to as ag Plastics. Polyethylene (PE) is mostly used by the majority of people due to its easy availability.

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The most abundant organic compound in the terrestrial environment is cellulose. A type of carbohydrate, cellulose contains chains of glucose rings. Providing strength and rigidity, cellulose forms the cell walls of plants. Cellulose is the primary constituent of wood, making this organic compound the most abundant one on the surface of the Earth.

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Jim Corbett believed in the conservation of the ecosystem and wildlife, especially tigers and that is why Jim Corbett National Park was chosen as the venue for the inauguration of ‘Save the tigers’ project in India. Project tiger was launched in 1973. Basic intention of Project Tiger is to maintain the ecological balance of nature and conserve extant ecosystems. The project seeks to establish a natural link between the wildlife & flora of national parks and sanctuaries and the humans living on their peripheries.

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Vjetrenica Cave, positioned in Ravno, Bosnia and Herzegovina, boasts remarkable biodiversity. As the world’s most biodiverse grotto, it houses over 200 animal species, with 90 troglobionts, creatures that live specifically in caves. The gem of nature spans 7,014 meters, augmented by four rivers, lakes, and waterfalls. Named for the chilling winds emanating from its entrance, it maintains a constant 11 degrees Celsius temperature. Chronologically, its first mention was in 77 A.D by Pliny the Elder, and it has been a protected sanctuary since 1950. This haven for cave-dwelling animals also features unique species, including bacteria and fungi.