Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following is the primary components of photochemical smog?
[A] Carbon Dioxide
[B] Ozone
[C] Carbon Monoxide
[D] Sulphur Dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ozone]
Notes:
Ozone is the primary components of photochemical smog. Ozone gas in the stratosphere protects the earth from harmful Ultra Violet radiation whereas ozone on the ground is hazardous to human health.
42. United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was held at which of the following places?
[A] London
[B] Stockholm
[C] Montreal
[D] Los Angeles
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Stockholm]
Notes:
The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was held in Stockholm, Sweden from June 5–16 in 1972. This conference resulted in the formation of The United Nations Environment Programme, or UNEP.
43. Which article of the Indian Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and have compassion for living creatures”?
[A] Article 49
[B] Article 50
[C] Article 51A
[D] Article 63
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Article 51A]
Notes:
Article 51A of the Indian Constitution states that “It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and have compassion for living creatures”.
44. According to the Sustainable Development Goal 13, which of the following is the biggest threat towards development?
[A] Pollution
[B] Population
[C] Climate change
[D] Sea level rise
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Climate change]
Notes:
According to the Sustainable Development Goal 13, we should take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts because climate change is presently the biggest threat towards development.
45. Which of the following were the objectives Paris Agreement?
1. It aimed to hold the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre industrial levels.
2. Efforts were to be aimed to limit temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
The Paris Agreement aimed to hold the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre industrial levels. Efforts were to be aimed to limit temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
46. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Energy Conservation Building Code?
1. It was launched in 2007.
2. It addresses the issues of design of new, large commercial buildings to optimize the buildings’ energy demand based on their location in different climatic zones.
3. Compliance with ECBC norms is mandatory.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 & 2]
Notes:
Energy Conservation Building Code was launched in 2007. It addresses the issues pertaining to design of new, large commercial buildings to optimize the buildings’ energy demand based on their location in different climatic zones. However, compliance with ECBC norms is voluntary in nature at present.
47. Which of the following statements are correct regrading Gene banks?
1. Gene banks are established to protect genetic material, be it plant or animal.
2. In plants, genetic material can be saved by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds.
3. In animals, genetic material can be saved by freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until
further need.
Select the correct option from the code given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Gene banks are established to protect genetic material, be it plant or animal. In plants, genetic material can be saved by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds. In animals, genetic material can be saved by freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until further need.
48. The basic unit of biosystematics is ____:
[A] Phenotype
[B] Genotype
[C] Ecotype
[D] Florotype
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Ecotype]
Notes:
Ecotype is the basic unit of Biosystematics. It is adapted to a particular environment but capable of producing fully fertile hybrids with other ecotypes. The term Ecotype proposed by Turesson refers to “an ecological unit to cover the product arising as a result of genotypical response of an ecospecies to a particular habitat.”
49. Which of the following is the world’s top environmental conservation award?
[A] Gold Bear Award
[B] Gold Panda Award
[C] Gold Globe Award
[D] Gold Palms Award
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Gold Panda Award]
Notes:
The Gold Panda is the highest conservation award by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), the leading global environmental organisation. WWF is an international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, working in the field of the wilderness preservation, and the reduction of humanity’s footprint on the environment.
50. Which country is home to the Península Valdés, an area known to accommodate 50% of the world’s southern right whale population?
[A] Argentina
[B] Chile
[C] Brazil
[D] Uruguay
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Argentina]
Notes:
The Península Valdés, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999, provides a sanctuary for marine mammals, hosting half of the world’s southern right whale population. The conservation area, located in Argentina, also houses breeding colonies of southern elephant seals and sea lions. A unique hunting strategy has evolved among its resident orcas. Furthermore, the 400,000-hectare desert-like headland features towering cliffs, expansive gulfs, and sandy beaches. Discovered by a Spanish expedition in 1779, it shows signs of Neolithic occupation like obsidian tools. The peninsula, divided into five sections, each offering unique attractions like whale watching, is home to myriad bird species, penguins, maras, and guanacos.
