Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Central Zoo Authority was established in which of the following years?
[A] 1991
[B] 1992
[C] 1993
[D] 1994
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [1992]
Notes:
The Central Zoo Authority was established as a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment & Forests and climate change by the Government of India in the year 1992. It is responsible for oversight of zoos.
42. Arrange the following gases in descending order of relative contribution to total global warming:
1) Carbon dioxide
2) Methane
3) CFCs
4) Nitrous oxide
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] 1, 2, 3, 4
[B] 2, 1, 3, 4
[C] 1, 3, 2, 4
[D] 3, 1, 2, 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [1, 2, 3, 4]
Notes:
Some of the greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, while others result from human activities. Carbon dioxide contributes around 60%, Methane – 20%, CFC’s – 14% and N2O – 6%.
43. Which of the following statements regarding Ocean acidification are correct?
1) Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time.
2) The major cause is Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere.
3) Harm life forms that rely on carbonate-based shells and skeletons
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time of which the major cause is Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere. It is Harmful for the life forms that rely on carbonate-based shells and skeletons.
44. Which of the following are the primary goals of Sustainability?
1) To end poverty and hunger
2) To provide better Education.
3) To achieve gender equality
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 2
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
To achieve Sustainability, United Nations General Assembly stout the agenda 2030 to achieve the 17 goals. It includes:
1) To end poverty and hunger
2) To provide better Education.
3) To achieve gender equality
45. Which of the following stages are comprised in 2006 Amendment to Environment Impact Assessment cycle?
1. Screening
2. Scoping
3. Public hearing
4. Appraisal
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 3 & 3
[B] Only 2, 3 & 4
[C] Only 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
The following four stages are comprised in 2006 Amendment to Environment Impact Assessment cycle:
1. Screening
2. Scoping
3. Public hearing
4. Appraisal
46. What was the main aim of Montreal Protocol?
[A] To reduce the use of automobiles.
[B] Trading of carbon dioxide emissions.
[C] To reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases.
[D] To reduce the production of ozone destroying agents like CFCs and Halons.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [To reduce the production of ozone destroying agents like CFCs and Halons.]
Notes:
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer. It entered into force on 1 January 1989.
47. To conserve coral reefs, the Government of India declared one of the following as Marine Park, that is ______:
[A] Gulf of Kutch
[B] Gulf of Mannar
[C] Andaman Islands
[D] Lakshadweep Islands
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Gulf of Kutch]
Notes:
For the protection of coral reefs, the Gulf of Kutch was declared Marine National Park under the provisions of the Wildlife (protection) Act, 1972. It is the first national marine park of India.
48. Microbial degradation of nitrates into atmospheric nitrogen is known as _____:
[A] Ammonification
[B] Denitrification
[C] Nitrification
[D] Putrefaction
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Denitrification]
Notes:
Denitrification is the biological conversion of nitrate to nitrogen gas, nitric oxide or nitrous oxide. It involves nitrate reduction by bacterial species such as Pseudomonas and Clostridium, usually in anaerobic conditions that ultimately produces molecular nitrogen (N2). These bacteria use nitrate as an electron acceptor instead of oxygen during respiration.
49. Mudumalai Sanctuary is famous for ______:
[A] Tigers
[B] Birds
[C] Bisons
[D] Elephants
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Tigers]
Notes:
The Mudumalai National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary, now also declared a Tiger Reserve, lies on the northwestern side of the Nilgiri Hills, in Nilgiri District, about 150 km north-west of Coimbatore city in the westernmost part of Tamil Nadu, on the interstate boundaries with Karnataka and Kerala states in South India. The sanctuary is a haven for Bengal Tigers and Indian Leopards and other threatened species.
50. Heard and McDonald Islands belong to which country?
[A] Australia
[B] United Kingdom
[C] New Zealand
[D] France
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Australia]
Notes:
The Heard and McDonald Islands are located in the sub-Antarctic region and serve as external territories of Australia. These volcanic islands, discovered in the 1850s by American mariners John Heard and William McDonald, were proclaimed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1997. These islands, recognized for their unique wildlife and geology (including active volcanoes), are considered one of the world’s most remote places. Initially claimed by the UK in 1910, they were transferred to Australia in 1947, hence, the land boasting the highest mountain under Australian sovereignty.
