Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Pench National Park is located in which of the following state?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Madhya Pradesh
[D] Jharkhand
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Madhya Pradesh]
Notes:
Pench National Park is a national park is situated in Seoni and Chhindwara districts of Madhya Pradesh in India. It was declared a sanctuary in 1965, raised to the status of national park in 1975.
42. Which of the following is the principle greenhouse gas which is emitted as a result of human activities such as the burning of coal, oil, and natural gases?
[A] Chloroflorocarbons
[B] Ozone
[C] Carbon dioxide
[D] Sulphur dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Carbon dioxide]
Notes:
Carbon Dioxide is the principle greenhouse gas which is emitted as a result of human activities such as the burning of coal, oil, and natural gases. It is a colourless gas with chemical formula CO2.
43. Which amendment to the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 empowered SPCB and CPCB to close a defaulting industrial plant?
[A] Amendment, 1988
[B] Amendment, 1990
[C] Amendment, 1992
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Amendment, 1988]
Notes:
The Amendment of 1988 to the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 empowered SPCB and CPCB to close a defaulting industrial plant. The Act prohibits the use of any stream or well for disposal of polluting matter.
44. Which of the following country is the largest Greenhouse Gas emitter?
[A] U.S.A
[B] China
[C] India
[D] Russia
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [China]
Notes:
With a share of almost 30 percent of the world’s total CO2 emissions, China tops the ranking of the largest green house gas emitter and the USA is the second largest Greenhouse Gas emitter.
45. Which of the following human activity has influenced global warming?
[A] By causing changing in gravitational force
[B] By planting more trees
[C] By changing the radiative balance governing the Earth
[D] By protecting environment
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [By changing the radiative balance governing the Earth]
Notes:
Different Human activities ranging from the burning of fossil fuels to cutting of trees has influenced global surface temperature by changing the radiative balance governing the Earth on various timescales.
46. Global hectare is a measurement of which of the following?
[A] Carbon capacity
[B] Biocapacity
[C] Carbon footprint
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Biocapacity]
Notes:
Global hectare used as a measurement of biocapacity of the entire earth. One global hectare is a measurement of the average biocapacity of all hectare measurements of any biologically productive areas on the planet earth.
47. What is Bengal’s rank in India in terms of air pollution?
[A] 4
[B] 3
[C] 2
[D] 1
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [2]
Notes:
West Bengal, in 2019, accounted for the second-highest number of deaths linked to air pollution — 20.8 per cent of overall deaths — after Rajasthan in the country. Bardhaman (undivided) topped the pollution chart with 171.95 micrograms per cubic meter PM 10 concentration, nearly three times above limit.
48. Which of the following primarily causes Mercury Pollution?
[A] Automobile Battery
[B] Diesel Engine
[C] Polymer
[D] CFL Lamp
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [CFL Lamp]
Notes:
Old compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) bulbs lead to mercury pollution. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, common CFL bulbs contain 3-5 milligrams (mg) of mercury. CFLs, like all fluorescent lamps, contain mercury as a vapor inside the glass. Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal that exists in several forms. Human contact with mercury, in any form, can produce toxic effects if the dose is high enough.
49. What is the most abundant organic compound in the terrestrial environment?
[A] Sucrose
[B] Lactose
[C] Cellulose
[D] Fructose
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Cellulose]
Notes:
The most abundant organic compound in the terrestrial environment is cellulose. A type of carbohydrate, cellulose contains chains of glucose rings. Providing strength and rigidity, cellulose forms the cell walls of plants. Cellulose is the primary constituent of wood, making this organic compound the most abundant one on the surface of the Earth.
50. Which of these islands has a unique feature of oceanic crust and mantle rocks exposed above sea level?
[A] Macquarie Island
[B] Greenland
[C] Hawaii
[D] Galapagos Islands
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Macquarie Island]
Notes:
Macquarie Island, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a subantarctic island 1,500 km southeast of Tasmania. It is a unique geological wonder, composed of oceanic crust and mantle rocks exposed above sea level. The island is home to 28 native vertebrates, including the royal penguin and Macquarie Island shag, with over 750,000 royal penguin pairs breeding annually. The island is also known for its megaherbs and endemic plants like the cushion plant Azorella macquariensis. It has no permanent human population but hosts a research station since 1948. The island’s ecosystem has been impacted by introduced species like rabbits and cats, leading to conservation efforts. Macquarie Island is subject to fierce winds and is an important site for seabirds and seals, with 3.5 million seabirds and 80,000 elephant seals arriving each year to breed and molt.
