Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

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In 1987 the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 was extended to include noise pollution also. The amendment of 1987 also introduced a citizen’s suit provision into the Air Act.

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Following the recommendation of the Tiger Task Force which was constituted by the Prime Minister of India, the National Tiger Conservation Authority was established in December 2005. It is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change.

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Wildlife Crime Control Bureau is a statutory multi-disciplinary body under the Union Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC). It was established in 2007 to combat organized wildlife crime in the country.

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The Biological Diversity Act is an Act of the Parliament of India which was enacted to meet the obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity. It was passed in 2002.

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Some of the greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, while others result from human activities. Carbon dioxide contributes around 60%, Methane – 20%, CFC’s – 14% and N2O – 6%.

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Photosynthesis is the process by virtue of which the green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During the process of photosynthesis, plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere hence reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

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Energy Conservation Building Code was launched in 2007. It addresses the issues pertaining to design of new, large commercial buildings to optimize the buildings’ energy demand based on their location in different climatic zones. However, compliance with ECBC norms is voluntary in nature at present.

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Impact prediction in EIA is a method of mapping the environmental impacts of the significant aspects of the project and its alternatives. Environmental impact can never be predicted with absolute certainty.

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Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment, such as the interactions organisms have with each other and with their abiotic environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), number (population) of organisms, as well as competition between them within and among ecosystems.

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The Taj Mahal, is slowly turning brownish-yellow because of air pollution, also called “Marble cancer”. The Industries located in and around Agra especially the Mathura oil refinery have been responsible for producing pollutants. Emissions of sulphur dioxide around the Taj Mahal are twice the permissible levels. Now, researchers found 3% of the deposits to be black carbon, around 30% organic carbon (or brown carbon) and most of the rest dust. Black carbon is emitted by vehicles and other machines that burn fossil fuels.