Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following processes is functional in removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
[A] Volcanism
[B] Deforestation
[C] Burning of Fossil Fuels
[D] Photosynthesis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Photosynthesis]
Notes:
Photosynthesis is the process by virtue of which the green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During the process of photosynthesis, plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere hence reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
42. Which of the following countries does not come under the top 4 emitters of Greenhouse gases?
[A] China
[B] U.S.A
[C] Australia
[D] India
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Australia]
Notes:
According to the Emissions Gap Report which is released by the United Nations Environment Programme, the top four emitters of greenhouse gases globally are China, India, United States of America and the European Union.
43. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Indian Network on Climate Change Assessment?
1. It consists of over 120 institutions and over 250 scientists country wide.
2. It carries out research on the effects of climate change in different regions and sectors in India
and also suggests suitable adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Select the correct option from the codes give below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Indian Network on Climate Change Assessment consists of over 120 institutions and over 250 scientists country wide. It carries out research on the effects of climate change in different regions and sectors in India and also suggests suitable adaptation and mitigation strategies.
44. Which of the following heads the State Disaster Management Authority?
[A] Governor
[B] Chief Minister
[C] Home Minister
[D] Chief secretary of the state
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Chief Minister]
Notes:
The Government of India enacted the Disaster Management Act, 2005 on 23rd December 2005, which provided for the creation of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMA). SDMA is headed by the Chief Minister.
45. The Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS) are found in which of the following layer of atmosphere ?
[A] Troposphere
[B] Stratosphere
[C] Mesosphere
[D] Ionosphere
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Stratosphere]
Notes:
The Ozone-Depleting Substances are Chlorofluorocarbons, HCFCs and Halons which are responsible for the depletion of ozone layer. These substances when transferred to Stratosphere cause the depletion of ozone layer.
46. Addition excessive amounts of heat to a lake is referred to as _____:
[A] Thermal pollution
[B] Heat Bloom
[C] Green House effect
[D] Refrigeration effect
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Thermal pollution]
Notes:
Thermal pollution is defined as the addition of excess of undesirable heat to water thereby making it harmful to man, animal or aquatic life. A common cause of thermal pollution is the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers. The change in ambient temperature of water decreases oxygen supply and affects ecosystem composition.
47. Dodo is a bird categorized under ____:
[A] Endangered
[B] Critically endangered
[C] Extinct
[D] Rare
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Extinct]
Notes:
The dodo (Raphus cucullatus) is an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. Subfossil remains show the dodo was about 1 metre (3ft 3 inches) tall and may have weighed 10.6–17.5 kg (23– 39 lb) in the wild. The closest living relative of the dodo is the Nicobar pigeon.
48. Spraying of DDT on crops causes pollution of _____:
[A] Air & Water
[B] Air & Soil
[C] Crops & Air
[D] Soil & Water
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Soil & Water]
Notes:
DDT (Dichloro-diphenyl trichloro ethane) is a persistent organic pollutant that is readily adsorbed into soils and sediments, which can act both as sinks and as long-term sources of exposure affecting organisms. It pollutes the ground water system which contaminates the entire food chain by severely affecting humans dependent on these.
49. The Valley of Flowers National Park is located in ____:
[A] Uttarakhand
[B] Meghalaya
[C] Himachal Pradesh
[D] Jammu & Kashmir
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Uttarakhand]
Notes:
Valley of Flowers National Park is a national park, located in North Chamoli, in Uttarakhand. At 3352 to 3658 meters above sea level, the gentle landscape of the Valley of Flowers National Park complements the rugged mountain wilderness of Nanda Devi National Park to the east.
50. Which of the following factors is/are not affected by speed and direction of wind?
[A] Location on the earth
[B] Revolution of earth
[C] Local conditions
[D] Height from ground
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Revolution of earth]
Notes:Blowing or moving air is called wind. The speed of wind may vary from 5-10 km/h (gentle breeze) to 700-800 km/h (tornado). The speed and direction of wind is affected by the following factors :
- Location on the earth
- Rotation of the earth
- Local conditions
- Height from the ground
