Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following is not a natural hazard?
[A] Volcanoes
[B] Climate Change
[C] Earthquake
[D] Tsunami
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Climate Change]
Notes:
Climate change can be defined as the ongoing rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s climate system. From all the given options only climate change is not a natural hazard but is induced by human activities.
42. The National Institute of Disaster Management is located at which of the following places?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Mumbai
[C] Kolkata
[D] Dehradun
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [New Delhi]
Notes:
The National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) is a premier national organization located in New Delhi that works for human resource development in the areas of disaster mitigation and management.
43. Which of the following statements are correct about the process of scoping Environment Impact Assessment?
1. It is a process of detailing the terms of reference of EIA.
2. Quantifiable impacts are to be assessed on the basis of factors like magnitude, prevalence, frequency and duration.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Scoping is a process of detailing the terms of reference of Environment Impact Assessment. Quantifiable impacts are to be assessed on the basis of factors like magnitude, prevalence, frequency and duration.
44. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Environmental Supplemental Plan?
1. It refers to an environmentally beneficial project or activity twhich is not required by law.
2. An alleged violator of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 agrees to undertake an environmentally beneficial project as part of the process of environmental clearance.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Environmental Supplemental Plan refers to an environmentally beneficial project or activity twhich is not required by law. An alleged violator of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 agrees to undertake an environmentally beneficial project as part of the process of environmental clearance.
45. Karnataka lies in which of the following biogeographic realms?
[A] Palearctic
[B] Indomalayan
[C] Australasia
[D] Neotropic
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Indomalayan]
Notes:
Karnataka lies in Indomalayan biogeographic realm.
46. In how many states do Central Government run the Namami Gange mission?
[A] 2
[B] 3
[C] 4
[D] 5
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [5]
Notes:
Namami Gange mission is run by the Central
Government in five states namely
Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand,
Bihar and West Bengal. It is managed by West Bengal Forest Department for
sustaining the biodiversity of the Ganga river ecosystem along with its
purification.
47. Trans-boundary pollution (or) Acid rain is caused by ____:
[A] Hydrocarbon
[B] Carbon monoxide
[C] Nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide
[D] Carbon dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide]
Notes:
Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic i.e. it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It is caused by emissions of oxides of sulphur (SO2 or SO3) and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.
48. The ambient air is stable when the ambient lapse rate is _____:
[A] Neutrally stable
[B] Sub-adiabatic
[C] Hyper-adiabatic
[D] Super-adiabatic
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Sub-adiabatic]
Notes:
If the environmental lapse rate is greater than – 5.5 K/km, then there is some small amount of vertical turbulence and the atmosphere is said to be stable. It is also referred to as being sub-adiabatic.
49. Thalweg Doctrine, which was in news recently, is related to which of the following?
[A] Outer Space
[B] Water Bodies
[C] Immigration
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Water Bodies]
Notes:Thalweg Doctrine is a part of international law that aims to resolve water boundary disputes. The doctrine states that the boundary between two states divided by a flowing body of water may be drawn along the thalweg, which is the line of the greatest depth of the channel. The boundary would follow the center of the principal navigable channel of the waterway.
The Thalweg Doctrine has been used in several disputes, including:
- The Shatt al-Arab between Iraq and Iran
- The Danube in central Europe (Croatia–Serbia border dispute)
- The Kasikili/Sedudu Island dispute between Namibia and Botswana
- The 2004 dispute settlement under the UN Law of the Sea
The Thalweg Doctrine has also been used in the Sir Creek dispute between India and Pakistan. The dispute is not settled yet due to a lack of trust.
50. Ningaloo Coast is a world heritage site located in which country?
[A] Australia
[B] New Zealand
[C] United States
[D] South Africa
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Australia]
Notes:
The Ningaloo Coast is a World Heritage Site located in Western Australia renowned for its diverse marine ecosystems and exceptional biodiversity. This 705,015 hectares site features Australia’s largest fringing coral reef, supporting over 500 fish, 250 coral, and 600 mollusc species. There have been some recent unusual sightings, including the reappearance of the short-nosed sea snake in 2015. The crystal-clear water, due to the area’s arid climate, is perfect for snorkelling and underwater diving. The coast also includes nesting sites for three species of sea turtles. This significant site has been managed through a marine park since 1987.
