Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
41. Which of the following statements are correct regarding Fly Ash?
1. Combustion of solid material leads to the production of Ash.
2. Fly ash is a very fine powder which tends to travel far in the air.
3. The ash which does not rise in the air is termed as bottom ash.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Combustion of solid material leads to the production of Ash. Fly ash is a very fine powder which tends to travel far in the air. The ash which does not rise in the air is termed as bottom ash.
42. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in which of the following years?
[A] 1981
[B] 1982
[C] 1983
[D] 1984
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [1981]
Notes:
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed in 1981. The Act states that sources of air pollution, for example, industry, vehicles, power plants, etc., are not permitted to release particulate matter, lead, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or other toxic substances beyond a prescribed limit.
43. Sulfur hexafluoride is used in which of the following industries?
1) Magnesium processing
2) Semiconductor manufacturing
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Sulfur hexafluoride also called SF6 is one of the types of Fluorinated gas that has very high global warming potentials (GWPs) relative to other greenhouse gases. Sulfur hexafluoride is used in magnesium processing and semiconductor manufacturing industries.
44. Which of the following is not a natural hazard?
[A] Volcanoes
[B] Climate Change
[C] Earthquake
[D] Tsunami
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Climate Change]
Notes:
Climate change can be defined as the ongoing rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s climate system. From all the given options only climate change is not a natural hazard but is induced by human activities.
45. The Screening Criteria under Environment Impact Assessment are based upon which of the following?
1. Scales of investment
2. Type of development
3. Location of development
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
The Screening Criteria under Environment Impact Assessment are based upon the following:
1. Scales of investment
2. Type of development
3. Location of development
46. Which of the following is an organism that obtains hydrogen or electrons from organic substrates?
[A] Lithophiles
[B] Organotroph
[C] Mixotroph
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Organotroph]
Notes:
Organisms that obtains hydrogen or electrons from organic substrates are known as Organotrophs. Some organotrophs such as animals and many bacteria can also be heterotrophs.
47. Which of the following statements are correct with respect to Xerosere?
1. It is a type of plant succession which is limited by water availability.
2. Xerosere originates on rock surfaces which are in an unweathered state.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Xerosere is a type of plant succession which is limited by water availability. Xerosere originates on rock surfaces which are in an unweathered state. There are different stages in a xerarch succession.
48. Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984?
[A] Methyl isocyanate
[B] Methyl isochlorate
[C] Methyl phosphate
[D] Methyl isopropate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Methyl isocyanate]
Notes:
In the gas tragedy that occurred at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 2-3 December 1984, over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other chemicals. An estimated 10,000 or more people died in human disaster.
49. Which one of the following terms describes not only the physical space occupied by an organism, but also its functional role in the community of organisms?
[A] Eco-niche
[B] Ecosystem
[C] Ecozone
[D] Habitat
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ecosystem]
Notes:
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with other living and nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. The nature of the organisms—the species, functional groups and trophic levels to which they belong—dictates the sorts of actions these individuals are capable of carrying out, and the relative efficiency with which they do so.
50. ‘Mylo’ is an un-leather fabric and a very sustainable product. It is made from which of the following organic material?
[A] Mushroom
[B] Bamboo
[C] Eucalyptus
[D] Coconut
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mushroom]
Notes:
Mylo is a leather-like material made from mycelium, the underground root structure of mushrooms. Mylo is a sustainable alternative to leather because it can be grown without polluting substances. It is also more sustainable than synthetic leathers, which are usually made from petroleum-derived inputs.
Mylo is grown in a controlled indoor environment. The growing process is designed to be low impact and takes less than two weeks. It emits fewer greenhouse gases and uses less water and resources than animal-based leather.
Mylo is 80% bio-based and is completely biodegradable and compostable. However, when extra durability is needed, the mushroom leather is reinforced with polyurethane, which decreases its biodegradability.
