States PCS: Karnataka GK for KPSC and other Karnataka State Exams

Notes:
The Vijayanagar kingdom, founded in 1336 CE in South India, included four dynasties: Sangama (1336–1485 CE), Saluva (1485–1503 CE), Tuluva (1503–1570 CE), and Aravidu (until the 17th century). It was known for advanced irrigation and Hampi, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Krishnadevaraya of the Tuluva dynasty supported arts and literature. The empire declined after the 1565 Battle of Talikota.

Notes:
Gangadevi who is also known as Gangambika was a 14th-century princess and poet of the Vijayanagara Empire.  She was the wife of Kumara Kampana. She was also the author of Maduravijayam, which is a poem on the conquest of Madurai.

Notes:
Deva Raya I had constant fights with neighbouring kingdoms. Early in his career, he was defeated by the Bahmani ruler Firoz Shah and had to not only pay a huge indemnity but also had to marry his daughter to the Sultan.

Notes:
Sada Siva Raya was the last ruler of the Tuluva dynasty. He ascended the throne after the death of Venkata Raya. He was a puppet in the hands of his minister, Aliya Rama Raya, who was the de facto king.

Notes:
Chand Bibi, daughter of Hussain Nizam Shah I, was married to Ali Adil Shah I of Bijapur. In 1595, she defended Ahmednagar against Mughal forces led by Akbar. A skilled musician and linguist, she was fluent in Persian, Marathi, and Kannada. She played a key role in Deccan politics, forming alliances to resist Mughal expansion and led the defense during the Siege of Ahmednagar.

Notes:
The Kolar Leaf-Nosed Bat, which is usually found in only two caves in the Hanumanahalli village in Kolar district of Karnataka.
Recently, the bat became extinct in one of the two caves. In response, the Karnataka Forest Department, along with the Bat Conservation India Trust (BCIT), are undertaking measures to save the remaining bats.

Notes:
2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy was the tenth edition of Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy, a Twenty20 competition in India. It took place between 21 February and 14 March 2019. Karnataka won the tournament, after beating Maharashtra by eight wickets in the final.

Notes:
Indian Institute of Science-Bengaluru hosts the “National Centre for Clean Coal Research and Development (NCCCR&D)” which was inaugurated by the Union Minister of Science & Technology Dr Harsh Vardhan on September 16, 2019. NCCCR&D is a national consortium on clean coal research and development led by the Indian Institute of Science with IIT- Kharagpur, Madras, Guwahati, Bombay, and Hyderabad as partners.

Notes:
The ragi grain is found commonly in Pre-historic sites of Karnataka and Africa.

Notes:
Penukonda served as the 2nd capital of Vijayanagar Kingdom after the fall of Hampi and was earlier called as Ghanagiri or Ghanadri.