Indian Economy MCQs
Indian Economy Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for SSC, State and all One Day Examinations of India. Objective Questions on Indian Economy for competitive examinations.
1. Planning Commission of India was established by which among the following means?
[A] Act of Parliament
[B] Presidential Order
[C] Presidential Ordinance
[D] Cabinet Resolution
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Cabinet Resolution]
Notes:
The Planning Commission was set up by a Cabinet Resolution of the Government of India in March 1950. Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Chairman of the Planning Commission. It had the responsibility to formulate plans to utilize the available resources.
2. Which among the following is a most suitable example of double counting in national income ?
[A] Wages of bus and train drivers
[B] Cotton output and cotton cloth output
[C] Electricity output and water output
[D] Tax receipts and earnings of inland revenue officials
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Cotton output and cotton cloth output]
Notes:
While estimating the national income, the problem of double counting occurs when the value of some goods and services are counted more than once. Cotton output and cotton cloth output both the raw material and the final result are counted.
3. Which term refers to a steady rise in prices, income, output, and employment?
[A] Expansion
[B] Boom
[C] Recession
[D] Depression
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Expansion]
Notes:
The expansion phase in the business cycle involves sustained increases in GDP, income, output, employment, and often prices. It follows a recovery and precedes a peak. The National Bureau of Economic Research tracks expansion periods in economic cycles. Expansion differs from recession, which indicates economic decline, and from depression, which indicates prolonged downturn.
4. Which statement about Giffen goods is correct?
[A] They follow the standard law of demand
[B] They are luxury goods with increasing demand
[C] They violate the law of demand with an upward-sloping demand curve
[D] They have many close substitutes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [They violate the law of demand with an upward-sloping demand curve]
Notes:
Giffen goods violate the law of demand and display an upward-sloping demand curve. They are inferior goods for which demand increases as price rises. The term comes from economist Sir Robert Giffen. Classic Giffen goods require that the good is a staple, lacks close substitutes, and constitutes a large part of the consumer’s budget. This is a rare phenomenon in actual markets.
5. Pump priming mainly deals with which of the following?
[A] Increased government expenditure during recession
[B] Decreased government expenditure during recession
[C] Increased government income during recession
[D] Decreased government income during recession
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Increased government expenditure during recession]
Notes:
Pump priming refers to the collective measures taken by the governments during recession to simulate the economy during recession. This is done usually by cutting the taxes and increased public spending.
6. A competitive firm maximizes its profit when _______?
[A] MR=AR
[B] MR=MC
[C] MC=AC
[D] MC=AR
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [MR=MC]
Notes:
A competitive firm maximizes its profit when its marginal revenue equals its marginal cost. Marginal revenue is the additional revenue earned by the firm from selling an additional unit of output. When marginal revenue equals marginal cost, the firm is earning the maximum possible profit. The marginal cost of production and marginal revenues are two determinants used to analyze the profitability of the production. When the marginal cost is below the marginal revenue, the firm can increase its revenue by producing more. When a competitive firm maximizes profit, profits are always greater than 0.
7. Consider the following institutions:
- International Monetary Fund
- World Bank
- World Trade Organization
- US Treasury Department
- US Federal Bank
Which among the above institutions were a part of Washington Consensus?
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 1, 2 & 3
[C] 1, 2 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [1, 2 & 4]
Notes:
The Washington Consensus refers to a set of economic policy prescriptions for developing countries, primarily focused on market-oriented reforms. It was formulated in the late 1980s and emphasizes trade liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. While the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank are often associated with the Consensus due to their roles in providing financial assistance and policy advice, the World Trade Organization does not embody the trade liberalization aspect central to the Consensus. The US Treasury Department and the US Federal Bank are not a part of the Washington Consensus framework.
8. The Direct Taxes Code (DTC) is associated with which tax?
[A] Income Tax
[B] Sales Tax
[C] Excise Duty
[D] Service Tax
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Income Tax]
Notes:
The Direct Taxes Code (DTC) was proposed in 2009 to replace the Income Tax Act, 1961. It aimed to simplify and consolidate laws related to direct taxes in India. The DTC focused on income tax and other direct taxes. The DTC Bill was introduced in Parliament in 2010 but has not been enacted as of 2024. Indirect taxes like sales tax and excise duty are not covered.
9. With reference to the business, what is working capital?
[A] The investment made in the business
[B] Fixed assets
[C] Circulating assets- stocks, cash and debts owed to the business
[D] Amount spent on machinery or for building up stock
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Circulating assets- stocks, cash and debts owed to the business ]
Notes:
Current Assets minus Current Liabilities is known as working capital.
10. What does the greenshoe option allow underwriters to do during an IPO?
[A] Sell up to 15% additional shares beyond the original offering
[B] Record investor demands and change IPO pricing
[C] Purchase shares back from investors at a discount
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Sell up to 15% additional shares beyond the original offering]
Notes:
The greenshoe option is an IPO underwriting clause first used by Green Shoe Manufacturing Company. It allows underwriters to sell up to 15% extra shares above the original IPO amount to support share price stability and meet demand. The Securities and Exchange Commission permits this clause. The option helps underwriters stabilize prices by covering over-allotted shares in the aftermarket.
