Modern Indian History & Freedom Struggle Questions (MCQs)

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Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade (1842-1901) was a distinguished Indian scholar, social reformer and author, sometimes called a Father of renaissance of Western India. He was one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress . He established the “Widow Marriage Association” in 1861 to encourage and popularize it Ranade founded the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha in 1870, to represent the Government, the aspiration of the people. Known to be the mentor and political guru of famous freedom fighters Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak. He was against caste system, untouchability and was a strong supporter of widow-remarriage.

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In 1873 Phule wrote a book named Gulamgiri, meaning slavery. Phule dedicated his book to all those Americans who had fought to free slaves, thus establishing a link between the conditions of the “lower” castes in India and the black slaves in America

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In 1928, for the first time a constitution for India was drafted by Nehru Committee that was headed by Moti Lal Nehru. A year later, in the Lahore session of December 1929, Congress passed the Poorna Swaraj resolution. It was the same session in which Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as president of the Congress.
Here, please note that though the congress passed the Poorna Swaraj Resolution in December 1929, it was a month later on January 26, 1930, when a Pledge of Indian Independence also known as Declaration of Independence was taken.  You must note here that while the Poorna Swaraj Resolution was drafted by Jawaharlal Lal Nehru, the “Declaration of Independence” pledge was drafted by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 and it echoed the essence of American Declaration of Independence. After this pledge January 26, 1930 was declared as Independence Day by Indian National Congress.

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The first census was conducted in India in 1872, but regular census started in 1881.

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Hindu Mela was founded in 1867 in Calcutta by Nabagopal Mitra with the active support from the Tagore Family. The Hindu Mela was also known as the Chaitra Mela.It was largely the product of the combined efforts of Rajnarayan Basu, Dwijendranath Tagore, and Nabagopal Mitra.

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Amritlal Vithaldas Thakkar, popularly known as Thakkar Bapa He was an Indian social worker who worked for upliftment of tribal people in Gujarat state in India. In 1922, he founded the Bhil Seva Mandal.

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George Yule was a Scottish businessman who became the fourth President of INC in 1888,the first non-indian to hold that office.

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The first two statements should be reversed to understand what happened exactly.Since there was a dual administration in place, it clearly defined the respective position of the Nawab and the East India Company. This left no chance of near future conflicts between the two.Further, the direct assumption of responsibility of administration of English Company might have to come in conflict with the rising power of the Marathas. Third statement is correct.The system separated power from responsibility. The English got the right of collecting the revenue but they had no responsibility for the internal administration. The condition of Bengal worsened on account of the double government. The famine of 1770 and the epidemic that followed accounted for one third of population of Bengal. The English Company did nothing for the relief of the people and remained a silent spectator to the appalling distress of the people. The dual system which deserved all possible condemnation was finally abolished by Warren Hastings in 1772.

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Maharaja Ranjit Singh (called “The Lion of the Punjab”) (1780-1839) was a Sikh ruler of the Punjab. His tomb is located in Lahore, Pakistan. He is remembered for uniting the Punjab as a strong state and his possession of the Koh-i-noor diamond. He took the title of Maharaja on April 12, 1801 (to coincide with Baisakhi day), with Lahore having served as his capital from 1799.

Notes:
Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade (1842-1901) was a distinguished Indian scholar, social reformer and author, sometimes called a Father of renaissance of Western India. He was one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress . He established the “Widow Marriage Association” in 1861 to encourage and popularize it Ranade founded the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha in 1870, to represent the Government, the aspiration of the people. Known to be the mentor and political guru of famous freedom fighters Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak. He was against caste system, untouchability and was a strong supporter of widow-remarriage.