Modern Indian History MCQs

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The Treaty of Bassein (Now called Vasai) was a pact signed on December 31, 1802 between the British East India Company and Baji Rao II, the Maratha peshwa of Pune (Poona) in India after the Battle of Poona. The treaty was a decisive step in the dissolution of the Maratha Confederacy, which led to the East India Company’s usurpation of the peshwa’s territories in western India in 1818.

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Annexation of Oudh in February 1856 was a very important decision taken by Lord Dalhousie. But the annexation of Oudh was surely the company’s and Dalhousie’s worst blunder. It proved disadvantageous for the English as the people of Oudh strongly participated in the Revolt of 1857. The English used their giant`s strength and had injured their reputation in the eyes of the Indians. During the Revolt of 1857, the sepoys of Oudh had brought about havoc and had added to the difficulties of the British. It is said that the forced abduction of Wajid Ali Shah and annexation of Oudh were offences against good faith and public conscience.

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Rajkumar Shukla requested Gandhiji to intervene into the matter of the indigo planters of Champaran. The planter were forced to grow indigo on 3/20th of the land . It was known as Tinkathia System. The agitation of Gandhiji eventually abolished the system and helped to recover 25% of the illegally taken money of the planters from the authority.

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Nawab Kapur Singh is accredited with establishing the Dal Khalsa in the late 1740s. The Dal Khalsa operated from 1748 to 1799 and was composed of the combined military forces from 11 Sikh misls in the Punjab region. His tenure as the leader of the Sikh Confederacy during a particularly turbulent period was marked by resilience and strategic competence, which ultimately contributed to the strengthening of the Sikh community during that era.

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In 1786, the collector in each District of Bengal was made responsible for settling the revenue and collecting it by the British. The Bengal was in the control of British after Robert Clive captured it.

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Retired Civil Service officer Allan Octavian Hume organised the first meeting of INC in Bombay in 1885. Notable representatives were Dadabhai Naoroji, Dinshaw Wacha, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar, Justice K. T. Telang, N. G. Chandavarkar, William Wedderburn, Pherozeshah Mehta. Mainly Dadabhai Nauroji, A.O. Hume and Dinshaw Edulji Wacha are credited for founding the INC.

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On 14th June 1945, Lord Wavell presented some proposal to the Congress and the Muslim league. It is knowna s Wavell Plan or 14th June Plan. As per the plan, the government will initiate the process of power transfer and the drafting of constitution very soon. Until the drafting of the constitution is completed, an interim government will be set up with Indian members. Later on 25th June Wavell called an All Parties Conference in Simla.

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Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the leader of the Sikh Empire, converted the Moti Masjid in Lahore, built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, into a repository for gemstones. This transformation is a testament to his love for precious stones and artifacts, signaling his wealth and power. It also exemplifies the cultural change over time, wherein the purpose of architectural structures shifted with the changing dynasties.

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The International Opium Convention was signed on 23rd January, 1912. It was the first international drug control treaty. It was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on January 23, 1922.

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In the year 1923, the Swaraj party was formed. After the death of C.R. Das, internal bifurcation took place based on ideology i.e., Responsivists and Non-responsivists. Lala Lajpat Rai, N C Kelkar, Madan Mohan Maviya were the responsivists, who had the intension of cooperation with the Government and in 1926, non-responsivists like Motilal Nehru, withdrew from legislatures.