Modern Indian History & Freedom Struggle Questions (MCQs)
Multiple choice questions on Modern Indian History & Freedom Struggle for General Studies and GK preparation of SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
1. At which of the following places was the first ever European township constructed in India?
[A] Kochi
[B] Chinsurah
[C] Surat
[D] Chennai
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Kochi]
Notes:
Fort Kochi in Ernakulam district of Kerala is the first European township in India. It is a water-bound region toward the south-west of the mainland Kochi.
2. Lord Ripon appointed Hunter commission for?
[A] combating terrorism and other anti-national activities
[B] educational reforms in India
[C] appointment of Indian Judges in higher judiciary
[D] None of the Above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [educational reforms in India ]
Notes:
Lord Ripon appointed the Education Commission on February 3, 1882 under the Chairmanship of Sir William Hunter, a member of the Executive Council of Viceroy. The commission recommended changes to be brought in primary and secondary education in India for educational reform in country.
3. In context with the Constituent Assembly, which among the following observations is / are correct?
- The members of Constituent Assembly were elected directly
- The basis of seats allocation was population
- Composition of the Constituent Assembly was roughly in line with the suggestions of the Cabinet Mission plan
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2 are correct
[B] Only 2 & 3 are correct
[C] Only 1 & 3 are correct
[D] 1, 2 & 3 are correct
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2 & 3 are correct]
Notes:Election of the members of the Constituent Assembly had been elected firstly, for undivided India. Its first sitting was held on December 9, 1946 and re-assembled as Constituent Assembly for divided India on 14 August 1947.
- Its members were elected by indirect election by the members of the Provisional Legislative Assemblies that had been established in 1935.
- The Constituent Assembly was composed roughly along the lines suggested by the plan proposed by the committee of the British cabinet, known as the Cabinet Mission. As per the Cabinet Mission plan, each Province and each Princely State or group of States were allotted seats proportional to their respective population roughly in the ratio of 1:10 Lakh. As a result the Provinces (that were under direct British rule) were to elect 292 members while the Princely States were allotted a minimum of 93 seats. The seats in each Province were distributed among the three main communities, Muslims, Sikhs and general, in proportion to their respective populations.
- Members of each community in the Provisional Legislative Assembly elected their own representatives by the method of proportional representation with single transferable vote.
- The method of selection in the case of representatives of Princely States was to be determined by consultation.
- As a consequence of the Partition under the plan of 3 June 1947 those members who were elected from territories which fell under Pakistan ceased to be members of the Constituent Assembly.
- The numbers in the Assembly were reduced to 299 of which 284 were actually present on 26 November 1949 and appended their signature to the Constitution as finally passed.
4. The famous book “Ghulamgiri” was written by__:
[A] B. R. Ambedkar
[B] Narayan Guru
[C] Jyotiba Phule
[D] M. P. Pillai
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Jyotiba Phule]
Notes:
Jyotirao Govindrao Phule (Mahatma) was born in Pune,was a great social reformer. He dedicated his book Gulamgiri to the American movement to free slaves, he linked the conditions of the black slaves in America with those of the lower castes in India. This comparison contains an expression of hope that one day, like the end of slavery in America, there would be an end to all sorts of caste discriminations in Indian society
5. The first victim of the British policy of Subsidiary Alliance was___?
[A] Avadh
[B] Mewar
[C] Mysore
[D] Hyderabad
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Hyderabad]
Notes:
A subsidiary alliance is an alliance between a dominant nation and a nation that it dominates.The 1st victim of the policy of subsidiary alliance of Lord Wellesley was the Nizam of Hyderabad.
6. On which among the following occasions, Bombay was handed over to Britishers by the Portuguese ?
[A] Freedom of Portuguese from the control of Spain
[B] Marriage of Charles II with the Portuguese princess Catherine of Braganza
[C] Crushing of Spanish Armada by British in 1588
[D] The Treaty of Madrid in 1630
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Marriage of Charles II with the Portuguese princess Catherine of Braganza]
Notes:
Marriage of Charles II with the Portuguese princess Catherine of Braganza was the occasion of handing over of Bombay to Britishers by the Portuguese (as part of dowry ). On 21 September 1668, the Royal Charter of 27 March 1668, led to the transfer of Bombay from Charles II to the British East India Company for an annual rent of £10.
7. The Governor General of India at the time of formation of the Indian National Congress was __?
[A] Lord Chelmsford
[B] Lord Dalhousie
[C] Lord Dufferin
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Lord Dufferin]
Notes:
Lord Dufferin (1826-1902) was the Governor General and Viceroy of India from 1884 to 1888). He had succeeded Lord Ripon in December 1884 and was known as one of the most successful diplomats of his time. Foundation of Indian National Congress by A O Hume in 1885 and Third Anglo-Burmese War of 1885 are two important events of his period. The Third Anglo-Burmese War resulted in the annexation of upper Burma. As a result, his tenure saw the final extinction of Burma as an independent power.
8. Which of the following acts of the British India strengthened the Viceroy’s authority over his executive councils by substituting “portfolio” or departmental system for Corporate Functioning?
[A] Indian Councils Act 1861
[B] Government of India Act 1858
[C] Indian Councils Act 1892
[D] Indian councils Act 1909
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Indian Councils Act 1861 ]
Notes:
The Indian Councils Act 1861 was an Act of the Parliament of UK. It transformed the executive council of India to function as a cabinet run on the portfolio system.
9. Which among the following act provided for the Public Service Commission in India for the first time?
[A] Government of India Act 1919
[B] Indian Councils act 1909
[C] Government of India Act 1935
[D] Government of India act 1858
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Government of India Act 1919 ]
Notes:
The Government of India Act 1919 provided for the establishment of a Public Service Commission in India for the first time. The Royal Commission under the chairmanship of Lord Lee was constituted on the superior civil services. Later the first Public Service Commission was constituted on 1 October 1926 under the chairmanship of Sir Ross Barker.
10. In which year, first nationwide elections were held in Afghanistan?
[A] 1952
[B] 1958
[C] 1965
[D] 1968
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [1965]
Notes:
The first Parliamentary elections in Afghanistan were held in August and September 1965. The newly elected parliament convened on 14 October. Abdul Zahir was elected president of the House of the People. Abdul Hadi Dawi was appointed the president of the Senate by the king.
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