Modern Indian History MCQs

Notes:
Sir Charles Wood was the President of the Board of Control of the English East India Company. He had an important effect on spreading education in India when in 1854 he sent a despatch to Lord Dalhousie, the then Governor-General of India. He suggested that Primary Schools Must Adopt vernacular languages, High school must adopt Anglo Vernacular Language and on College Level English medium for education. This is known as Wood’s despatch.

Notes:
Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule is a book written by Gandhiji in 1909 in his native language, Gujarati while traveling from London to South Africa. In the year 1910, it was banned by the British on the ground of seditious text. It comprised his views on Swaraj, Modern Civilization, Mechanisation etc.

Notes:
A three -member committee headed by Harcourt Butler, appointed on December 16, 1927 to examine the relations between the native states and the paramount power, declined to define what paramountcy was but clearly and fortrightly stated that “paramountcy must remain paramount”. The committee fully endorsed that the viceroy, not the governor general should remain the Crown agent in dealing with the native states. In fact the right to protect includes right to internal intervention. Paramountcy is the supreme sovereign power which was kept above the reach of law and interpretation, to be exercised at the appropriate time subject to resiraints of morality and constitutional propriety against an erring ruler of a native statewhen other correctional means had proved to be futile. It is a concept developed into a deterrent in the political relation between the British and the Indian rulers.

Notes:
The Congress met at Karachi in March 1931 to endorse the Gandhi-Irwin or the Delhi Pact.It was presided over by Sardar Patel. This session became memorable for its resolution on the Fundamental Rights and the National Economic Programs.In short , It set the parameters of the Swaraj was reflecting the then dominant leftwing ting of the national movements.It was drafted by the Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.

Notes:
Western Presidency or Surat Presidency of the company existed from 1612 to 1687. It used to include all factories on the west coast of India, including Ahmadabad, Balasore (1655–84), Bombay (1665–87), Hooghly (1655–84). It was terminated in 1687 when the seat of the presidency was moved to Bombay.

Notes:
The book Poverty and Un-British Rule in India depicts how the British rule was draining the wealth of India into Britain. Dadabhai Naoroji is the writer of the book. The book was published in the year 1901.

Notes:
In the 19th century, the bulk investment to the infrastructure sector was done by the British. The invested in Railway, Cotton Mills, Jute mill industries, steel industries as well as in the ship and navigation industries. In the year 1916, Industry commission was appointed under Thomas Holand.

Notes:
The East India Company had established botanical gardens at Sibpur, pune, Saharanpur and Madras. On 13 February 1890, Botanical Survey of India was established by the East India Company.

Notes:
Before his death, Mir Jafar handed over a huge amount of money to Lord Clive. Clive established the Clive Fund for the disabled officers and men of the Company’s army. The Fund was reverted to his heirs when the East India Company was dissolved.

Notes:
Lord Lytton served as the Viceroy of India between 1876 and 1880. He was responsible for introducing Vernacular Press Act in 1878. At the age of 25 years, he published a volume of poems under the name of Owen Meredith in London.