Modern Indian History MCQs

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On 21 September 1668, the Royal Charter of 27 March 1668, led to the transfer of Bombay from Charles II to the British East India Company for an annual rent of £10. Thus, the island of Bombay was acquired by the East India Company from Portugal in 1668 and was immediately fortified. Bombay soon superseded Surat as the headquarters of the company on the west coast.

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Green Pamphlet was issued by Mahatma Gandhi at Rajkot on July 9, 1896. He tried to expose the condition of Indian indentured laborers and the human rights violations in South Africa. It was considered as an anti-government publication by the British.

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Bal Gangadhar Tilak started Ganapati festival in 1893. By doing so, he transformed the traditional Ganapati festival of Maharashtra into a National festival.

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Raja Mahendra Pratap was an Indian freedom fighter, journalist, writer, and Marxist revolutionary social reformist of India. He believed in the religious unity and racial equality. He started two paper-“Prem”in Hindi and “Nirbal Sewak” in Hindi and Urdu. In 1915, he formed the first government outside India in Afghanistan. He returned to India after 32 years of exile and became the member of the second Lok Sabha in 1957-1962. He was elected as an independent candidate from Mathura constituency. He was president of Indian Freedom Fighters’ Association and also the president of All India Jat Mahasabha .He died on 29 April 1979.

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Eighteen Fifty Seven was written by well known Indian Historian Dr. Surendra Nath Sen ,with a foreword by Maulana Azad. It was published on May 1957 by the publication division, Ministry of Information and broadcasting, Government of India.

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The doctrine of subsidiary alliance was introduced by Marquess (or Lord) Wellesley, British Governor-General of India from 1798 to 1805 . Under this doctrine, Indian rulers under British protection surrendered control of their foreign affairs to the British. Hyderabad first signed it. The five Maratha chiefs entered into subsidiary alliance as follows: Peshava – 1802 Scindia – 1804 Gaekwa – 1805 Bhonsle – 1806 Holkar – 1818.

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Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade (1842-1901) was a distinguished Indian scholar, social reformer and author, sometimes called a Father of renaissance of Western India. He was one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress . He established the “Widow Marriage Association” in 1861 to encourage and popularize it Ranade founded the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha in 1870, to represent the Government, the aspiration of the people. Known to be the mentor and political guru of famous freedom fighters Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak. He was against caste system, untouchability and was a strong supporter of widow-remarriage.

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Mahatama Gandhi had launched his first Satyagraha in Champaran, Bihar in 1917. He was requested to intervene in the matter of the Indigo Planters by Rajkumar Shukla. The peasants were forcd to grow indigo on 3/20th of the land which was known as Tinkathiya System. Gandhiji’s agitation abolished the system and also 25% of the illegally taken money from the planters were compensated by the authority. The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was Mahatma Gandhi’s first Satyagraha.

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The Moplah Rebellion or the Malabar Rebellion was an extended version of the Khilafat Movement in Kerala in 1921. The Government had declared the Congress and Khilafat meetings illegal. So, a reaction in Kerala began against the crackdown of the British in Eranad and Valluvanad taluks of Malabar.
But the Khilafat meeting incited so much communal feelings among the Muslims peasants , known as Moplahs, that it turned out to become an antihindu movement from July 1921 onward. The violence began and the Moplahs attacked the police stations and took control of them. They also seized the courts, and the government treasuries. It became a communal riot when the kudiyaan or tenant Moplahs attacked their Hindu jenmis or landlords and killed many of them. Thus the Hindu Landlords became the victims of the atrocities of the Moplahs.

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Setting up of submarine Telegraphy System between India and Europe was attempted in 1865 and 1866. After that in 1870, by using a more advanced technology the first cable reaching to India from Aden, Yemen was opened.