States PCS: Punjab GK Questions for PPSC Examinations

Notes:
Horace Arthur Rose, a British ICS officer, compiled the glossary using Punjab census data from 1883 and 1892. Published between 1911-1919 in Lahore, the work documents the tribes, castes, customs, and languages of Punjab and North-West Frontier Province.

Notes:
Jean-Baptiste Ventura, an Italian-French general, was instrumental in establishing the Fauj-i-Khas alongside Jean-François Allard in the Sikh Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Many Europeans, especially French, served key roles as generals, advisors, and trainers, modernizing Sikh military forces.

Notes:
Operation Woodrose was launched in Punjab after Operation Blue Star; Akali Dal leaders and thousands of Sikhs were detained under special acts. The operation targeted Sikh militancy and resulted in mass arrests, especially of Shiromani Akali Dal members and leaders. This intensified alienation and militancy in Punjab during 1984.

Notes:
Guru Gobind Singh Ji is traditionally credited with composing Ardās, which is central to Sikh worship. Ardās is recited at all major Sikh ceremonies and has fixed and variable parts. The Sikh Rahit Maryada sets its standard form for use in gurdwaras and homes.

Notes:
Jangnamah Europe is a notable jangnama authored by Nand Singh, a Sikh soldier, during WWI. Jangnama is an epic battle poem genre in Persian and South Asian literatures describing warfare. Nand Singh’s work documents Sikh soldiers’ role in Europe during the First World War.

Notes:
Langdi (Langdi Hindi) was used by munīms for bookkeeping in Haryanvi, Punjabi, and Saraiki. Associated with northwest India, it was prominent among traders and merchants. Langdi is considered a derivative or variant of the Mahajani script, primarily undocumented, and was essential for business records.

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Punjab Ratan Award, instituted by the Punjab Government, honors significant achievements in arts, literature, culture, science, technology, and politics. It comprises a silver plaque and citation, and is among Punjab’s highest civilian distinctions.

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All three—Gurdwara Sri Ber Sahib (Sultanpur Lodhi), Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib (Fatehgarh Sahib), and Gurdwara Harmandir Sahib (Amritsar)—are prominent Sikh gurdwaras located in Punjab. These gurdwaras hold immense historical and religious significance in Sikhism and are important pilgrimage centers for Sikhs worldwide.

Notes:
Sir Chhotu Ram (1881-1945) was a leading Punjab agrarian reformer, co-founder of the Unionist Party, and key proponent of several farmer-friendly acts to protect agriculturists. He was widely respected as Deenbandhu and played a pivotal role in Punjab’s rural upliftment and political landscape during the British era.

Notes:
Parvataka in Mudrarakshasa is identified as Porus, the famous king of northwestern India who fought Alexander. Porus allied with Chandragupta Maurya and Chanakya against the Nandas. This alliance is described in Sanskrit and Jain texts, linking him to the Himalayan region.