States PCS: Punjab GK Questions for PPSC Examinations

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The Singh Sabha Movement started in Amritsar in 1873 to reform Sikh society. The first Singh Sabha was established there, later expanding to Lahore in 1879. The movement focused on religious and social revival among Sikhs.

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Pandit Nobin Chandra Roy founded Punjab’s first Brahmo Samaj branch in Lahore, 1861. He played a key role in spreading Brahmo reformist ideology in Punjab. Later, further branches opened in Amritsar, Rawalpindi, and Quetta, influencing social and religious movements in the region.

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The Ghadar Party was established in San Francisco in 1913 by Indian expatriates aiming for India’s independence from British rule. The party published the Ghadar newspaper, had strong links to Punjab, and played a major role in revolutionary activities abroad and in India during World War I.

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Bhai Parmanand, born 4 November 1876 in Punjab, was a Mohyal Brahmin, key Ghadar Party founder, and early opponent of Pakistan’s creation. He worked with Gandhi in South Africa in 1905 and passed away on 8 December 1947. His efforts remain significant in Indian freedom history.

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Grey-Brown Podzolic soil is found in Punjab’s Shiwalik hills, particularly in Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur, Nawanshahr, and Ropar. It is stony, gravelly, sandy, develops under forest on steep slopes, and is formed by erosion with a reddish to olive-brown color due to the local cool climate.

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Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii) is Punjab’s dominant forest species, especially in Shiwalik regions, typical of Ropar, Hoshiarpur, and Gurdaspur. Other notable forest trees include Terminalia, Khair, and Amla, but Chir pine is uniquely significant for its ecological and economic benefits in Punjab.

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Ludhiana is home to the wheat-maize research site established by the Government of India and BISA, focusing on agricultural advancements. It is a hub for major research institutes such as the Punjab Agricultural University, fostering innovation in crop production and agri-technology in Punjab.

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Punjab Dairy Development Board promotes MILKFED, the state’s largest cooperative. Established in 1973, MILKFED markets dairy products under the ‘Verka’ brand. It plays a significant role in milk procurement, processing, and marketing in Punjab, supporting thousands of dairy farmers statewide.

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Fazilka in Punjab houses a major saline water fisheries research center, focusing on inland saline aquaculture and fish yield improvement. Punjab is notable for high fish productivity despite being landlocked, utilizing its perennial rivers and saline groundwaters for aquaculture.

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Ludhiana, Punjab, is known as the world’s largest bicycle producer, hosting major companies like Hero Cycles. The city has a large cluster of cycle manufacturers and parts industries, making it a central hub for India’s bicycle manufacturing sector.