Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
In a forest ecosystem, the base of the Pyramid is formed by the producers like large size trees. The herbivores such as fruit eating birds, deer, elephants etc. make the primary consumers and are less than primary producers. After that, the number goes down at each successive level. Thus, a Pyramid of numbers in a Forest Ecosystem is partially upright or spindle shaped and the numbers is broad in center.

Notes:
The correct answer is Mesotherms. Tropical deciduous forests thrive in regions with a warm climate, typically found in areas with a temperature range of 20-30°C (68-86°F). These forests experience seasonal rainfall, leading to a period of leaf shedding during the dry season. Notable examples include parts of India, Brazil, and Africa. The term “mesotherm” refers to moderate temperature conditions, which support this type of vegetation.

Notes:
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has declared the permissible noise level in India for different areas. In industrial areas, it is 75 dB (daytime) and 70 dB (night). In commercial areas, it is 65 dB and 55 dB respectively and in residential areas it is 55 dB and 45 dB.

Notes:
Please note that Carbon footprint is amount of carbon dioxide released in the atmosphere everyday by an electronic gadget / organization. The quantity of all green house gases put together required to maintain the temperature of the environment at a fixed level of 30 degree C at nodal points in the country is also referred to as carbon foot print. The second statement a unit under the Kyoto Protocol representing a reduction of greenhouse gases under the Joint Implementation mechanism is the definition of Emission Reduction Unit, while statement C is emission trading.

Notes:
India is home to approximately 3% of the world’s total Mangrove vegetation. These unique ecosystems are crucial as they protect coastal areas from erosion, storm surge, and tsunamis. India’s Mangroves are spread across several states such as West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, and Gujarat, hosting a diverse range of fauna including Bengal Tigers and saltwater crocodiles.

Notes:
Chilika Lake is a brackish water lagoon, which is situated in Odisha state at the mouth of the Daya River, covering an area of over 1,100 km. It is the largest wintering ground for migratory birds (Indian sub-continent). It is one of the hotspots of biodiversity in India. Some species of IUCN Red List of threatened animals inhabit the Chilika lake for at least part of their life cycle.

Notes:
Global warming potential (GWP) is defined as the heat absorbed by the greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, as a multiple of the heat that would be absorbed by the same mass of CO2. GWP is 1 for CO2. For other gases it depends on the gas and circumstances.

Notes:
The Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, usually known simply as the Basel Convention, is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (LDCs). It does not, however, address the movement of radioactive waste.

Notes:
Barometer is instrument which is used to measure to pressure. A slow downfall of reading suggests a low pressure area is passing in a nearby region, it may rains. If the reading is going down very fast then it is an indication of storm.

Notes:
Environment Protection Act of 1986 consists of 26 sections and 4 chapters.  It was enacted for the purpose of implementing the decisions of the United Nations Conference on Human Environment.