Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
Coffea liberica is a species that originated in Liberia. Its variety Baraco is a major crop in Philippines.
Coffea arabica is indigenous to Ethiopia and Arab world. It is also known as Coffee Shrub of Arabia and is believed to be the first variety of Coffee to be cultivated.
Coffea charrieriana is a coffee that is free of caffeine. It is found in Cameroon.
Mocha Coffee or Cafe mocha is derived from Coffea Arabica. This name derived from the Mocha town of Yemen. Yemen was the largest producer and exporter of Mocha Coffee 

Notes:
Panikulangara is a variety of cardamom. The variety is called Panikulangara Green Bold No.1 (PGB-1). It retains its green color and size even after drying.
Panikulangara is one of nine varieties of small cardamom that were trialed by the Indian Institute of Spices Research. Other varieties include Arjun and Wonder Cardamom.

Notes:
Earth Hour is organized by the WorldWildlife Fund (WWF). With almost 5 million supporters and a global network in over 100 countries/territories, it’s one of the world’s largest and most respected independent conservation organizations. WWF is mission is to stop the degradation of the Earth’s natural environment and build a future where people live in harmony with nature.

Notes:
Enoplotrupes tawangensis is a new species of dung beetle that has been discovered in Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh. The species is shining dark blue in colour and, measuring up to 27 mm, is relatively bigger than most of the dung beetles. The specimens were first collected and studied by two scientists from the Zoological Survey of India: Kailash Chandra and Devanshu Gupta. From India, approximately 65,000 species of insects are known, of them, more than 22,000 species are beetles. Dung beetles belong to the super family scarabaeoidea. They are the one of the fascinating group of insects because of their ability to bury dung deep in the soil and are indicators of the ecological health of an ecosystem, having clubbed antennae and pro-tibiae (pro-legs) modified for burrowing dung inside the soil. Often referred to as little recyclers, these scavenger beetles require mammalian dung to survive.

Notes:
Harmful effects of Supersonic jets:
• Excessive noise generation
• High development costs
• Expensive construction materials
• An increased cost per seat over subsonic airliners
• Aircraft engines also emit heat and noise
• Increase the global limits for aircraft nitrogen dioxide emissions by 40% and carbon dioxide emissions by 70%
• Destruction of ozone layer

Notes:
Potassium permanganate is a point-of-entry treatment method that oxidizes dissolved iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide into solid particles that are filtered out of the water. It can also be used to control iron bacteria growth in wells.

Notes:
Mulching is a covering, as of straw, compost, or plastic sheeting, spread on the ground around plants to prevent excessive evaporation or erosion, enrich the soil, inhibit weed growth, etc. Mulching reduces evaporation. Mulch also helps to retain moisture, prevent soil erosion, control weeds and it adds nutrients to the soil.

Notes:
Barometer is instrument which is used to measure to pressure. A slow downfall of reading suggests a low pressure area is passing in a nearby region, it may rains. If the reading is going down very fast then it is an indication of storm.

Notes:
The tailess Hoolock Gibbon is the only ape found in India. It is native to eastern Bangladesh, Northeast India and South West China. It is categorised into Western Hoolock Gibbon and Eastern Hoolock Gibbon. Both these species are listed under the Indian (Wildlife) Protection Act of 1972.

Notes:

Plants are autotrophes and use sunlight to produce their food. Though some bacterias are autotrophic  as a category they will come under the classification of decomposers.