Environment & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
11. The Global Initiative on Disaster Risk Management (GIDRM) is an initiative of:
[A] German Government
[B] Swiss Government
[C] Japanese Government
[D] British Government
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ German Government ]
Notes:The Global Initiative on Disaster Risk Management (GIDRM) was founded by the German Government. To effectively reduce the impacts of disasters, risk factors have to be identified and tailor-made solutions developed. The Global Initiative has three priority areas:
- Strengthening Disaster Response Preparedness and Civil Protection
- Resilient Critical Infrastructure and Risk-sensitive Economic Cycles
- Effective Early Warning Systems
12. The Leq symbol is used in measuring which of the following kinds of pollutions?
[A] Air
[B] Water
[C] Noise
[D] None of them
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Noise]
Notes:
As per the ambient noise standards, that have been notified for different categories like, industrial, commercial and residential areas and silence zones etc, for residential areas, 55 dB (A) Leq during ‘day time’ and 45 dB (A) Leq during ‘night time’ for residential areas have been fixed. Leq is a symbol that represents “Equivalent Continuous Noise Level”. Usually the signal that you are measuring is varying in amplitude.Leq noise levels are logarithmic (dB) values and cannot be added directly. A doubling of sound level results in a measured increase of 3 dB, four identical sources in a room would increase the noise level by 6 dB and so on.
13. Which of the following pollutants can cause human kidney disorder?
[A] Cadmium
[B] Iron
[C] Cobalt
[D] Carbon
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Cadmium]
Notes:
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is known to be a widespread environmental contaminant and a potential toxin that may adversely affect human health. The kidney is the main organ affected by chronic Cd exposure and toxicity.
14. What is the harmful effect of the Supersonic jets? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] Destruction of ozone layer
[B] Sound pollution
[C] Nervous system breakdown
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Destruction of ozone layer]
Notes:
Harmful effects of Supersonic jets:
• Excessive noise generation
• High development costs
• Expensive construction materials
• An increased cost per seat over subsonic airliners
• Aircraft engines also emit heat and noise
• Increase the global limits for aircraft nitrogen dioxide emissions by 40% and carbon dioxide emissions by 70%
• Destruction of ozone layer
15. Acid rain is caused by pollution of environment by? (UPSC Prelims 1988)
[A] Carbon dioxide and nitrogen
[B] Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
[C] Ozone and carbon dioxide
[D] Nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide]
Notes:
Acid rain results when sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) are emitted into the atmosphere and transported by wind and air currents. The SO2 and NOX react with water, oxygen and other chemicals to form sulfuric and nitric acids. These then mix with water and other materials before falling to the ground.
16. Where is the headquarters of Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE)?
[A] Dehradun
[B] Ranchi
[C] Shimla
[D] Bhopal
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Dehradun]
Notes:
The Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) is an autonomous organisation under the Ministry of Environment and Forests of government of India. It is headquartered in Dehradun.
17. Where is the Forest Research Institute located?
[A] Raipur
[B] Jodhpur
[C] Dehradun
[D] Chennai
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Dehradun]
Notes:
The Forest Research Institute is located in Dehradun, Uttrakhand. The Forest Research Institute (FRI) is an institute of the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education.
18. Which of the following directly depends on solar radiation for their survival?
[A] Plants
[B] Cows
[C] Bacteria
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Plants ]
Notes:
Plants are autotrophes and use sunlight to produce their food. Though some bacterias are autotrophic as a category they will come under the classification of decomposers.
19. Which of the following is true about Man and Biosphere Program?
- The program was launched by UNESCO
- It works towards improving the relation between environment and people and do scientific studies
- Under this program UNESCO recognize Biosphere Reserve
Select the correct answer from the codes given below-
[A] 1,2,3
[B] 1 and 2 only
[C] 1 and 3 only
[D] 2 and 3 only
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [1,2,3]
Notes:
Man and Biosphere program is under UNESCO and aims to conserve biodiversity and under this scientific studies are conducted regarding this. Under this program only internationally recognized biosphere reserves are listed
20. The Thar desert is situated in which among the following countries?
- India
- Pakistan
- Afghanistan
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 1 & 2
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 1 & 2]
Notes:
The Thar Desert is also known as The Great Indian Desert. It is a large arid region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent that covers an area of 200,000 square kilometres. It forms a natural boundary between India and Pakistan. It is the world’s 17th largest desert.
