Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity MCQs
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity Multiple choice questions for GK paper in SSC, NDA, CDS, UPSC, UPPSC and State PSC Examinations.
11. To fulfill the obligations under which among the following treaties, the government of India publishes the National Communication (NATCOM) periodically?
[A] U. S. -India Civil Nuclear Cooperation Initiative
[B] World Summit on the Information Society
[C] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
[D] None of them
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]
Notes:
The Government of India publishes National Communication periodically to fulfill the obligations under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). In 2004, India submitted its initial report.
12. Consider the following:
- Community Reserves
- Eco Sensitive Zones
- Biosphere Reserves
Which among the above are fixed in India as procedures fixed in various acts related to Wildlife / Environment protection?
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 1 & 3
[C] Only 1
[D] all of them
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Only 1]
Notes:
Community Reserve was established under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. It enables any state government to declare community-owned forest area as “community reserve” if locals are willing to participate in conservation efforts for same. Under it, community reserve receives same legal protection as National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.
13. Along with Jatropha, the seed oil of which among the following plants has been found to be useful in diesel generators being explored in hundreds of projects throughout India and other developing countries as feedstock for biodiesel?
[A] Arachis hypogea
[B] Pongamia pinnata
[C] Butea monosperma
[D] Pterocarpus santalinius
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Pongamia pinnata]
Notes:
Pongamia pinnata is a medium-sized, evergreen or briefly deciduous tree. It has been found to be useful in diesel generators being explored in hundreds of projects throughout India and other developing countries as feedstock for biodiesel.
14. Which among the following planet / body shows anti-green house effect?
[A] Mars
[B] Venus
[C] Jupiter
[D] Titan
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Titan]
Notes:
In our solar System, Mars and Venus show the Green House Effect, but Titan, the largest planet of Saturn and Pluto, shows the opposite phenomena which is called Anti-Green House Effect.
15. The First Chairperson of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) was ?
[A] JUSTICE A.S. Naidu
[B] Justice Lokeshwar Singh Panta
[C] Justice Markandey Katju
[D] Justice A K Ganguly
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Justice Lokeshwar Singh Panta]
Notes:
National Green Tribunal Act (NGT) was established in 2010, under India’s constitutional provision of Article 21, which assures the citizens of India, the right to a healthy environment under Article 2 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, which affirms the right to life. The tribunal itself, is a special fast-track court to handle the expeditious disposal of the cases pertaining to environmental issues. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was officially passed by the legislature on 18th October 2010 with its Chairperson, Justice Lokeshwar Singh Panta.
16. The Siberian Crane, an endangered migratory bird is a regular visitor of which of the following national park/bird sanctuaries:
[A] Ranganathittu bird sanctuary
[B] Keoladeo national park
[C] Vedanthangal bird sanctuary
[D] Sultanpur bird sanctuary
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Keoladeo national park]
Notes:
Keoladeo National Park in Bharatpur, Rajasthan is a famous avifauna sanctuary that plays host to thousands of birds especially during the winter season.
It is also a declared World Heritage Site. The Sanctuary is one of the richest bird areas in the world. It is known for nesting of its resident birds and visiting migratory birds including water birds. The rare Siberian cranes visit the place in winter season.
17. With reference to the Flexible Mechanisms of Kyoto Protocol, which of the following is / are correct statements?
- Through Clean Development Mechanism(CDM),any Annex I country can invest in emission reduction projects in any other Annex I country as an alternative to reducing emissions domestically.
- Through Joint Implementation(JI),countries can meet their domestic emission reduction targets by buying greenhouse gas reduction units from (projects in) non Annex I countries to the Kyoto protocol (mostly developing countries).
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 and 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Neither 1 nor 2 ]
Notes:
The ‘flexible mechanisms’ of the Kyoto Protocol were included for the first time in the COP-6, held Bonn, Germany. Flexible mechanisms or Kyoto Mechanisms, refer to Emissions Trading, the Clean Development Mechanism and Joint Implementation.
1.Emissions trading (ET)-The Emissions Trading-mechanism allows parties to the Kyoto Protocol to buy ‘Kyoto units'(emission permits for greenhouse gas) from other countries to help meet their domestic emission reduction targets.
2.Joint Implementation (JI)-Through the Joint Implementation, any Annex I country can invest in emission reduction projects (referred to as “Joint Implementation Projects”) in any other Annex I country as an alternative to reducing emissions domestically.
3.Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)-Through the CDM, countries can meet their domestic emission reduction targets by buying greenhouse gas reduction units from (projects in) non Annex I countries to the Kyoto protocol(mostly developing countries). Non-Annex I countries have no GHG emission restrictions, but have financial incentives to develop GHG emission reduction projects to receive Certified Emission Reductions that can then be sold to Annex I countries, encouraging sustainable development.
18. Which of the following make rain bearing clouds appear dark?
- Rayleigh scattering
- Tyndall effect
- High density of clouds
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Only 3]
Notes:
The rain bearing clouds — the nimbostratus and stratus clouds — are dark in colour. There are two main reasons: 1. Part of Light is scattered by the tiny droplets of water in clouds 2. Part of Light is absorbed by the tiny droplets of water in clouds. The high density and thickness of rain clouds cause them to appear black because it doesn’t allow much of the light to pass through.
19. Consider the following statements about green manure crop Sesbania rostrata, which has been developed by BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre) using mutational breeding technology:
- Sesbania rostrata naturally grows in desert regions
- It has high rate of nitrogen fixation.
- It reduces weed proliferation and weed growth.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Only 2 & 3]
Notes:
Using mutational breeding, BARC has successfully developed green manure crop – Sesbania rostrata that is proving highly cost-effective for small farmers. First statement is incorrect because Sesbania rostrata occurs naturally in marshes, floodplains, on muddy river banks.
20. Identify the fauna with the help of information given below:
- The fauna is endemic to wet evergreen forests in western ghats of India
- It is categorised as endangered species of India by IUCN
- It is omnivorous in nature, have black coat and have been largely affected by poachers as its meat has medicinal value
Select the correct answer from options below:
[A] Lion Tailed Macaque
[B] Hoolock Gibbon
[C] Nilgiri langur
[D] Brown Palm Civet
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Lion Tailed Macaque ]
Notes:
All the above given characteristics are of a primate Lion-tailed macaque endemic to western ghats of India.
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