Biology MCQs
31. Identification of drugs through genomic studies is called?
[A] Genomics
[B] Pharmacogenomics
[C] Pharmacogenetics
[D] Cheminformatics
[B] Pharmacogenomics
[C] Pharmacogenetics
[D] Cheminformatics
Correct Answer: B [Pharmacogenomics]
Notes:
Identification of drugs through genomic studies is called Pharmacogenomics. Pharmacogenomics may improve health care costs and efficiency.
Identification of drugs through genomic studies is called Pharmacogenomics. Pharmacogenomics may improve health care costs and efficiency.
32. What is Alzheimer’s disease?
[A] It affects liver
[B] It is a disorder of the brain
[C] It affects kidney
[D] It affects human immune system
[B] It is a disorder of the brain
[C] It affects kidney
[D] It affects human immune system
Correct Answer: B [It is a disorder of the brain]
Notes:
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurologic disease of the brain leading to the irreversible loss of neurons and the loss of intellectual abilities, including memory and reasoning. These with time become severe enough to impede social or occupational functioning. Alzheimer’s disease is also known as simply Senile Dementia.
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurologic disease of the brain leading to the irreversible loss of neurons and the loss of intellectual abilities, including memory and reasoning. These with time become severe enough to impede social or occupational functioning. Alzheimer’s disease is also known as simply Senile Dementia.
33. The elements known as primary nutrients for plants are ____:
[A] Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium
[B] Potassium, Boron and Nitrogen
[C] Nitrogen, Oxygen and Silicon
[D] Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Iron
[B] Potassium, Boron and Nitrogen
[C] Nitrogen, Oxygen and Silicon
[D] Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Iron
Correct Answer: A [Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium]
Notes:
Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) are considered as the three essential or primary nutrients for plants. Together they make up the trio known as ‘NPK’. Other important nutrients are Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur.
Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) are considered as the three essential or primary nutrients for plants. Together they make up the trio known as ‘NPK’. Other important nutrients are Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur.
34. Which of the following is a form of sexual reproduction?
[A] Fission
[B] Budding
[C] Fragmentation
[D] Haemapheoditism
[B] Budding
[C] Fragmentation
[D] Haemapheoditism
Correct Answer: D [Haemapheoditism]
Notes:
Hermaphroditism is a form of sexual reproduction. Hermaphrodite is an organism that has reproductive organs normally associated with both male and female sexes. Hermaphroditic plants—most flowering plants, or angiosperms—are bisexual. Hermaphroditic animals—mostly invertebrates such as worms, moss animals, trematodes, snails, slugs etc are usually parasitic, permanently attached to another animal or plant.
Hermaphroditism is a form of sexual reproduction. Hermaphrodite is an organism that has reproductive organs normally associated with both male and female sexes. Hermaphroditic plants—most flowering plants, or angiosperms—are bisexual. Hermaphroditic animals—mostly invertebrates such as worms, moss animals, trematodes, snails, slugs etc are usually parasitic, permanently attached to another animal or plant.
35. Which is the effect of antigen in an ill person?
[A] It increases the production of antibiotics
[B] It increases the production of W.B.C.
[C] It increases the production of anti-serum against bacteria
[D] It prevents the growth of bacteria
[B] It increases the production of W.B.C.
[C] It increases the production of anti-serum against bacteria
[D] It prevents the growth of bacteria
Correct Answer: A [It increases the production of antibiotics]
Notes:
Vaccines containing antigens are introduced into the body, stimulating the immune system response by instructing B cells, with assistance from T cells, to produce antibodies. Antibodies are produced to fight the weakened or dead viruses in the vaccine. The immune system prepares to destroy real and stronger viruses in the future. When new antigens enter the body, white blood cells called macrophages engulf them; process the information contained in the antigens, and send it to the T cells to mobilise immune system. Hence, introduction of antigens in any form in body induces the production of antibodies to boost immunity.
Vaccines containing antigens are introduced into the body, stimulating the immune system response by instructing B cells, with assistance from T cells, to produce antibodies. Antibodies are produced to fight the weakened or dead viruses in the vaccine. The immune system prepares to destroy real and stronger viruses in the future. When new antigens enter the body, white blood cells called macrophages engulf them; process the information contained in the antigens, and send it to the T cells to mobilise immune system. Hence, introduction of antigens in any form in body induces the production of antibodies to boost immunity.
36. Which of the following is not an example of an amphibian?
[A] Sea horse
[B] Alligator
[C] Frog
[D] Toad
[B] Alligator
[C] Frog
[D] Toad
Correct Answer: A [Sea horse]
Notes:
Seahorse is the name given to 54 species of small marine fishes in the genus Hippocampus. It comes under Animalia kingdom; Chordata phylum; Actinopterygii class. Having a head and neck suggestive of a horse, seahorses also feature segmented bony armour, an upright posture and a curled prehensile tail.
Seahorse is the name given to 54 species of small marine fishes in the genus Hippocampus. It comes under Animalia kingdom; Chordata phylum; Actinopterygii class. Having a head and neck suggestive of a horse, seahorses also feature segmented bony armour, an upright posture and a curled prehensile tail.
37. Which of the following mammals lay eggs?
[A] Bat
[B] Whale
[C] Weasel
[D] Platypus
[B] Whale
[C] Weasel
[D] Platypus
Correct Answer: D [Platypus]
Notes:
The platypus, also known as the duck-billed platypus, is a semiaquatic egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania. Together with the four species of echidna, it is one of the five extant species of monotremes, the only mammals that lay eggs instead of giving birth.
The platypus, also known as the duck-billed platypus, is a semiaquatic egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania. Together with the four species of echidna, it is one of the five extant species of monotremes, the only mammals that lay eggs instead of giving birth.
38. Deficiency of ____ causes rickets disease:
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin C
[D] Vitamin D
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin C
[D] Vitamin D
Correct Answer: D [Vitamin D]
Notes:
Rickets is the softening and weakening of bones in children, usually because of an extreme and prolonged vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is needed for the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the body, which, in turn affects how calcium is deposited in the bones; thus it is considered essential for proper bone development and growth.
Rickets is the softening and weakening of bones in children, usually because of an extreme and prolonged vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is needed for the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the body, which, in turn affects how calcium is deposited in the bones; thus it is considered essential for proper bone development and growth.
39. Which of the following vitamins contain nitrogen?
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin C
[D] Vitamin D
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin C
[D] Vitamin D
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin B]
Notes:
Vitamin B contains nitrogen atoms that allow them to participate in regulating metabolism. For example, Vitamin B3 is a water soluble vitamin containing compound Niacin or Niacinamide, a nitrogen containing vitamin.
Vitamin B contains nitrogen atoms that allow them to participate in regulating metabolism. For example, Vitamin B3 is a water soluble vitamin containing compound Niacin or Niacinamide, a nitrogen containing vitamin.
40. During heavy exercise, we get cramps in the legs due to the accumulation of ____:
[A] Carbon dioxide
[B] Water
[C] Lactic acid
[D] Alcohol
[B] Water
[C] Lactic acid
[D] Alcohol
Correct Answer: C [Lactic acid]
Notes:
Lactic acid is a compound produced when glucose is broken down and oxidized. During intense exercise when oxygen levels are lower, more lactic acid is produced. In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process of fermentation during normal metabolism and exercise.
Lactic acid is a compound produced when glucose is broken down and oxidized. During intense exercise when oxygen levels are lower, more lactic acid is produced. In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process of fermentation during normal metabolism and exercise.
