Biology MCQs

Notes:
Protease is an enzyme that cleaves proteins. These enzymes are made by animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria.

Notes:
A virus has a simple structure. It has no internal cellular structure, no cell wall or cell membrane, just the protein coat that holds the string of nucleic acid. It is made only of a nucleic acid + a protein coat. A cell wall is a layer located outside the cell membrane found in plants, fungi, bacteria, algae, and archaea.

Notes:
Plant wilting occurs after excessive loss of water by transpiration and lesser absorption. i.e. rate of transpiration exceeds rate of water absorption. On a hot day, plants transpire heavily and cannot absorb water speedily to keep pace with transpiration loss, even when there is enough water.

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Panthera pardus is the scientific name of leopard, one of the five “big cats” in the genus Panthera. It is a member of the family Felidae with a wide range in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia. It belongs to the Chordata phylum, Mammalia class and Carnivora order.

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Anaerobic reactions involve break down of glucose into pyruvic acid, which then reacts to produce lactic acid. As muscle metabolism shifts from aerobic to anaerobic ATP production, lactic acid begins to accumulate in muscles and to appear in the bloodstream. This leads to muscle fatigue with changing pH of muscle cells. C6H12O6 —> 2C3H6O3 + 2ATP

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Silk worms are the larva of a moth (Bombyx mori) native to Asia that spins a cocoon of fine, strong, lustrous fiber that is the source of commercial silk. Silkworms feed on the leaves of the mulberries (genus- Morus) and sometimes on the Osage orange (Maclura pomifera).

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Ascariasis is a disease caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. Infection occurs by eating food or drink contaminated with Ascaris eggs from feces. Ascariasis is most common in places without modern sanitation.

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White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes, are an important part of the immune system. These cells help fight infections by attacking bacteria, viruses, and germs that invade the body. White blood cells originate in the bone marrow, but circulate throughout the bloodstream. There are functionally two types of WBC, phagocytes and lymphocytes. Phagocytes engulf the germs and lymphocytes produce and release antibodies when required and as required by the body.

Notes:
Lipase is an enzyme made by pancreas, an organ located near stomach. Lipase helps body digest fats. It’s normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood. But, a high level of lipase can mean you have pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas, or another type of pancreatic disease.

Notes:
Malaria is a life-threatening mosquito-borne blood disease caused by a Plasmodium parasite. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of the Anopheles mosquito. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Measles is a highly contagious infection caused by the measles virus.