Biology MCQs

Notes:
Somatostatin works against Growth Hormone (GHRH), hence it is known as Growth Inhibiting Hormone. It consists of two peptides of 14 and 28 amino acids and is released from neurosecretory nerves.

Notes:
Symptoms of rinderpest include constipation with hard stools containing fever, dysentery or blood, discharge from the eyes and nose, anorexia, leukopenia followed by diarrhea or diarrhea with an unpleasant odor.

Notes:
Fever and flu-like illness, including shaking chills, and muscle aches are the symptoms of malaria.

Notes:
Heat and moisture conditions aggravate fungal diseases. Fungal diseases are also known as mycosis.

Notes:
Bacteria protect themselves from viruses by fragmenting viral DNA with Exonuclease. Enzymes that work by cleaving one nucleotide at a time from the end (Exo) of the polynucleotide chain are called exonucleases.

Notes:
Blubber is a thick layer of vascularized adipose tissue found under the skin particularly whales inhabiting of Arctic ocean. It’s presence insulate their body from ice cold. The energy stored in blubber includes both proteins (mostly collagen) and fats (mostly lipids). Blubber covers the entire body of animals such as seals, whales, and walruses—except for their fins, flippers, and flukes. Whaling largely targeted the collection of blubber: whalers rendered it into oil in try pots, or later, in vats on factory ships. The oil could serve in the manufacture of soap, leather, and cosmetics. Whale oil was used in candles as wax, and in oil lamps as fuel.

Notes:
Female gametes are also called eggs or ova. They are created during the cellular reproduction process known as meiosis. The resulting gamete cell is a haploid cell. When the two haploid cells, the egg and sperm, fuse together during fertilization, the result is a diploid cell called a zygote.

Notes:
Chitin is the main component of the cell walls of fungi, the exoskeletons of arthropods such as crustaceans (e.g., crabs, lobsters and shrimps) and insects, the radulas of molluscs, and the beaks and internal shells of cephalopods, including squid and octopuses. Combined with calcium carbonate, as in the shells of Crustacean and molluscs, chitin produces a much stronger composite for protection.

Notes:
The largest invertebrate is Mollusc. With over 80,000 species, molluscs form the second largest phylum of animals on Earth and range from tiny snails to giant squid and octopuses.

Notes:
Leukaemia is a type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells called “blasts”. Damage to the bone marrow, by way of displacing the normal bone marrow cells with higher numbers of immature white blood cells, results in a lack of blood platelets, which are important in the blood clotting process. This means people with leukaemia may easily become bruised, bleed excessively, or develop pinprick bleeds (petechiae). White blood cells, which are involved in fighting pathogens, may be suppressed or dysfunctional. This could cause the patient’s immune system to be unable to fight off a simple infection or to start attacking other normal body cells.