Biology MCQs

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VAM is Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal. It is formed by the symbiotic association between certain phycomycetous fungi and angiosperm roots.

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The method that silencing specific mRNA due to the binding of complementary dsRNA is called RNAi.

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Holstein Friesian cows are world’s highest-production dairy animals and dominate the global dairy industry. These cows originated in Dutch provinces of North Holland and Friesland, and Schleswig-Holstein in Northern Germany. They are known as Holsteins in North America and Friesians in UK and Ireland.

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Blubber is a thick layer of vascularized adipose tissue found under the skin particularly whales inhabiting of Arctic ocean. It’s presence insulate their body from ice cold. The energy stored in blubber includes both proteins (mostly collagen) and fats (mostly lipids). Blubber covers the entire body of animals such as seals, whales, and walruses—except for their fins, flippers, and flukes. Whaling largely targeted the collection of blubber: whalers rendered it into oil in try pots, or later, in vats on factory ships. The oil could serve in the manufacture of soap, leather, and cosmetics. Whale oil was used in candles as wax, and in oil lamps as fuel.

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The phosphate groups on DNA are ionic and charged. Each phosphate group on the DNA backbone has one unit of negative charge (-1). Charged molecules attract water and are hydrophilic. DNA has two hydrophilic polar external backbones made of sugars and phosphate groups joined by ester bonds. Therefore, DNA as nucleic acid is characterized by presence of phosphodiester bond.

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The thin layer of living cells just inside the bark is called the cambium. It is found in the area between xylem and phloem. It forms parallel rows of cells, which result in secondary tissues. It is the part of the tree that makes new cells, allowing the trees to grow wider each year.

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The Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical
wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its prey chiefly insects and arachnids with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant’s leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces.

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Lipase is an enzyme made by pancreas, an organ located near stomach. Lipase helps body digest fats. It’s normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood. But, a high level of lipase can mean you have pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas, or another type of pancreatic disease.

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Myrmecology is the scientific study of ants, a branch of entomology. The word myrmecology was coined by William Morton Wheeler (1865–1937), although human interest in the life of ants goes back further, with numerous ancient folk references.

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Hibernation is a state of greatly reduced metabolic activity and lowered body temperature adopted by certain mammals as an adaptation to adverse winter conditions. The term hibernation is commonly applied to all types of winter dormancy in vertebrate animals. Among mammals, true hibernators are found only in the orders Chiroptera (bats), Insectivora (hedgehogs and allies), and Rodentia (ground squirrels, marmots, etc).