Biology MCQs

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A renewable, biodegradable fuel that is manufactured from vegetable oils and animal fats are called Biodiesel

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Meloidogyne incognita is a nematode that infects the roots of tobacco plants, also known as ‘root-knot nematodes’. It is a plant-parasitic nematode, affecting both monocot and dicotyledonous plants.

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There are basically two approaches to cloning the entire genome. In the first approach, systematic cloning is performed and the second approach is based on randomly cloning overlapping fragments.

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Glycolysis, part of cellular respiration, is a series of reactions that constitute the first phase of most carbohydrate catabolism, catabolism meaning the breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones. Glycolysis breaks down glucose and forms pyruvate with the production of two molecules of ATP. The entire process from conversion of glucose to pyruvate is anaerobic that is it does not take place in presence of oxygen.

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The petiole is the stalk-like structure which connects the leaf blade to the stem. The petiole has tiny tubes, that connect the veins on the leaf blade to the stem. Few of these enable water transport to the leaf while the other carry food away from the leaf to other parts of the plant.

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Tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica), Ashoka tree (Saraca Indica), Indian Coral tree (Erythrina Indica) have ‘Indica’ common in their botanical names. In biology/taxonomy, if a species originates in India, its scientific name sometimes includes “Indica”.

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The pore is bordered by a pair of specialized parenchyma cells known as guard cells that are responsible for regulating the size of the opening. Guard cells are specialized cells in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that are used to control gaseous exchange and rate of transpiration.

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New born babies and children normally breathe faster than older children and adults. Their respiratory rate is about 30-60 breaths per minute. The respiratory rate for the different age-categories of children is:-6-12 months: 24-30; 1-5 years: 20-30; 6-12 years: 12-20.

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The red blood cells develop in the bone marrow and circulate for about 100–120 days in the body before their components are recycled by macrophages in liver and spleen (Grave yard of RBC). The old, worn out and dead RBC are destroyed mainly in an organ called spleen.

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Cell division is the process by which cells produce new cells. In animals some tissues must be repaired often such as the lining of gut, white blood cells, skin cells with a short lifespan. Other cells do not divide at all after birth are neurons.