Biology MCQs

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Isthmus is called the end part of the oviduct. It is a narrow strip of land that connects two larger landmasses and separates two bodies of water.

Notes:
Bacteria protect themselves from viruses by fragmenting viral DNA with Exonuclease. Enzymes that work by cleaving one nucleotide at a time from the end (Exo) of the polynucleotide chain are called exonucleases.

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Taenia is a genus of tapeworm that includes some important parasites of livestock. Members of the genus are responsible for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. There are more than 100 species recorded. They are morphologically characterized by a ribbon-like body composed of a series of segments called proglottids with proximal mouth called scolex.

Notes:
Tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica), Ashoka tree (Saraca Indica), Indian Coral tree (Erythrina Indica) have ‘Indica’ common in their botanical names. In biology/taxonomy, if a species originates in India, its scientific name sometimes includes “Indica”.

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Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2 is an easily absorbed colored micronutrient with a key role in energy metabolism, and for the metabolism of fats, ketone bodies, carbohydrates, and proteins.

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Echo location, also called biosonar, is the biological sonar used by several kinds of animals. Echo-locating animals emit calls out to the environment and listen to the echoes of those calls that return from various objects near them. They use these echoes to locate and identify the objects. Echo-locating animals include some mammals and a few birds; most notably microchiropteran bats and odontocetes (toothed whales and dolphins).

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Ascariasis is a disease caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. Infection occurs by eating food or drink contaminated with Ascaris eggs from feces. Ascariasis is most common in places without modern sanitation.

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Proteins from animals are called ‘first class’ proteins – they provide all the essential amino acids, including those that the body can’t make. Proteins from plants are ‘second class’ proteins.

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• Cerebellum is located under the cerebrum. Function: Coordinate muscle movements, maintain posture, and balance of the body.
• Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. Function: Controls all our voluntary functions, as well as our thinking, vision, hearing etc.
• Pons is the largest part of the brainstem. Function: Sensory functions including arousal, respiratory processes, fine motor control, equilibrium, muscle tone, and the Circadian cycle.
• Medulla is the lowest part of the brainstem. Function: Relay of nerve signals between the brain and spinal cord, Coordination of body movements and Mood regulation.

Notes:
Lipase is an enzyme made by pancreas, an organ located near stomach. Lipase helps body digest fats. It’s normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood. But, a high level of lipase can mean you have pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas, or another type of pancreatic disease.