Biology MCQs

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Heart disease and High blood pressure are examples of Multifactorial Genetic Inheritance. It is also known as polygenic inheritance.

Notes:
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Signs and symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil’s disease.

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The word angiosperm means seed. The seeds develop inside an organ which is modified to become a fruit. These are also called flowering plants. Plant embryos in seeds have structures called cotyledons. Cotyledons are called ‘seed leaves’ because in many instances they emerge and become green when the seed germinates.

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The skin is the soft outer covering of vertebrates that guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments, and internal organs. The cutaneous membrane is the technical term for our skin. The skin’s primary role is to help protect the rest of the body’s tissues and organs from physical damage such as abrasions, chemical damage such as detergents, and biological damage from micro organisms. Our skin is made of three general layers. In order from most superficial to deepest they are the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.

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Organ donation is the process of donating organs or biological tissue to a living recipient, who is in need of a transplant. The eyes of a dead person can be used only if they are taken out within 6 hrs of death. Only corneal blinds can be benefitted through this process not other Blinds.

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Goitre: swelling of the neck or larynx resulting from enlargement of the thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency; Anemia: Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia — a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body’s tissues. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron; Rickets: defective mineralization of bones due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D; Scurvy: a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C.

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Virology is the branch of science that deals with the study of viruses. It focuses on the following aspects of viruses: their structure, classification and evolution, their ways to infect and exploit host cells for reproduction, their interaction with host organism physiology and immunity, the diseases they cause, and their use in research and therapy.

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Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. The inflammation may be caused by infection with bacteria.

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When the plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it takes up water by osmosis and starts to swell, but the cell wall prevents it from bursting. The plant cell is said to have become “turgid” i.e. swollen and hard. So it is because of endosmosis that cell becomes turgid. Contrarily if a cell is placed in hypertonic solution, it losses water become flaccid and suffers from plasmolysis.

Notes:
Olfactory receptor, also called smell receptor, are present in the nose. It is a protein capable of binding odour molecules that plays a central role in the sense of smell (olfaction). It is responsible for the detection of odorants which give rise to the sense of smell. Activated olfactory receptors trigger nerve impulses which transmit information about odour to the brain.