Biology MCQs

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Dichelobacter nodosus bacteria is the cause of footrot. It is a common cause of lameness in cattle.

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Mycobacterium avium microorganism causes a bacterial disease in a poultry farm.

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Mendel is known as the “Father of Genetics”.

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Anabaena is the nitrogen-fixing symbiotic organism present in Azolla. Anabaena is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria that exist as plankton.

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Green diesel is also a type of biofuel, produced by hydrocarbon oil and fat feedstock. Bio-ethers and Re-formulated gasoline are also a type of biofuels.

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ELISA stands for enzyme-linked immunoassay. This is a commonly used laboratory test to detect antibodies in the blood. An antibody is a protein produced by the body’s immune system when it detects harmful substances, called antigens.

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Plant wilting occurs after excessive loss of water by transpiration and lesser absorption. i.e. rate of transpiration exceeds rate of water absorption. On a hot day, plants transpire heavily and cannot absorb water speedily to keep pace with transpiration loss, even when there is enough water.

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Plants obtain nitrogen through their roots. In the soil, nitrifying bacteria change ammonia into nitrite (NO2 –) and then into nitrate (NO3 –), this process is known as nitrification. Furthermore, plants also absorb nitrogen in an organic form. Several organic compounds (compounds containing carbon) constitute the organic fraction of nitrogen in the soil. The organic matter in the soil exists as decomposing plant and animal residues, relatively stable decomposition-resistant compounds, and humus. The abundance of various forms of nitrogen can be altered by plant roots through the change in pH and secretion of organic compounds or oxygen.

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Humming birds are birds that comprise the family Trochilidae. They are among the smallest of birds, most species measuring in the 7.5–13 cm (3–5 in) range. Indeed, the smallest extinct bird species is a humming bird, the 5-cm Bee Humming bird. These birds being the smallest are, capable of flying both in forward and back direction.

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In the blood the key minerals are iron, copper, zinc, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Minerals constitute important part of blood plasma that constitutes almost 55% of blood. In the blood, iron is found in larger amounts than any other mineral.