Biology MCQs

Notes:
Mendel is known as the “Father of Genetics”.

Notes:
A nitrogen-fixing bacterium that forms loose associations with the roots of crop plants is Azospirillum.

Notes:
Polygalacturonase in tomato is expressed only during the ripening phase of fruit development. PG becomes abundant during ripening and plays a major role in cell wall degradation and fruit softening.

Notes:
The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is used to prevent tuberculosis (TB). The BCG vaccine is named after Dr Albert Calmette and Dr Camille Guerin, who developed the vaccine from a germ called Mycobacterium bovis, which is similar to TB. BCG is a live vaccine that has been processed so that it is not harmful to humans. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria that affects the lungs, and sometimes other parts of the body.

Notes:
Blood is considered a connective tissue for two basic reasons:
(i) embryologically, it has the same origin (mesodermal) as do the other connective tissue types and
(ii) blood connects the body systems together bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other signaling molecules, and removing the wastes.

Notes:
Changes in pH which can accompany metabolic process such as respiration (aerobic glycolysis for example) can alter the conformation of an enzyme and hence enzyme activity such as salivarya mylase is effective in neutral condition, pepsin in acidic condition l.5 (less than pH 7) and trypsin in basic condition (more than pH 7).

Notes:
Motor skills are needed to control the movements of the different muscles in the human body. The frontal lobe plays a large role in voluntary movement. It houses the primary motor cortex which regulates activities like walking. The frontal lobes are also involved in problem solving, spontaneity, memory, language, initiation, judgement, impulse control, etc.

Notes:
A ligament is composed of dense fibrous bundles of collagenous fibres and spindle-shaped cells known as fibrocytes, with little ground substance. Ligaments which attaches the two different bones at a joint may be of two major types: white ligament is rich in collagenous fibres, which are sturdy and inelastic; and yellow ligament is rich in elastic fibres, which are quite tough even though they allow elastic movement.

Notes:
The term smooth muscle refers to a muscle of the human body that is part of a involuntary muscle group. The walls of hollow organs are the primary place that smooth muscles can be found. Some of those locations include: Walls of blood vessels, walls of stomach, intestines, large (aorta) and small arteries and veins, urinary bladder, uterus, male and female reproductive tracts, respiratory tract, etc.

Notes:
Myrmecology is the scientific study of ants, a branch of entomology. The word myrmecology was coined by William Morton Wheeler (1865–1937), although human interest in the life of ants goes back further, with numerous ancient folk references.