Biology MCQs

Notes:
Salivary amylase does not act as a protective barrier for the surface of the body.

Notes:
The nephron is the excretory unit in the human excretory system. Each nephron has two parts – the glomerulus and the renal tubule.

Notes:
Ovulation is the process of releasing eggs from the ovary.

Notes:
Microorganisms enter our body from various places:
1. the respiratory system
2. urogenital tract
3. gastrointestinal tract
4. skin surface

Notes:
Leber’s Hereditary Optic Atrophy is a type of Mitochondrial Inheritance that occurs due to mutations in a single gene and can be easily detected by pedigree analysis.

Notes:
Pulses are part of the legume family, but the term “pulse” refers only to the dried seed. Dried peas, edible beans, lentils and chickpeas are the most common varieties of pulses. The term “legume” refers to the plants whose fruit is enclosed in a pod. Other well-known legumes include alfalfa, clover, fresh peas, lupins, mesquite, soy and peanuts.

Notes:
Cotton is the most popular of the BT crops. In BT cotton, BT gene was isolated and transferred from a bacterium Bacillus thurigiensis to American cotton. The American cotton was subsequently crossed with Indian cotton to introduce the gene into native varieties. The BT cotton variety contains a foreign gene obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis. This bacterial gene, introduced genetically into the cotton seeds, protects the plants from bollworm (A. lepidoptora), a major pest of cotton.

Notes:
Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a bacterial infection due to Salmonella typhi, also known as Salmonella enterica serotype typhi, that grows in the intestines and blood. Typhoid is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person.

Notes:
Hibernation is a state of inactivity and metabolic depression in endotherms. Hibernation refers to a season of heterothermy that is characterized by low body temperature, slow breathing and heart rate, and low metabolic rate. Often associated with cold temperatures, the purpose of hibernation is to conserve energy during a period when sufficient food is scarce and outside temperature is low.

Notes:
• Budding reproduction occur in Hydra. Budding is an asexual mode of producing new organisms. Both hydra and yeast reproduce by the process of Budding.
• Fragmentation: Cyanobacteria, fungi, flatworms, sponges, some annelid worms and sea stars.
• Binary Fission: Amoeba, E. coli, Archaea, euglena etc.
• Spore formation: Fungi, bacteria, Algae etc.