31. One of two large chambers on the lower side of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs:
[A] Capillaries
[B] Atria
[C] Ventricles
[D] Valves
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Ventricles]
Notes:
A ventricle is one of two large chambers on the underside of the heart that collect and eject blood toward the peripheral beds within the body and lungs.
32. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is related to which of the following?
[A] circulatory system
[B] digestive system
[C] respiratory system
[D] excretory system
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [digestive system]
Notes:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is related to the digestive system. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs when stomach acid repeatedly backs up into the tube connecting your mouth and stomach (esophagus).
33. In patients with hemophilia, which of these can increase the risk of cerebral microbleeds?
[A] cardiovascular risk factors
[B] increased age
[C] Hepatitis C infection
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
In patients with hemophilia, cardiovascular risk factors, age, and hepatitis C infection may increase the risk of cerebral microbleeds.
34. Which of the following can cause hepatitis?
[A] an improperly functioning immune system
[B] alcohol and medicines
[C] viruses
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
An improperly functioning immune system, alcohol, medicines, and viruses can cause hepatitis. This is a viral disease, that causes hepatic anorexia resulting in liver damage or jaundice.
35. What disease is caused by paramyxovirus?
[A] measles
[B] parainfluenza virus
[C] respiratory syncytial virus
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Measles, mumps, croup, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus are caused by a paramyxovirus.
36. Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium called __.
[A] Bacillus thuringiensis
[B] Bacillus anthracis
[C] Bacillus thermophilus
[D] Bacillus subtilis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Bacillus thuringiensis]
Notes:
Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis.
37. Which chemical is used to obtain a precipitate of pure DNA?
[A] Methanol
[B] Ether
[C] HCl
[D] Ethanol
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Ethanol]
Notes:
Ethanol is used to obtain a precipitate of pure DNA. Renewable fuel made from corn and other plant materials is called ethanol.
38. When we touch leaves of “Touch me not plant”, they close, these movements are called ____:
[A] Seismonastic movements
[B] Photonastic movements
[C] Nyctinastic movements
[D] Chemonastic movements
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Seismonastic movements]
Notes:
These types of mechanism have been termed seismonastic movements. The movement occurs when specific regions of cells lose turgor pressure, which is the force that is applied onto the cell wall by water within the cell vacuoles and other cell contents.
39. Mycobacterium leprae is a ____:
[A] Bacillus
[B] Spiral
[C] Coccus
[D] Spore
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Bacillus]
Notes:
Mycobacterium leprae is a bacillus (rod-shaped) bacterium that causes leprosy, also known as “Hansen’s disease”, which is a chronic infectious disease that damages the peripheral nerves and targets the skin, eyes, and muscles, upper respiratory tract, and nasal mucosa (lining of the nose).
40. Which of the following are the largest fixator of solar energy?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Protozoa
[C] Fungi
[D] Green plants
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Green plants]
Notes:
Plants and photosynthetic organisms utilize this solar energy in fixing large amounts of CO2 while amounts consumed by human beings are relatively small representing only 10% of the energy converted during photosynthesis. The process of photosynthesis in plants involves a series of steps and reactions that use solar energy, water, and carbon dioxide to produce organic compounds and oxygen.
