Biology MCQs

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4 tall plants and 1 medium height plant is totally impossible outcome of Mendel’s Experiment. Gregor Mendel discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance through his work on pea plants. They concluded that genes come in pairs and are inherited as separate units, one from each parent.

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A gene that has the potential to cause cancer is called an oncogenic trait.

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Blue-Green algae are Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria. Liverworts, cycad roots, fern, and lichens are also some of the Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.

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The major role of epidermis is to protect all the parts of the plant. Epidermal cells on the aerial parts of the plant often secrete a waxy, water-resistant layer on their outer surface. This aids in protection against loss of water, mechanical injury and invasion by parasitic fungi.

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Changes in pH which can accompany metabolic process such as respiration (aerobic glycolysis for example) can alter the conformation of an enzyme and hence enzyme activity such as salivarya mylase is effective in neutral condition, pepsin in acidic condition l.5 (less than pH 7) and trypsin in basic condition (more than pH 7).

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The ball and socket joint (or spheroidal joint) is a type of synovial joint in which the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone. One of its example is hip joint, in which a partially spherical end lies in a socket, allowing multidirectional movement and rotation.

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Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the action of pepsin. Pepsin is the active protein-digesting enzyme of the stomach. When pepsin acts on the protein molecule, it breaks the bonds that hold the protein molecule together, called peptide bonds. Once broken, peptide bonds yield chains of amino acids linked together called polypeptides that are further digested in the small intestine with the help of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase.

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The kidneys perform many crucial functions, including: maintaining overall fluid balance. regulating and filtering minerals from blood. filtering waste materials from food, medications, and toxic substances. The renal corpuscle of each kidney nephron has two parts – they are the Glomerulus, which is a network of small blood vessels called capillaries, and the Bowman’s Capsule (also known as the Glomerular Capsule), which is the double-walled epithelial cup within which the glomerulus is contained. A nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. They are the microscopic structure composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. The word nephron is derived from the Greek word – nephros, meaning kidney. There are about millions of nephrons in each human kidney.

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Heart rate is the speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (bpm). Conventionally, a normal adult has a heartbeat rate of 72 per minute. However, the heart rate can vary according to the body’s physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide.

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Virology is the branch of science that deals with the study of viruses. It focuses on the following aspects of viruses: their structure, classification and evolution, their ways to infect and exploit host cells for reproduction, their interaction with host organism physiology and immunity, the diseases they cause, and their use in research and therapy.