Biology MCQs

Notes:
Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Assimilation, and Egestion are the correct sequence of the steps involved in the process of the Human Digestive System.

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The liver is triangular in shape, the only visceral organ that can regenerate and the largest and internal organ of the human body.

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Lactase is the enzyme that breaks down lactose.

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The Corpus luteum secretes relaxin during pregnancy. The human corpus luteum secretes relaxin, oxytocin, and progesterone.

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Southern blotting is the transfer of DNA fragments from electrophoretic gel to a nitrocellulose sheet.

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Ligase enzymes help in the binding of DNA. An enzyme that can catalyze the joining (bonding) of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond is called a ligase.

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Proteases catalyse the breakdown of proteins into amino acids in the stomach and small intestine. Lipases catalyse the breakdown of fats and oils into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine. Amylase catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose in the mouth and small intestine.

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Glycolysis, part of cellular respiration, is a series of reactions that constitute the first phase of most carbohydrate catabolism, catabolism meaning the breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones. Glycolysis breaks down glucose and forms pyruvate with the production of two molecules of ATP. The entire process from conversion of glucose to pyruvate is anaerobic that is it does not take place in presence of oxygen.

Notes:
Taenia is a genus of tapeworm that includes some important parasites of livestock. Members of the genus are responsible for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. There are more than 100 species recorded. They are morphologically characterized by a ribbon-like body composed of a series of segments called proglottids with proximal mouth called scolex.

Notes:
Utricularia (also called bladderworts) is a genus of insectivorous plants. They occur in fresh water and wet soil as terrestrial or aquatic species. All Utri cularia are carnivorous and capture small organisms by means of bladder-like traps. Aquatic species feed on protozoa and rotifers swimming in water-saturated soil’ while terrestrial species feed on water fleas (Daphnia), nematodes and even fish fry, mosquito larvae and young tadpoles.