31. By which of the following do arteries form a network between veins?
[A] Capillaries
[B] Veins
[C] Arteries
[D] Valves
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Capillaries]
Notes:
Capillaries are small, tube-like vessels that form a network between arteries to veins.
32. The transfer of genetic traits from parents to their offspring, and these offspring receive all the genetic information from their parents is called__
[A] Inheritance
[B] Genetics
[C] Heredity
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Inheritance]
Notes:
The transfer of genetic traits from parents to their offspring, and these offspring receive all the genetic information from their parents is called Inheritance.
33. In incomplete dominance__.
[A] Phenotype of both alleles is expressed
[B] Phenotype of only one allele is expressed
[C] Phenotype of neither of the alleles are expressed
[D] Phenotype of both alleles is partially expressed
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Phenotype of both alleles is partially expressed]
Notes:
In incomplete dominance, the phenotype of both alleles is partially expressed.
34. Which legumes have a symbiotic relationship with two nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
[A] Crotalaria juncea
[B] Sesbania aculeata
[C] Sesbania rostrata
[D] Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Sesbania rostrata]
Notes:
Sesbania rostrata legumes have a symbiotic relationship with two nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
35. Blue-Green algae are __
[A] Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria
[B] Free-Living Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
[C] Loose Association of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
[D] Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria]
Notes:
Blue-Green algae are Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria. Liverworts, cycad roots, fern, and lichens are also some of the Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.
36. Biofortification is a ____:
[A] Method of plant breeding for disease resistance
[B] Method of developing resistance to insect pests
[C] Method of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value
[D] Strategy to combat unwanted nutrients in plants
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Method of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value]
Notes:
Biofortification is the breeding crops to increase their nutritional value. This can be done either through conventional selective breeding or genetic engineering. Biofortification differs from ordinary fortification because it focuses on making plant foods more nutritious as the plants are growing, rather than having nutrients added to the foods when they are being processed.
37. ____ being a higher category, is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters:
[A] Class
[B] Species
[C] Genus
[D] Order
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Order]
Notes:
Order is an assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters. The similar characters are less in number as compared to different genera included in a family. A class includes one or more orders.
38. Lungs are the primary organs of ____:
[A] Digestion
[B] Respiration
[C] Constipation
[D] Perspiration
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Respiration]
Notes:
The lungs are the primary organs of respiration in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails. Their function in the respiratory system is to extract oxygen from the atmosphere and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of gas exchange.
39. Chromosome designation of Turner sydrome is ____:
[A] 44A+XO
[B] 44A+XXX
[C] 44A+XXY
[D] 44A+XYY
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [44A+XO]
Notes:
Turner syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder characterized by partial or complete loss (monosomy) of one of the X chromosomes that affects females. Individuals with Turner syndrome have only 45 chromosomes, including just a single X chromosome. This monosomic has a chromosome complement of 44 autosomes and one X chromosome (44+XO). The abnormal condition probably originates from exceptional egg or sperm with no X chromosome.
40. In the context of trans-fats, which of the following statements is not correct?
[A] They have a shorter shelf-life than natural fats
[B] Their consumption increases LDL cholesterol and decreases HDL cholesterol
[C] WHO has called for their elimination by 2023
[D] They are produced from the industrial process of hydrogenation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [They have a shorter shelf-life than natural fats]
Notes:
Trans fat, also called trans-unsaturated fatty acids or trans fatty acids, is a type of unsaturated fat that occurs in small amounts in meat and milk fat. It became widely produced as an unintentional by product in the industrial processing. The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a comprehensive plan to eliminate industrially-produced artificial trans fats from the global food supply by 2023. Unlike other dietary fats, trans fat also called transfatty acids both raises your LDL (“bad”) cholesterol and lowers your HDL (“good”) cholesterol. A diet laden with trans fat increases your risk of heart disease, the leading killer of men and women.
