31. Which of the following is known as the “Father of Genetics”?
[A] Morgan
[B] Mendel
[C] Watson
[D] Bateson
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mendel]
Notes:
Mendel is known as the “Father of Genetics”.
32. Who proposed the modern synthetic theory of organic evolution?
[A] R.A. Fisher
[B] T. Dobzhansky
[C] Julian Huxley
[D] Ernst Mayr
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Julian Huxley]
Notes:
Julian Huxley proposed the modern synthetic theory of organic evolution.
33. Klenow fragment is derived from which of the following?
[A] DNA Ligase
[B] DNA Pol-I
[C] DNA Pol-II
[D] Reverse Transcriptase
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [DNA Pol-I]
Notes:
Klenow fragment is derived from DNA Pol-I. A Klenow fragment is a large protein fragment. It is enzymatically cleaved by the protease subtilisin to DNA polymerase from E. coli.
34. Approximately how many pairs are there in the human genome?
[A] 6 billion base pairs
[B] 5 billion base pairs
[C] 3 billion base pairs
[D] 4 billion base pairs
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [3 billion base pairs]
Notes:
Approximately 3 billion base pairs are there in the human genome. The complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans encoded as DNA within 23 chromosome pairs in the cell nucleus and a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria is called the human genome.
35. Wilting of plants occurs due to excessive ____:
[A] Respiration
[B] Glutation
[C] Absorption
[D] Transpiration
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Transpiration]
Notes:
Plant wilting occurs after excessive loss of water by transpiration and lesser absorption. i.e. rate of transpiration exceeds rate of water absorption. On a hot day, plants transpire heavily and cannot absorb water speedily to keep pace with transpiration loss, even when there is enough water.
36. Somatotropin is another name for _____:
[A] Growth hormone
[B] Digestive juice
[C] Tear gas
[D] Laughing gas
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Growth hormone]
Notes:
Growth hormone or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormone in its human form, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction and cell regeneration in humans and other animals. It is thus important in human development.
37. ___ is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants:
[A] Physiology
[B] Anatomy
[C] Phytomorphology
[D] Cytology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Phytomorphology]
Notes:
Plant morphology or phytomorphology is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, which is the study of the internal structure of plants, especially at the microscopic level. It is useful in the visual identification of plants.
38. Which one of the following substances is normally found in urine?
[A] White blood cells
[B] Red blood cells
[C] Blood proteins
[D] Creatinine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Creatinine]
Notes:
Creatinine is a chemical waste molecule that is generated during muscle metabolism. It is transported through the bloodstream to the kidneys. The kidneys filter out most of the creatinine and dispose it off in the urine. High levels of creatinine indicates of possible malfunction or failure of the kidneys. The presence of any type of blood cells as deducted by KFT (Kidney Functional Test) directly indicate the severe state of kidney functioning.
39. Which enzyme digests proteins in the stomach?
[A] Salivary amylase
[B] Trypsin
[C] Pepsin
[D] Pancreatic canal
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Pepsin]
Notes:
Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the action of pepsin. Pepsin is the active protein-digesting enzyme of the stomach. When pepsin acts on the protein molecule, it breaks the bonds that hold the protein molecule together, called peptide bonds. Once broken, peptide bonds yield chains of amino acids linked together called polypeptides that are further digested in the small intestine with the help of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase.
40. Who among the following is known as Father of Biology?
[A] Edward Jenner
[B] Darwin
[C] Aristotle
[D] Heckle
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Aristotle]
Notes:
Greek philosopher Aristotle is regarded as the Father of Biology. According to him, grouping of organisms had to be done on the basis of a number of characteristics and not just one. He is considered to be the first person to come up with a classification that still stands. His text ‘History of Animals’ is a landmark in the history of biology.