Biology MCQs

Notes:
The opening of the infundibulum into the body cavity is called the ostium.

Notes:
Cystic Fibrosis is an Autosomal recessive disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs, digestive system, and other organs in the body

Notes:
Biofertilizers include Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria are oxygenated photosynthetic bacteria. It is found widely in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments, and is capable of fixing much atmospheric nitrogen.

Notes:
An osteocyte, a star shaped cell, is the most commonly found cell in mature bone, and can live as long as the organism itself. Osteocytes are networked to each other via long cytoplasmic extensions that occupy tiny canals called canaliculi, which are used for exchange of nutrients and waste through gap junctions. The space that an osteocyte occupies is called a lacuna.

Notes:
A typical adult human stomach will secrete about 1.5 liters of gastric acid daily. The best-known component of gastric juice is hydrochloric acid, the secretory product of the parietal, or oxyntic cell. It is known that the capacity of the stomach to secrete HCl is almost linearly related to parietal cell numbers.

Notes:
The ball and socket joint (or spheroidal joint) is a type of synovial joint in which the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone. One of its example is hip joint, in which a partially spherical end lies in a socket, allowing multidirectional movement and rotation.

Notes:
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tui Malila. It was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.

Notes:
Animals adapted to life in air are called volant. Arboreal means living in or connected with trees. These animals such as monkeys, squirrel can live both on land and in trees. However, for protection purposes, they prefer to live in trees than on land.

Notes:
Hibernation is a state of inactivity and metabolic depression in endotherms. Hibernation refers to a season of heterothermy that is characterized by low body temperature, slow breathing and heart rate, and low metabolic rate. Often associated with cold temperatures, the purpose of hibernation is to conserve energy during a period when sufficient food is scarce and outside temperature is low.

Notes:
Evolutionary biologists classify tailbone as vestigial organs, or body parts that have become functionless due to evolution. It is perhaps the most commonly touted example in man of a “useless” evolutionary vestige. Also known as coccyx (because of its similarity to the shape of a cuckoo’s beak), tailbone is a vestigial tail left over from our tailed monkey- like ancestors.