31. Fat present below the skin surface in our body acts as a barrier against ____:
[A] Loss of heat from the body
[B] Loss of salt from the body
[C] Loss of essential body fluids
[D] Entry of harmful micro-organisms from the environment
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Loss of heat from the body]
Notes:
A layer of body fat acts as an insulator and traps heat. The subcutis is the deepest layer of skin. The subcutis, consisting of a network of collagen and fat cells, helps conserve the body’s heat and protects the body from injury by acting as a “shock absorber.
32. ___ is a scientific discipline concerned with the study of plant pollen, spores, and certain microscopic plank-tonci organisms, in both, living and fossil form:
[A] Palynology
[B] Paleobotany
[C] Dendrology
[D] Ethnobotany
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Palynology]
Notes:
Palynology is the scientific discipline concerned with the study of plant pollen, spores, and certain microscopic planktonic organisms, by this way diatom, in both living and fossil form. It is associated with the plant sciences as well as with the geologic sciences, notably those aspects dealing with stratigraphy, historical geology, study of organic microfossils (palynomorphs) extracted from ancient coals, paleontology and archaeology.
33. Which one of the following is an X-linked, recessive disorder caused by the deficiency of functional plasma clotting factor VIII (FVIII), which may be inherited or arise from spontaneous mutation?
[A] Venous Thrombosis
[B] Haemophilia A
[C] Multiple Myeloma
[D] Leukaemia
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Haemophilia A]
Notes:
Haemophilia A is an X-linked, recessive disorder caused by deficiency of functional plasma clotting factor VIII (FVIII), which may be inherited or arise from spontaneous mutation. Although it is passed down from parents to children, about 1/3 of cases are caused by a spontaneous mutation, a change in a gene.
34. The harmful substances produced by the microbes are known as ____:
[A] Toxins
[B] Hormones
[C] Pollutants
[D] Antibiotics
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Toxins]
Notes:
Toxins are substances created by plants and animals that are poisonous to humans. Most toxins that cause problems in humans are released by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae or protozoa. For example, cholera is due to a bacterial toxin so also tetanus.
35. Conglobate gland is a leaf like structure found in ____:
[A] Male Ascaris
[B] Male Cockroach
[C] Female Cockroach
[D] Female Ascaris
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Male Cockroach]
Notes:
Conglobate gland is a leaf like, median, unbranched gland of male cockroach. It lies below the ejaculatory duct and open into the genital pouch close to the male genital aperture.
36. Movement of hairs in Drosera is referred to as _____:
[A] Seismonastic
[B] Photonastic
[C] Thigmotropism
[D] Heliotropism
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Thigmotropism]
Notes:
Thigmonasty (thigmotropism) refers to plant movement in response to touch or physical contact without regard to the direction of the stimulus. Thigmonastic movements are exemplified by the closing of the insect-eating plant Venus’s flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) and the bending of the glandular hairs of sundew (Drosera sp.) as a result of contact with an insect.
37. Which one of the fol lowing animals is devoid of lateral line sense organ?
[A] Sea horse
[B] Catla
[C] Magur
[D] Labeo
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Sea horse]
Notes:
The lateral line is a system of sense organs found in aquatic vertebrates, chiefly fish. It is used to detect movement and vibration in the surrounding water. Sea Horses do not have such organ.
38. The shape of the outer part of the ear is like a ____:
[A] Funnel
[B] Plate
[C] Disc
[D] Drum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Funnel]
Notes:
The outer ear is shaped like a funnel, which helps it collect sound. Sound is initially collected by the outer ear, also called the auricle or pinna. This is the visible, fleshy part of the ear. Sound enters the outer ear and travels down the auditory canal to the eardrum.
39. Consider the following examples:
- Euglena
- Amoeba
- Paramecium
Which of these is/are examples of unicellular organism?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1 and 3
[C] Only 2 and 3
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
The ‘unicellular organisms’ are single-celled organisms, wherein various functions like feeding, locomotion, expelling wastes, reproduction, etc. are carried out by the single cell. Some examples include organisms such as amoeba, euglena, paramecium, bacteria, and cyanobacteria. Hence, all options are correct as they all represent examples of unicellular organisms.
40. Which of the following carry the blood from all parts of body back to the heart?
[A] White Blood Cells
[B] Veins
[C] Arteries
[D] Platelets
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Veins]
Notes:
A vein is an elastic blood vessel that transports blood from various regions of the body to the heart. Veins are components of the cardiovascular system, which circulates blood to provide nutrients to the cells of the body. Veins can be categorized into four main types: pulmonary, systemic, superficial, and deep veins.
