31. Consider the following:
- Birds
- Mammals
- Reptilia
The double circulatory heart is present in which of the above?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 and 2]
Notes:
A double circulatory system is present in birds and mammals where the blood passes through the heart twice for each complete circuit of the body. In reptiles, amphibians, and fishes, a single circulatory system is present where the blood passes through the heart once in each complete circuit of the body.
32. Which of the following bones listed is an example of a long bone?
[A] Ribs
[B] Ulna
[C] Phalanges
[D] Phalanges
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ulna]
Notes:
Ulna is located in the medial forearm when the arm is in the anatomical position.
33. Approximately how many liters of blood does the heart pump throughout the body in a day?
[A] 9.7 litres
[B] 7.7 litres
[C] 5.7 litres
[D] 3.7 litres
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [5.7 litres]
Notes:
The heart pumps about 5.7 liters of blood throughout the body in a day.
34. What are the most common diseases in cows?
[A] Bovine Viral Diarrhoea
[B] Brucellosis
[C] Foot and Mouth disease.
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea, Brucellosis and Foot and Mouth disease are the most common diseases in cows.
35. Which organ is affected by Japanese encephalitis?
[A] brain and spinal cord
[B] lungs
[C] liver and pancreas
[D] heart
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [brain and spinal cord]
Notes:
The Brain and spinal cord organs are affected by Japanese encephalitis. This is a viral infection caused by infected mosquitoes in Asia and the western Pacific.
36. Which of the following is an example of a loose association of nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
[A] Rhizobium
[B] Blue-Green algae
[C] Azotobacter
[D] Azospirillum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Azospirillum]
Notes:
Azospirillum is an example of a loose association of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Azotobacter is an example of Free-Living Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria. Rhizobium is an example of Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria. Blue-Green alga is an example of Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria.
37. Which of the following is used as a tool to insert genes into bacteria to stimulate the production of therapeutic proteins such as human insulin?
[A] Plasmid
[B] Nitrogenous base
[C] Bacteria
[D] RNA
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Plasmid]
Notes:
A plasmid is used as a tool to insert genes into bacteria to stimulate the production of therapeutic proteins such as human insulin.
38. Which of the following is divalent cations are usually used to make competent cells?
[A] Carbon
[B] Nitrogen
[C] Copper
[D] Calcium
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Calcium]
Notes:
Calcium is divalent cations that are usually used to make competent cells.
39. What causes the mottling of the dental enamel?
[A] High levels of chlorine in water
[B] High levels of nitrate in the water
[C] High levels of fluorides in the water
[D] High levels of calcium in the water
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [High levels of fluorides in the water]
Notes:
The mottling of dental enamel is an extremely common disorder, characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. It is also known as dental fluorosis. Common causes of fluorosis include: fluoridated drinking water (particularly during infancy), ingestion of fluoride toothpaste, use of fluoride tablets, and consumption of processed foods made with fluoridated water.
40. Which of the following is an anti oxidant?
[A] Vitamin-B
[B] Vitamin-C
[C] Vitamin-D
[D] Vitamin-K
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin-C]
Notes:
Vitamin B12 contains cobalt. Deficiency of Vitamin B12 causes pernicious anaemia and inflammation of tongue and mouth. Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Vitamin E are anti-oxidants.
