31. Melatonin is a hormone secreted by __
[A] Pituitary gland
[B] Gonads
[C] Pineal gland
[D] Adrenal glands
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Pineal gland]
Notes:
Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the Pineal gland. It is a peptide hormone.
32. Which of the following is a Congenital Disease?
[A] Kwashiorkor
[B] Sickle-cell anemia
[C] Goitre
[D] Rheumatoid Arthritis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Sickle-cell anemia]
Notes:
Sickle cell anemia is one of a group of hereditary disorders known as sickle cell diseases. It causes red blood cells to become misshapen and break down.
33. Klinefelter’s syndrome is an example of which of the following disorder?
[A] Mendelian Disorder
[B] Mitochondrial Inheritance
[C] Multifactorial Genetic Inheritance
[D] Chromosomal Disorder
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Chromosomal Disorder]
Notes:
Klinefelter’s syndrome is an example of Chromosomal Disorder in which a genetic condition that results when a boy is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome.
34. What is another important research area of biotechnology offers?
[A] optimum conditions for the catalyst
[B] pure form of catalyst
[C] an impure form of the catalyst
[D] purification of products
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [optimum conditions for the catalyst]
Notes:
Optimum conditions for the catalyst is another important research area of biotechnology offers.
35. What causes a delay in the ripening of tomatoes?
[A] virulent gene
[B] antisense PG
[C] antibiotic resistance gene
[D] mutation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [antisense PG]
Notes:
Polygalacturonase in tomato is expressed only during the ripening phase of fruit development. PG becomes abundant during ripening and plays a major role in cell wall degradation and fruit softening.
36. Which of the following structures are present in the throat to prevent the air passage from collapsing?
[A] Rings of cartilage
[B] Rings of muscle
[C] Rings of bone
[D] Rings of connective tissue
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Rings of cartilage]
Notes:
Rings of cartilage are present in the throat, specifically in the trachea or windpipe, to ensure that the air passage does not collapse. These semi-circular rings provide the necessary structural support to keep the airway open regardless of pressure changes that occur during breathing. This is very important for maintaining a clear, open path for air to flow into our lungs for respiration.
37. The main protein found in milk is ____:
[A] Globulin
[B] Globin
[C] Casein
[D] Albumin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Casein]
Notes:
The major proteins in milk are casein and whey. These two milk proteins are both excellent sources of all the essential amino acids, but they differ in one important aspect—whey is a fast-digesting protein and casein is a slow-digesting protein. As a food source, casein supplies amino acids, carbohydrates, and the two inorganic elements calcium and phosphorus.
38. In how many parts is the human brain divided?
[A] 2
[B] 3
[C] 4
[D] 5
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [3]
Notes:
The human brain is divided into three parts : The brainstem which has the pons, the midbrain, and the medulla oblongata. The cerebellum which forms the hindbrain along with the brainstem and is located below the cerebrum. The cerebrum which is the largest section of the brain, is divided into two hemispheres (the left and the right) each of which has four lobes: the frontal, the temporal, the parietal, and the occipital.
39. Which of the following animals has the longest life span?
[A] Dog
[B] Elephant
[C] Crocodile
[D] Tortoise
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Tortoise]
Notes:
Tortoises generally have lifespans comparable with those of human beings, and some individuals are known to have lived longer than 150 years. Because of this, they symbolize longevity in some cultures, such as China. The oldest tortoise ever recorded, and one of the oldest individual animals ever recorded, was Tui Malila. It was presented to the Tongan royal family by the British explorer Captain Cook shortly after its birth in 1777.
40. Lungs of a plant are
____:
[A] Roots
[B] Flowers
[C] Stems
[D] Leaves
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Leaves]
Notes:
Leaves are the lungs of plants. Much like the lungs of animals, leaves are the place of a plant’s respiration. It is from leaves that oxygen is emitted during the light hours of the day and carbonic acid gas diffuse in during day and released out at night through stomata.