31. Which of the following is not a characteristic of pneumonia in animals?
[A] Inflammation of lungs
[B] Accumulation of mucus in alveoli
[C] Fever
[D] Easy breathing
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Easy breathing]
Notes:
Inflammation of the lungs, accumulation of mucus in alveoli, and fever are characteristics of pneumonia in animals.
32. Which of the following is a Congenital Disease?
[A] Kwashiorkor
[B] Sickle-cell anemia
[C] Goitre
[D] Rheumatoid Arthritis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Sickle-cell anemia]
Notes:
Sickle cell anemia is one of a group of hereditary disorders known as sickle cell diseases. It causes red blood cells to become misshapen and break down.
33. Which of the following diseases are not caused by smog?
[A] Breathing problem
[B] Throat cancer
[C] Skin cancer
[D] Rickets
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Rickets]
Notes:
Rickets is the softening and weakening of bones in children, usually because of an extreme and prolonged vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the gastrointestinal tract.
34. Typhoid fever is caused by ____:
[A] Virus
[B] Bacteria
[C] Fungus
[D] Allergy
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Bacteria]
Notes:
Typhoid fever, also known as typhoid, is a common water borne worldwide bacterial disease, transmitted by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person, which contain the bacterium Salmonella Typhi.
35. What accumulates in the muscles after continuous strenuous physical exercise as a result of temporary anaerobic respiration that causes muscular fatigue?
[A] ATP
[B] Lactic acid
[C] Ethyl alcohol
[D] Carbon dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Lactic acid]
Notes:
Anaerobic reactions involve break down of glucose into pyruvic acid, which then reacts to produce lactic acid. As muscle metabolism shifts from aerobic to anaerobic ATP production, lactic acid begins to accumulate in muscles and to appear in the bloodstream. This leads to muscle fatigue with changing pH of muscle cells. C6H12O6 —> 2C3H6O3 + 2ATP
36. Who among the following gave Theory of Evolution?
[A] Darwin
[B] Mendel
[C] Hooke
[D] Rutherford
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Darwin]
Notes:
The Theory of Evolution was developed by Charles Darwin (1809-1882). It states that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual’s ability to compete, survive, and reproduce. The theory gained general scientific acceptance after Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859.
37. ____ is a straw coloured, viscous fluid constituting nearly 55 per cent of the blood:
[A] Plasma
[B] Formed Elements
[C] Blood Groups
[D] Coagulation of Blood
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Plasma]
Notes:
Plasma is a straw coloured, viscous fluid constituting nearly 55 per cent of the blood. 90-92 per cent of plasma is water and proteins contribute 6-8 per cent of it. Fibrinogen, globulins and albumins are the major proteins. Fibrinogens are needed for clotting or coagulation of blood; while, globulins primarily are involved in defense.
38. Water flows of f the wings of birds and insects due- to the presence of ____:
[A] Proteins
[B] Waxes
[C] Minerals
[D] Sugars
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Waxes]
Notes:
Insects and birds have the simplest surface waxes that serve to water proof feathers. The interlocking feather barbs and a special waxy coating create a shield that water runs off of. Besides, while a few components present in surface lipids can prevent growth of pathogens, the total surface with waxed layer certainly functions to prevent microbial entry into the organism.
39. Leukaemia or blood cancer is characterised by abnormal in crease of the ____:
[A] Blood plasma
[B] Blood platelets
[C] Red blood cells
[D] White blood cells
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [White blood cells]
Notes:
Leukaemia is a type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells called “blasts”. Damage to the bone marrow, by way of displacing the normal bone marrow cells with higher numbers of immature white blood cells, results in a lack of blood platelets, which are important in the blood clotting process. This means people with leukaemia may easily become bruised, bleed excessively, or develop pinprick bleeds (petechiae). White blood cells, which are involved in fighting pathogens, may be suppressed or dysfunctional. This could cause the patient’s immune system to be unable to fight off a simple infection or to start attacking other normal body cells.
40. Which of the following multiplies very slowly in comparison to others?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Fungi
[C] Virus
[D] Worms
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Worms]
Notes:
Viruses, bacteria and fungi multiply very quickly, while worms multiply very slowly in comparison. Taxonomically, all bacteria are closely related to each other than to viruses and vice versa.