31. What is an abnormal thickening of stratum Corneum called?
[A] Dandruff
[B] Callus
[C] Comedo
[D] Abrasion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Callus]
Notes:
An abnormal thickening of stratum Corneum called Callus. It develops from repeated friction, rubbing or irritation, and pressure on the skin.
32. What is the function of a tendon?
[A] To link bones to bones
[B] To link muscles to bones
[C] To link muscles to ligaments
[D] To bind the cells in compact bone closer together
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [To link muscles to bones]
Notes:
Tendons are strong and tough fibers. It connects muscles to bones. Muscles move bones by pulling on tendons. Tendons allow you to move the muscle to which it is attached. Tendons themselves do not stretch.
33. Which of the following is included in the axial skeleton?
[A] Skull
[B] Vertebral Column
[C] Ribs and Sternum
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Skeletal elements that are present along the longitudinal axis of the body. The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones, including the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
34. What is the process of regulating body fluids and their composition?
[A] Secretion
[B] Reabsorption
[C] Glomerular Filteration
[D] Osmoregulation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Osmoregulation]
Notes:
Osmoregulation is the process of regulating body fluids and their composition.
35. Which of the following diseases can be transmitted to humans during milking?
[A] foot and mouth disease
[B] smallpox
[C] Ranikhet
[D] Cowpox
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Cowpox]
Notes:
Cowpox diseases can be transmitted to humans during milking. Cowpox is an infectious disease caused by the cowpox virus.
36. What diseases are caused by Staphylococcus aureus?
[A] skin infections
[B] endocarditis
[C] osteomyelitis
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of these]
Notes:
Skin infections and sometimes pneumonia, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis diseases are caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It is a type of Gram-positive round-shaped bacteria.
37. Who proposed the modern synthetic theory of organic evolution?
[A] R.A. Fisher
[B] T. Dobzhansky
[C] Julian Huxley
[D] Ernst Mayr
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Julian Huxley]
Notes:
Julian Huxley proposed the modern synthetic theory of organic evolution.
38. The molecule which dissolves in water is called __
[A] hydrophilic molecule
[B] hydrophobic molecule
[C] soluble molecule
[D] insoluble molecule
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [hydrophilic molecule]
Notes:
A molecule whose interaction with water and other polar substances is more thermodynamically favorable than their interaction with oil or other hydrophobic solvents is called a hydrophilic molecule.
39. What is Blood?
[A] Muscular tissue
[B] Epithelial tissue
[C] Reproductive tissue
[D] Connective tissue
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Connective tissue]
Notes:
Blood is considered a connective tissue for two basic reasons:
(i) embryologically, it has the same origin (mesodermal) as do the other connective tissue types and
(ii) blood connects the body systems together bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other signaling molecules, and removing the wastes.
40. What accumulates in the muscles after continuous strenuous physical exercise as a result of temporary anaerobic respiration that causes muscular fatigue?
[A] ATP
[B] Lactic acid
[C] Ethyl alcohol
[D] Carbon dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Lactic acid]
Notes:
Anaerobic reactions involve break down of glucose into pyruvic acid, which then reacts to produce lactic acid. As muscle metabolism shifts from aerobic to anaerobic ATP production, lactic acid begins to accumulate in muscles and to appear in the bloodstream. This leads to muscle fatigue with changing pH of muscle cells. C6H12O6 —> 2C3H6O3 + 2ATP
