Biology MCQs

Notes:
Mendel is known as the “Father of Genetics”.

Notes:
Julian Huxley proposed the modern synthetic theory of organic evolution.

Notes:
Klenow fragment is derived from DNA Pol-I. A Klenow fragment is a large protein fragment. It is enzymatically cleaved by the protease subtilisin to DNA polymerase from E. coli.

Notes:
Approximately 3 billion base pairs are there in the human genome. The complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans encoded as DNA within 23 chromosome pairs in the cell nucleus and a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria is called the human genome.

Notes:
Plant wilting occurs after excessive loss of water by transpiration and lesser absorption. i.e. rate of transpiration exceeds rate of water absorption. On a hot day, plants transpire heavily and cannot absorb water speedily to keep pace with transpiration loss, even when there is enough water.

Notes:
Growth hormone or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormone in its human form, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction and cell regeneration in humans and other animals. It is thus important in human development.

Notes:
Plant morphology or phytomorphology is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, which is the study of the internal structure of plants, especially at the microscopic level. It is useful in the visual identification of plants.

Notes:
Creatinine is a chemical waste molecule that is generated during muscle metabolism. It is transported through the bloodstream to the kidneys. The kidneys filter out most of the creatinine and dispose it off in the urine. High levels of creatinine indicates of possible malfunction or failure of the kidneys. The presence of any type of blood cells as deducted by KFT (Kidney Functional Test) directly indicate the severe state of kidney functioning.

Notes:
Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the action of pepsin. Pepsin is the active protein-digesting enzyme of the stomach. When pepsin acts on the protein molecule, it breaks the bonds that hold the protein molecule together, called peptide bonds. Once broken, peptide bonds yield chains of amino acids linked together called polypeptides that are further digested in the small intestine with the help of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase.

Notes:
Greek philosopher Aristotle is regarded as the Father of Biology. According to him, grouping of organisms had to be done on the basis of a number of characteristics and not just one. He is considered to be the first person to come up with a classification that still stands. His text ‘History of Animals’ is a landmark in the history of biology.