Biology MCQs
31. A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base is called __
[A] RNA
[B] Nitrogenous base
[C] Bacteria
[D] Plasmid
[B] Nitrogenous base
[C] Bacteria
[D] Plasmid
Correct Answer: B [Nitrogenous base]
Notes:
A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base is called a Nitrogenous base. Nucleic acids are composed of a combination of 5 nitrogenous bases:
1. Guanine and adenine are double-ringed purine molecules.
2. Cytosine, thymine, and uracil are single-ringed pyrimidine molecules.
A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base is called a Nitrogenous base. Nucleic acids are composed of a combination of 5 nitrogenous bases:
1. Guanine and adenine are double-ringed purine molecules.
2. Cytosine, thymine, and uracil are single-ringed pyrimidine molecules.
32. The Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine (popularly called BCG vaccine) is a vaccine to prevent which of these diseases?
[A] Polio
[B] Jaundice
[C] Tuberculosis
[D] Typhoid
[B] Jaundice
[C] Tuberculosis
[D] Typhoid
Correct Answer: C [Tuberculosis]
Notes:
The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is used to prevent tuberculosis (TB). The BCG vaccine is named after Dr Albert Calmette and Dr Camille Guerin, who developed the vaccine from a germ called Mycobacterium bovis, which is similar to TB. BCG is a live vaccine that has been processed so that it is not harmful to humans. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria that affects the lungs, and sometimes other parts of the body.
The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is used to prevent tuberculosis (TB). The BCG vaccine is named after Dr Albert Calmette and Dr Camille Guerin, who developed the vaccine from a germ called Mycobacterium bovis, which is similar to TB. BCG is a live vaccine that has been processed so that it is not harmful to humans. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria that affects the lungs, and sometimes other parts of the body.
33. What is the normal blood pressure in human beings?
[A] 120/90
[B] 120/80
[C] 140/90
[D] 140/100
[B] 120/80
[C] 140/90
[D] 140/100
Correct Answer: B [120/80]
Notes:
According to the American Heart Association (AHA), normal blood pressure is a systolic pressure of less than 120 millimeter of mercury (mm Hg) and a diastolic pressure of less than 80 mm Hg, or 120/80 mm Hg. Having a blood pressure greater than 140/ 90 mm Hg is considered high blood pressure or hypertension.
According to the American Heart Association (AHA), normal blood pressure is a systolic pressure of less than 120 millimeter of mercury (mm Hg) and a diastolic pressure of less than 80 mm Hg, or 120/80 mm Hg. Having a blood pressure greater than 140/ 90 mm Hg is considered high blood pressure or hypertension.
34. Which of the following increases the rate of heart beat?
[A] Peripheral nerves
[B] Parasympathetic nerves
[C] Sympathetic nerves
[D] Cranial nerves
[B] Parasympathetic nerves
[C] Sympathetic nerves
[D] Cranial nerves
Correct Answer: C [Sympathetic nerves]
Notes:
Heart rate is controlled by the two branches of the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) releases the hormones (catecholamine – epinephrine) to accelerate the heart rate. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) releases the hormone acetylcholine to slow the heart rate.
Heart rate is controlled by the two branches of the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) releases the hormones (catecholamine – epinephrine) to accelerate the heart rate. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) releases the hormone acetylcholine to slow the heart rate.
35. Where does the cabbage store food?
[A] Leaves
[B] Root
[C] Stem
[D] Fruit
[B] Root
[C] Stem
[D] Fruit
Correct Answer: A [Leaves]
Notes:
Cabbages have no need to store food as they are seasonal plants and die after about 4 to 6 months. They do however produce food in the leaves of the plants and would utilize short-term storage (in the leaves) for simple metabolic processes.
Cabbages have no need to store food as they are seasonal plants and die after about 4 to 6 months. They do however produce food in the leaves of the plants and would utilize short-term storage (in the leaves) for simple metabolic processes.
36. Normal fasting blood sugar level per 100 ml. of blood in man is _____:
[A] 30 – 50 mg
[B] 50 – 70 mg
[C] 80 -100 mg
[D] 120 -140 mg
[B] 50 – 70 mg
[C] 80 -100 mg
[D] 120 -140 mg
Correct Answer: C [80 -100 mg]
Notes:
The blood sugar concentration or blood glucose level is the amount of glucose (sugar) present in the blood of a human or animal. The body naturally tightly regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis. The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 m mol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/decilitre); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day.
The blood sugar concentration or blood glucose level is the amount of glucose (sugar) present in the blood of a human or animal. The body naturally tightly regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis. The mean normal blood glucose level in humans is about 4 mM (4 m mol/L or 72 mg/dL, i.e. milligrams/decilitre); however, this level fluctuates throughout the day.
37. What are Lipids?
[A] Lipids are monosaccharides
[B] Lipids do not provide energy to cells
[C] Fruits are a good source of lipids
[D] Cholesterol and trans fatty acids are types of Lipids
[B] Lipids do not provide energy to cells
[C] Fruits are a good source of lipids
[D] Cholesterol and trans fatty acids are types of Lipids
Correct Answer: D [Cholesterol and trans fatty acids are types of Lipids]
Notes:
Lipids are a group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others. They encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri-, di-, monoglycerides, and phospholipids), as well as other sterolcontaining metabolites such as cholesterol.
Lipids are a group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others. They encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their derivatives (including tri-, di-, monoglycerides, and phospholipids), as well as other sterolcontaining metabolites such as cholesterol.
38.
Why fats are known as concentrated source of energy?
Why fats are known as concentrated source of energy?
[A] They are measured in calories
[B] They are extremely energy densed
[C] They have a shorter shelflife than natural fats
[D] Their consumption increases LDL cholesterol and decreases HDL cholesterol
[B] They are extremely energy densed
[C] They have a shorter shelflife than natural fats
[D] Their consumption increases LDL cholesterol and decreases HDL cholesterol
Correct Answer: B [They are extremely energy densed]
Notes:
Animal and vegetable fats serve as a concentrated energy source and are the highest energy sources in feedstuffs. Dietary fats and oils are a concentrated source of energy when compared to carbohydrate and protein, having over twice the amount of calories per gram. Fats contain 2.25 times the calories per gram than protein or carbohydrates. Fats contain 9 calories/gm while protein and carbohydrates contain 4 calories per gram.
Animal and vegetable fats serve as a concentrated energy source and are the highest energy sources in feedstuffs. Dietary fats and oils are a concentrated source of energy when compared to carbohydrate and protein, having over twice the amount of calories per gram. Fats contain 2.25 times the calories per gram than protein or carbohydrates. Fats contain 9 calories/gm while protein and carbohydrates contain 4 calories per gram.
39. How many canine teeth does an adult human have?
[A] 8
[B] 4
[C] 3
[D] 2
[B] 4
[C] 3
[D] 2
Correct Answer: B [4]
Notes:
A normal adult mouth has 32 teeth, which (except for wisdom teeth) have erupted by about age 13. The canines are situated at the ‘corners’ of the dental arches. They have a sharp, pointed biting surface. Their function is to grip and tear food. There are four canine teeth in both primary and permanent dentitions.
A normal adult mouth has 32 teeth, which (except for wisdom teeth) have erupted by about age 13. The canines are situated at the ‘corners’ of the dental arches. They have a sharp, pointed biting surface. Their function is to grip and tear food. There are four canine teeth in both primary and permanent dentitions.
40. Fat soluble vitamins are ____:
[A] Tocopherol, Niacin, Cyanocobalamin
[B] Calciferol, Carotene, Tocopherol
[C] Ascorbic acid, Calciferol, Riboflavin
[D] Thiamine, Carotene, Biotin
[B] Calciferol, Carotene, Tocopherol
[C] Ascorbic acid, Calciferol, Riboflavin
[D] Thiamine, Carotene, Biotin
Correct Answer: B [Calciferol, Carotene, Tocopherol]
Notes:
Calciferol (Vitamin D); Tocopherols and tocotrienols (Vitamin E); Phylloquinone, menaquinones (Vitamin K); and Retinol, retinal, and four carotenoids including beta carotene (Vitamin A) are all fat soluble vitamins. Out of total of 64 codons are nonsense codon. They do not code for any amina acid.
Calciferol (Vitamin D); Tocopherols and tocotrienols (Vitamin E); Phylloquinone, menaquinones (Vitamin K); and Retinol, retinal, and four carotenoids including beta carotene (Vitamin A) are all fat soluble vitamins. Out of total of 64 codons are nonsense codon. They do not code for any amina acid.
