31. Which of the following are examples of skin, body hair, cilia, eyelashes, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract?
[A] Physical barrier
[B] Cellular barriers
[C] Cytokine barriers
[D] Physiological barriers
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Physical barrier]
Notes:
Physical barriers are examples of skin, body hair, cilia, eyelashes, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract.
32. Why is excretion a vital process in the human body?
- It helps to remove waste products from the body.
- It helps in maintaining the body’s internal environment by regulating chemical composition.
- It aids in the synthesis of crucial biomolecules.
- It generates energy by breaking down food substances.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1, 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 & 2]
Notes:
Excretion is a vital process as it removes waste products from the body and helps in maintaining the body’s internal environment by regulating the chemical composition of blood and other bodily fluids. It does not aid in the synthesis of crucial biomolecules or generate energy by breaking down food substances, which are processes associated with metabolism and digestion, respectively.
33. A series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract called __
[A] Abduction movement
[B] Peristaltic movement
[C] Adduction movement
[D] Protraction movement
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Peristaltic movement]
Notes:
A series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract is called Peristaltic movement.
34. What is the enzyme that breaks down lactose?
[A] Lipase enzymes
[B] Pepsin
[C] Amylase
[D] Lactase
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Lactase]
Notes:
Lactase is the enzyme that breaks down lactose.
35. What is the function of glucagon?
[A] Affects RBC production
[B] Increases heart rate
[C] Lowers blood sugar levels
[D] Raises blood sugar levels
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Raises blood sugar levels]
Notes:
Raises blood sugar levels is the function of glucagon.
36. Which of the following is an accessory reproductive gland in male mammals?
[A] Inguinal gland
[B] Prostate gland
[C] Mushroom-shaped gland
[D] Gastric gland
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Prostate gland]
Notes:
The prostate gland is an accessory reproductive gland in male mammals. It is located just below the bladder in men.
37. The outermost layer of the ovary is made up of ___.
[A] simple cuboidal cells
[B] stereocilia
[C] stroma
[D] cilia
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [simple cuboidal cells]
Notes:
Ovarian or germinal epithelium is the outermost layer of the ovary composed of simple cuboidal cells. It is actually a modified visceral peritoneum.
38. Which of the following is the earliest geological period?
[A] Cambrian
[B] Permian
[C] Jurassic
[D] Quaternary
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Cambrian]
Notes:
Cambrian is the earliest geological period. The Cambrian period was the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era and the Phanerozoic Eon.
39. Blue-Green algae are __
[A] Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria
[B] Free-Living Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
[C] Loose Association of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
[D] Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria]
Notes:
Blue-Green algae are Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacteria. Liverworts, cycad roots, fern, and lichens are also some of the Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.
40. Hydrochloric acid is secreted by the cells lining the
____:
[A] Stomach
[B] Ileum
[C] Oral cavity
[D] Colon
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Stomach]
Notes:
The chief cells of the stomach secrete enzymes for protein breakdown (inactive pepsinogen and rennin). Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen into the enzyme pepsin, which then helps digestion by breaking the bonds linking amino acids, a process known as proteolysis.
