31. Tetanus is caused by which of the following causative agent?
[A] Vibrio cholerae
[B] Corynebacterium diptheriae
[C] Treponema pallidum
[D] Clostridium tetani
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Clostridium tetani]
Notes:
Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria. This is a serious disease of the nervous system.
32. The tendency of an offspring to resemble its parent is known as ___
[A] Variation
[B] Heredity
[C] Resemblance
[D] Inheritance
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Heredity]
Notes:
The genetic heritage passed down by our biological parents is known as Heredity.
33. Bioethanol is denatured alcohol that is also called __
[A] Ethylene
[B] Methylated spirit
[C] Ethylene glycol
[D] Methylene
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Methylated spirit]
Notes:
Bioethanol is denatured alcohol that is also called Methylated spirit. It is a liquid made from alcohol and other chemicals.
34. Bacteria protect themselves from viruses by fragmenting viral DNA?
[A] Ligase
[B] Endonuclease
[C] Exonuclease
[D] Gyrase
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Exonuclease]
Notes:
Bacteria protect themselves from viruses by fragmenting viral DNA with Exonuclease. Enzymes that work by cleaving one nucleotide at a time from the end (Exo) of the polynucleotide chain are called exonucleases.
35. Which of the following is the first GM crop in India?
[A] mustard
[B] brinjal
[C] potato
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [brinjal]
Notes:
Brinjal is the first GM crop in India. Genetically modified crops are plants used in agriculture and the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering methods.
36. Which metal microparticles are used in gene guns?
[A] Aurum
[B] Nitrogen
[C] Magnesium
[D] Cuprum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Aurum]
Notes:
The gene gun technique uses gold-coated microparticles along with the DNA. Aurum is a Latin word for gold. The other metal used for this technique is tungsten.
37. Which of the following diseases are not caused by smog?
[A] Breathing problem
[B] Throat cancer
[C] Skin cancer
[D] Rickets
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Rickets]
Notes:
Rickets is the softening and weakening of bones in children, usually because of an extreme and prolonged vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the gastrointestinal tract.
38. What accumulates in the muscles after continuous strenuous physical exercise as a result of temporary anaerobic respiration that causes muscular fatigue?
[A] ATP
[B] Lactic acid
[C] Ethyl alcohol
[D] Carbon dioxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Lactic acid]
Notes:
Anaerobic reactions involve break down of glucose into pyruvic acid, which then reacts to produce lactic acid. As muscle metabolism shifts from aerobic to anaerobic ATP production, lactic acid begins to accumulate in muscles and to appear in the bloodstream. This leads to muscle fatigue with changing pH of muscle cells. C6H12O6 —> 2C3H6O3 + 2ATP
39. Just born baby has the respiratory rate as ____:
[A] 15 times/minute
[B] 18 times/minute
[C] 26 times/minute
[D] 32 times/minute
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [15 times/minute]
Notes:
New born babies and children normally breathe faster than older children and adults. Their respiratory rate is about 30-60 breaths per minute. The respiratory rate for the different age-categories of children is:-6-12 months: 24-30; 1-5 years: 20-30; 6-12 years: 12-20.
40. The ‘DPT vaccine’ is given to young babies to protect them from ____:
[A] Diphtheria, Polio and Tetanus
[B] Diphtheria, Pneumonia and Tuberculosis
[C] Diphtheria, Smallpox and Tetanus
[D] Diphtheria, Whooping cough and Tetanus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Diphtheria, Whooping cough and Tetanus]
Notes:
DPT refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, and killed whole cells of the organism that causes pertussis.
