31. What type of muscle is primarily found in your digestive tract?
[A] Rectus abdominus
[B] Cardiac Muscle
[C] Smooth Muscle
[D] Gastric Muscle
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Smooth Muscle]
Notes:
Smooth muscle, unlike skeletal muscle, is not under voluntary control and is found in walls of most organs and structures that contain muscle such as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, bronchi, uterus, urethra, and blood vessels. This muscle type’s responsibility is the contraction and relaxation necessary for the grinding and churning in the digestion process.
32. In patients with hemophilia, which of these can increase the risk of cerebral microbleeds?
[A] cardiovascular risk factors
[B] increased age
[C] Hepatitis C infection
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
In patients with hemophilia, cardiovascular risk factors, age, and hepatitis C infection may increase the risk of cerebral microbleeds.
33. Which of the following is totally impossible outcome of Mendel’s Experiment?
[A] 3 tall 1 short plant
[B] 24 tall and 8 short plants
[C] 8 tall and 0 short plants
[D] 4 tall plants and 1 medium height plant
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [4 tall plants and 1 medium height plant]
Notes:
4 tall plants and 1 medium height plant is totally impossible outcome of Mendel’s Experiment. Gregor Mendel discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance through his work on pea plants. They concluded that genes come in pairs and are inherited as separate units, one from each parent.
34. Which of the following is called Mendel’s first law of inheritance?
[A] Law of Dominance
[B] Law of Segregation
[C] Law of Independent Assortment
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Law of Dominance]
Notes:
The law of dominance is also called Mendel’s first law of inheritance. According to this, the hybrid offspring will only inherit the dominant trait in the phenotype.
35. ____ being a higher category, is the assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters:
[A] Class
[B] Species
[C] Genus
[D] Order
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Order]
Notes:
Order is an assemblage of families which exhibit a few similar characters. The similar characters are less in number as compared to different genera included in a family. A class includes one or more orders.
36. A cross between homozygous recessive and heterozygous plant is
____:
[A] Back cross
[B] Test cross
[C] Monohybrid cross
[D] Dihybrid cross
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Test cross]
Notes:
A cross between a homozygous plant with recessive traits and a heterozygous plant is known as a test cross. A test cross is a valuable tool in predicting the genotype of the organism in question. In its simplest form, a test cross is an experimental cross of an individual organism of dominant phenotype but unknown genotype and an organism with a homozygous recessive genotype (and phenotype). Test cross is done to determine the genotype of an F2 generation plant, showing dominant characteristics. In the test cross, an F2 plant that shows the dominant trait is crossed with the homozygous recessive.
37. Which one of the following elements is associated with teeth disorder?
[A] Chlorine
[B] Bromine
[C] Iodine
[D] Fluorine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Fluorine]
Notes:
Fluorine is the element that is associated with teeth disorder because the presence of sodium fluoride in drinking water at the level of 2ppm may cause mottled enamel in teeth, skeletal fluorosis, and may be associated with cancer and other diseases. However, topically applied fluoride (toothpaste, dental rinses) has been shown to help reduce dental caries.
38. Which of the following is/are agent(s) of infection?
[A] Physical contact
[B] Water
[C] Vectors
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above ]
Notes:
Infection is the invasion of an organism’s body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. Infectious diseases can be spread from one person to another, for example through contact with bodily fluids, by aerosols (through coughing and sneezing), or via a vector, for example a mosquito.
39. Tendons and ligaments are
____:
[A] Connective tissue
[B] Muscular tissue
[C] Epithelial tissue
[D] Skeletal tissue
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Connective tissue]
Notes:
A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue which attaches muscle to bone. A ligament is a fibrous connective tissue which attaches bone to bone, and usually serves to hold structures together and keep them stable.
40. Where does internal fertilization typically occur?
[A] Inside the female body
[B] Outside the female body
[C] Inside the male body
[D] Outside the male body
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Inside the female body]
Notes:
Internal fertilization is a mode of reproduction wherein the fusion of male and female gametes (sperm and egg) occurs inside the female body. It’s a common method in terrestrial animals due to the higher survival rate of fertilized eggs within a protected internal environment. Contrastingly, external fertilization takes place outside the female body, often in aquatic environments.
