Biology MCQs

Notes:
The major functions of the kidney are:
1. Maintains the pH of the body
2. Reabsorption of nutrients
3. Controls blood pressure
4. Excretion of waste from the body
5. Removal of excess fluid from the body
6. Secreted hormones that help in red blood cell production, acid regulation, etc.
Note: Transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues is a function of blood.

Notes:
The pituitary gland stimulates the adrenal gland to secrete cortisol. Cortisol is a steroid hormone.

Notes:
Anaplasmosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, tularemia, tick-borne relapsing fever are diseases caused by ticks. Ticks are small, blood-sucking bugs.

Notes:
Cooperation is a property that is not exhibited by pathogens. Whereas The invasion of a pathogen is the ability of a host to gain entry and multiply. A virus is the ability of a pathogen to cause disease. Toxicity is the power of a pathogen to form toxins capable of harming host cells.

Notes:
Sugar cane is an example of starch crops biomass feedstocks. Biomass feedstocks include forest product waste, agricultural residues, organic fractions of municipal solid waste, paper, cardboard, plastics, food waste, green waste, and other wastes.

Notes:
Land snails, insects, birds, and some reptiles excrete uric acid as the major nitrogenous waste. The white, crystalline substance seen in a typical bird or lizard “poop” is actually urine: a little pool of uric acid crystals in a very small amount of water.

Notes:
There are some plants with weak stems that cannot stand upright and spread on the ground. These are called creepers, while those that take support on neighbouring structures and climb up are called climbers. Money plant, gourd plant, etc are examples of climbers.

Notes:
Turmeric, (Curcuma longa) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) that is tuberous rhizomeor underground stem. The turmeric plant is identifiable by both its characteristic tuberous root and the leaves that extend upward from erect, thick stems arising from the root. Turmeric root is actually a fleshy oblong tuber that is tapered at each end.

Notes:
Sponges are sedantric, diploblastic, asymmetrical animals, once considered plants. They are characterized by the water canal system with pores called the ostia and osculum. They are also known to posses the multipurpose cells called chanocytes.

Notes:
Toxins are substances created by plants and animals that are poisonous to humans. Most toxins that cause problems in humans are released by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae or protozoa. For example, cholera is due to a bacterial toxin so also tetanus.