Biology MCQs

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The genes for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants are located in the Mitochondrial genome.

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ELISA stands for enzyme-linked immunoassay. This is a commonly used laboratory test to detect antibodies in the blood. An antibody is a protein produced by the body’s immune system when it detects harmful substances, called antigens.

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A heart attack occurs when blood flow to a part of your heart is blocked for a long enough time that part of the heart muscle is damaged or dies. The medical term for this is myocardial infarction. Most heart attacks are caused by a blood clot that blocks one of the coronary arteries. The coronary arteries bring blood and oxygen to the heart. If the blood flow is blocked, the heart is starved of oxygen and heart cells die.

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Penicillin the so called ‘Wonder drug’ discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1927 is produced from the genus of fungi “Penicillia”. All penicillin are â-lactam antibiotics and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Grampositive organisms.

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Pesticides are substances or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest. Pesticides are a special kind of products for crop protection. A pesticide is generally a chemical or biological agent (such as a virus, bacterium, antimicrobial or disinfectant) that through its effect deters, incapacitates, kills or otherwise discourages pests. Target pests can include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, molluscs, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microbes that destroy property, cause nuisance, spread disease or are vectors for disease.

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There are some plants with weak stems that cannot stand upright and spread on the ground. These are called creepers, while those that take support on neighbouring structures and climb up are called climbers. Money plant, gourd plant, etc are examples of climbers.

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Goitre: swelling of the neck or larynx resulting from enlargement of the thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency; Anemia: Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia — a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body’s tissues. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron; Rickets: defective mineralization of bones due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D; Scurvy: a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C.

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Blood clotting occurs at the point of injury to control bleeding from blood vessels. The coagulation of the blood is initiated by the blood platelets. They normally start the clotting process when they’re exposed to the air, such as in a cut or wound. Calcium ions are required for the promotion or acceleration of blood clotting pathways. With the help of vitamin K and calcium, fibrinogen (a protein that reacts with platelets) forms a mesh of tiny threads that collects red blood cells, which plug the open blood vessels as it dries. This is a clot.

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Pernicious malaria is always caused by Plasmodium falciparum and characterized by severe malarial paroxysms that recur about every 48 hours and often by acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations. It is also called malignant tertian malaria.

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A plant’s life span begins with its germination and continues still it bears a fruit and eventually dies off. All this happens in a season or two or more. Hence, plants are classified into three types based on life cycle they have, namely : Annuals, Biennials, Perennials.