31. How many approaches are there in order to clone the complete genome?
[A] 1
[B] 2
[C] 3
[D] 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [2]
Notes:
There are basically two approaches to cloning the entire genome. In the first approach, systematic cloning is performed and the second approach is based on randomly cloning overlapping fragments.
32. Which of the following is an enzyme that cleaves proteins?
[A] protease
[B] RNase
[C] lipase
[D] Dnase
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [protease]
Notes:
Protease is an enzyme that cleaves proteins. These enzymes are made by animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria.
33. _____ is the study of the microanatomy of cells, tissues and organs as seen through a microscope:
[A] Entomology
[B] Paleontology
[C] Histology
[D] Lchthyology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Histology]
Notes:
Histology is the study of the micro anatomy of cells, tissues, and organs as seen through a microscope. It examines the correlation between structure and fun-ction.Histology is the micro-scopic counterpart to gross anatomy which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.
34. The type of tail found in Shark is ____:
[A] Heterocercal
[B] Homocercal
[C] Protocercal
[D] Diphycercal
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Heterocercal]
Notes:
Sharks possess a heterocercal caudal fin in which the dorsal portion is usually noticeably larger than the ventral portion. This is because the shark’s vertebral column extends into the dorsal portion, providing a greater surface area for muscle attachment.
35. Leukaemia or blood cancer is characterised by abnormal in crease of the ____:
[A] Blood plasma
[B] Blood platelets
[C] Red blood cells
[D] White blood cells
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [White blood cells]
Notes:
Leukaemia is a type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells called “blasts”. Damage to the bone marrow, by way of displacing the normal bone marrow cells with higher numbers of immature white blood cells, results in a lack of blood platelets, which are important in the blood clotting process. This means people with leukaemia may easily become bruised, bleed excessively, or develop pinprick bleeds (petechiae). White blood cells, which are involved in fighting pathogens, may be suppressed or dysfunctional. This could cause the patient’s immune system to be unable to fight off a simple infection or to start attacking other normal body cells.
36. What is the average life of Red Blood Cells in human body?
[A] Around 120 days
[B] Around 200 days
[C] Around 400 days
[D] Equivalent to human’s life
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Around 120 days]
Notes:
Red blood cells, also called erythrocytes, are the most abundant cell type in the blood. The primary function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen to body cells and deliver carbon dioxide to the lungs. Red blood cells are derived from stem cells in red bone marrow. These cells have a life-span of about 120 days.
37. DPT vaccine is categorized as which of the following?
[A] Anti viral vaccine
[B] Anti protozoan vaccine
[C] Anti ricket-sial vaccine
[D] A combined vaccine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [A combined vaccine]
Notes:
DPT refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and killed whole cells of the organism that cause pertussis (wP).
38. Normally how many times the human heart beats in a minute?
[A] 72
[B] 75
[C] 82
[D] 85
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [72]
Notes:
Heart rate is the speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (bpm). Conventionally, a normal adult has a heartbeat rate of 72 per minute. However, the heart rate can vary according to the body’s physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide.
39. Which is the most abundant Vitamin found in carrot?
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin C
[D] Vitamin D
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Vitamin A]
Notes:
Vitamin A is a fat soluble vitamin that plays a critical role in maintaining healthy vision, neurological function. Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, which is converted to Vitamin A in the body. Carrots are a good source of several other vitamins and minerals, especially biotin, vitamin K (phylloquinone), potassium and Vitamin B6.
40. Olfactory receptors are located in our ____:
[A] Nose
[B] Tongue
[C] Ears
[D] Eyes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Nose]
Notes:
Olfactory receptor, also called smell receptor, are present in the nose. It is a protein capable of binding odour molecules that plays a central role in the sense of smell (olfaction). It is responsible for the detection of odorants which give rise to the sense of smell. Activated olfactory receptors trigger nerve impulses which transmit information about odour to the brain.