31. Consider the following functions of the stomach:
- Temporarily store food
- Contract and relax to mix and break down food
- Produce enzymes and other specialized cells to digest food
Which of the above statements is / are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] Only 1 and 3
[D] 1, 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 and 3]
Notes:The functions of the stomach are:
- It temporarily stores food
- It contracts and relaxes to mix and break down food
- It produces enzymes and other specialized cells to digest food
Thus, all the given statements are correct.
32. Which of the following gland of the body produces antibodies?
[A] Thymus gland
[B] Thyroid gland
[C] Pineal gland
[D] Adrenal gland
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Thymus gland]
Notes:
The thymus gland secretes thymosin, which matures lymphocytes into T-lymphocytes which produces antibodies and thereby increases immunity.
33. Which gland stimulates the adrenal gland to secrete cortisol?
[A] Pituitary gland
[B] Thyroid gland
[C] Parathyroid glands
[D] Adrenal glands
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Pituitary gland]
Notes:
The pituitary gland stimulates the adrenal gland to secrete cortisol. Cortisol is a steroid hormone.
34. Initiates and maintains milk production in breasts:
[A] Prolactin
[B] Renin and angiotensin
[C] Oxytocin
[D] Erythropoietin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Prolactin]
Notes:
Prolactin initiates and maintains milk production in breasts. Prolactin secretes by the Pituitary gland.
35. Which of the following is not a Degenerative disease?
[A] Hypertension
[B] Atherosclerosis
[C] Obesity
[D] Alzheimer’s disease
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Obesity]
Notes:
Obesity is not a Degenerative disease. Degenerative diseases are those diseases, which occur due to aging and result in malfunction or deficiency.
36. What is Southern blotting?
[A] Attachment of probes to DNA fragments
[B] Transfer of DNA fragments from electrophoretic gel to a nitrocellulose sheet
[C] Comparison of DNA fragments to two sources
[D] Transfer of DNA fragments to electrophoretic gel from cellulose membrane
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Transfer of DNA fragments from electrophoretic gel to a nitrocellulose sheet]
Notes:
Southern blotting is the transfer of DNA fragments from electrophoretic gel to a nitrocellulose sheet.
37. Which of the following is NOT a function of restriction enzymes?
[A] Cleaving DNA at specific sites
[B] Generating fragmentation patterns of DNA
[C] Creating recombinant DNA
[D] Synthesizing new DNA strands
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Synthesizing new DNA strands]
Notes:
Restriction enzymes, also known as restriction endonucleases, are proteins that act like molecular scissors, capable of cutting DNA molecules at specific locations. They are used for generating fragmentation patterns of DNA and creating recombinant DNA. However, the actual synthesis of new DNA strands is not a function of restriction enzymes, but is performed by enzymes called polymerases.
38. Which nematode infects the roots of tobacco plants?
[A] Meloidogyne incognitia
[B] Ditylenchus dipsaci
[C] Xiphinema index
[D] Nacobbus aberrans
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Meloidogyne incognitia]
Notes:
Meloidogyne incognita is a nematode that infects the roots of tobacco plants, also known as ‘root-knot nematodes’. It is a plant-parasitic nematode, affecting both monocot and dicotyledonous plants.
39. Which protein helps in DNA winding?
[A] Helicase
[B] Histone
[C] Lipase
[D] Cellulase
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Histone]
Notes:
A protein that provides structural support to a chromosome is called histone.
40. Jaundice is a symptom of disease of
____:
[A] Kidney
[B] Liver
[C] Pancreas
[D] Thyroid
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Liver]
Notes:
Jaundice is a yellowish pigmentation of the skin, the conjunctival membranes over the sclerae (whites of the eyes), and other mucous membranes caused by hyperbilirubinemia. Concentration of bilirubin in blood plasma does not normally exceed 1 mg/dL (>17?mol/L). A concentration higher than 1.8 mg/ dL (>30?mol/L) leads to jaundice. Jaundice is often seen in liver disease such as hepatitis or liver cancer.
