11. Which of the following define Biofilms?
[A] Colour films used by biologists to photograph living organisms
[B] photomicrographs of microorganisms from various habitats
[C] accumulations of microorganisms at surfaces such as those of a rock, a tooth or an oil droplet
[D] photographic films made through fermentation processes of certain industrial microorganisms
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [accumulations of microorganisms at surfaces such as those of a rock, a tooth or an oil droplet]
Notes:
A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. These adherent cells become embedded within a slimy extracellular matrix that is composed of extracellular polymeric substances. Microorganisms that form biofilms include bacteria, fungi and protists. One common example of a biofilm dental plaque, a slimy buildup of bacteria that forms on the surfaces of teeth.
12. Which organelle in the cell, other than nucleus, contains DNA?
[A] Centriole
[B] Golgi apparatus
[C] Lysosome
[D] Mitochondrion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Mitochondrion]
Notes:
Mitochondrion is the organelle in the cell, other than nucleus that contains DNA. Mitochondria are the working organelles that keep the cell full of energy. Mitochondria are small organelles floating free throughout the cell. Some cells have several thousand mitochondria while others have none. Muscle cells need a lot of energy so they have loads of mitochondria.
13. Which of the following are correctly matched pairs?
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants – Lucknow
- Centre for DNA Finger Printing and Diagnostics – Hyderabad
- Institute of Microbial Technology – Chandigarh
- National Institute of Immunology – New Delhi
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
The Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP) is located in Lucknow, the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD) is situated in Hyderabad, the Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH) is based in Chandigarh, and the National Institute of Immunology (NII) is in New Delhi. Each of these pairs is correctly matched with their respective locations. Hence, option [D] is the correct answer as all given pairs are correctly matched.
14. Trichology is related to which of the following statement?
[A] Study of nutrition
[B] Study of skin and stuffing
[C] Study of bony joints and ligaments
[D] Study of hair
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Study of hair]
Notes:
Trichology is the science of the structure, function and diseases of human hair.
15. What is a common feature of archaebacteria?
[A] Structure of cell membrane
[B] Structure of cell wall
[C] Has fatty acid synthetase
[D] Structure of flagellin protein
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Has fatty acid synthetase]
Notes:
Archaebacteria are primitive bacteria that have a cell wall consisting of branched lipids that help them to endure adverse conditions.
16. The study of cell biology is related to which of the following?
[A] the cell is the fundamental unit of life
[B] cell structure and function
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2 ]
Notes:
Cell biology is the study of cell structure and function. It revolves around the concept that the cell is the fundamental unit of life.
17. Which of the following is the fastest enzyme?
[A] Pepsin
[B] Carbonic anhydrase
[C] DNA polymerase
[D] DNA gyrase
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Carbonic anhydrase]
Notes:
An enzyme is a protein that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, and controls the rate of a chemical reaction inside the body. Carbonic anhydrase is mainly found in RBCs of blood cells, pancreatic cells, etc.
18. The biological nature of the virus came from studies by the Russian scientist ____ in 1892 and by the Dutch scientist ____ in 1898.
[A] Dmitry I. Ivanovsky, Martinus W. Beijerinck
[B] Martinus W. Beijerinck, Dmitry I. Ivanovsky
[C] Félix H. d’Hérelle, Frederick W. Twort
[D] Frederick W. Twort, Félix H. d’Hérelle
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Dmitry I. Ivanovsky, Martinus W. Beijerinck]
Notes:
The biological nature of viruses was discovered in 1892 by the Russian scientist Dmitry I. Ivanovsky and in 1898 the Dutch scientist Martinus W. Beijerinck’s studies.
19. Who coined the term Bryophyta?
[A] Darwin
[B] Brown
[C] Aristotle
[D] Galen
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Brown]
Notes:
The term Bryophyta was coined by Robert Brown in 1864. He included algae, fungi, lichens, and mosses under it.
20. What are the characteristics of Pteridophyta?
[A] They are cryptogams, seedless and vascular
[B] The plant body has true roots, stem and leaves
[C] Spores develop in sporangia
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Pteridophytes are considered the first plants to develop on land, they are cryptogams, seedless and vascular, the plant body has true roots, stems and leaves, spores develop into sporangia, sporangia in clusters on the sporophyll sex organs are multicellular.
