11. Which of the following is not immunized by the Triple Antigen? (UPSC Prelims 1984)
[A] Diphtheria
[B] Tetanus
[C] Typhoid
[D] Whooping cough
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Typhoid]
Notes:
Triple antigen is a combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough), in which the pertussis component is acellular. This is in contrast to whole-cell, inactivated DTP. The acellular vaccine uses selected antigens of the pertussis pathogen to induce immunity.
12. Which of the following is/are found in plant cells but not in those of animals? (UPSC Prelims 1987)
[A] Plastid & Cellular wall
[B] Chromosome
[C] Mitochondria & Golgi apparatus
[D] Cell wall & lysozyme
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Plastid & Cellular wall]
Notes:
Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and other specialized plastids, and a large central vacuole, which are not found within animal cells.
13. Which of the following microorganisms causes Ring worm? (UPSC Prelims 1990)
[A] Bacterium
[B] Fungus
[C] Virus
[D] Worm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Fungus]
Notes:
Ringworm isn’t a worm. It’s a skin infection that’s caused by moldlike fungi that live on the dead tissues of your skin, hair, and nails. It can occur at any place and on your scalp. When one gets it between the toes, it’s what people call athlete’s foot.
14. The introduction of Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques Bill in Parliament was prompted by the increasing incidence of? (UPSC Prelims 1992)
[A] Female foeticide
[B] Failure of contraceptive devices
[C] Spurious drugs being used for prenatal immunisation
[D] Unqualified persons diagnosing pregnancy in villages by primitive methods
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Female foeticide]
Notes:
The introduction of Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques Bill in Parliament was prompted by the increasing incidence of Female foeticide. Female feticide is the abortion of a female foetus outside of legal methods. The frequency of female foeticide in India is increasing day by day. The natural sex ratio is assumed to be between 103 and 107, and any number above it is considered as suggestive of female foeticide.
15. Which one of the following vitamins is considered to be a hormone? (UPSC Prelims 1994)
[A] A
[B] B
[C] C
[D] D
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [D]
Notes:
Vitamin D is a hormone the kidneys produce that controls blood calcium concentration and impacts the immune system. It is also known as calcitriol, ergocalciferol, calcidiol and cholecalciferol.
16. Which of the following is done by an Antigen? (UPSC Prelims 1997)
[A] Lowers body temperature
[B] destroys harmful bacteria
[C] triggers the immune system
[D] is used as an antidote to poison
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [triggers the immune system]
Notes:
An antigen is any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it. An antigen may be a substance from the environment, such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or pollen. An antigen may also form inside the body.
17. Endoscopy, a technique used to explore the stomach or other inner parts of the body is based on the which of the following phenomenon? (UPSC Prelims 1999)
[A] Total internal reflection
[B] interference
[C] diffraction
[D] polarisation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Total internal reflection]
Notes:
Endoscopy, a technique used to explore the stomach or other inner parts of the body is based on total internal reflection. The endoscopy procedure uses an endoscope to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. Unlike many other medical imaging techniques, endoscopes are inserted directly into the organ. There are many types of endoscopes.
18. In a bisexual flower, if androecium and gynaecium mature at different times, which of the following is the name given to the phenomenon? (UPSC Prelims 2002)
[A] Dichogamy
[B] Herkogamy
[C] Heterogamy
[D] Monogamy
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Dichogamy]
Notes:
Dichogamy is the condition in which the male and female reproductive organs of a flower mature at different times, thereby ensuring that self-fertilization does not occur.
19. Which among the following vitamins is absent in an egg?
[A] Vitamin D
[B] Vitamin C
[C] Vitamin A
[D] Vitamin K
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin C]
Notes:
Egg is devoid of vitamin C. Egg contains all the vitamins barring vitamin C.
Extra info: Egg yolk is one of the few foods which contains vitamin D.
20. How many mutations does Omicron have till the end of 2021?
[A] 13
[B] 18
[C] 25
[D] More than 30
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [More than 30]
Notes:
Omicron has some deletions and more than 30 mutations, several of which overlap with those in the alpha, beta, gamma, or delta VoCs. These deletions and mutations are known to lead to increased transmissibility, higher viral binding affinity, and higher antibody escape. Some of the other omicron mutations with known effects confer increased transmissibility and affect binding affinity. Although omicron is likely to be highly transmissible, it is not yet clear whether it has greater transmissibility than delta.
