11. In which of the following part of the cell does the pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy?
[A] Mitochondria
[B] Chloroplast
[C] Nucleus
[D] Cytoplasm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mitochondria]
Notes:
In Mitochondria, pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy.
12. Which of the following forms of Nitrogen is taken up by Higher Plants? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] Nitrites only
[B] Nitrates only
[C] Nitrates and Ammonium
[D] Urea
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Nitrates and Ammonium]
Notes:
Plants absorb ammonium and nitrate during the nitrogen assimilation process, after which they are converted into nitrogen-containing organic molecules, such as amino acids and DNA. Animals cannot absorb nitrates directly. They receive their nutrient supplies by consuming plants or plant-consuming animals.
13. Where does pearls are formed? (UPSC Prelims 1982)
[A] Inside squids
[B] Inside snails
[C] Inside oysters
[D] Inside mollusks
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Inside oysters]
Notes:
Natural Pearls are formed when an irritant usually a parasite works its way into an oyster, mussel, or clam. As a defense mechanism, a fluid is used to coat the irritant. Layer upon layer of this coating, called nacre, is deposited until a lustrous pearl is formed.
14. Which of the following glands control temperature in human beings? (UPSC Prelims 1987)
[A] Pituitary gland
[B] Thyroid gland
[C] Hypothalamus gland
[D] Adrenal gland
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Hypothalamus gland]
Notes:
The hypothalamus in the brain controls body temperature by regulating heat production and loss:
Temperature comparison: The hypothalamus compares the body’s current temperature to the normal temperature of around 37°C.
Heat production: If the body is too cold, the hypothalamus triggers heat production.
Heat loss: If the body is too hot, the hypothalamus triggers heat loss, such as sweating or giving off heat.
15. Which among the following blood groups is referred as the universal donor blood group?
[A] O -ve
[B] O +ve
[C] AB -ve
[D] AB +ve
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [O -ve]
Notes:
The person with O-ve blood group is considered as the universal donor. Whereas a person with O +ve is not a universal donor as O +ve consists of Rh(Rhesus) factor which makes it incompatible for Rh -ve bloods.
16. What are cryptogamous plants?
[A] Flowerless plant
[B] Seedless Plant
[C] Reproduce by spores
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Cryptogamic plants include Algae, mosses, liverworts, lichens, ferns and fungi and they reproduce by spores and not producing flowers or seed.
17. How many amino acids are needed to make proteins?
[A] 19
[B] 20
[C] 21
[D] 22
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [20]
Notes:
Amino acids combine to form protein. It requires 20 amino acids to make a protein in both plants and animals. Amino acids and protein are considered as the main body building blocks.
18. Which virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae?
[A] Rubella virus
[B] Yellow fever virus
[C] Hepatitis C virus
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of these]
Notes:
Flaviviridae contains three genera which are Flavivirus, Hepacivirus, and Pestivirus. Flaviviruses have enveloped and spherical virions. The flavivirus genome consists of non-segmented single-stranded positive-sense RNA (ribonucleic acid).
19. Which plant has spores and embryos but does not have vascular tissue and seeds?
[A] Rhodophyta
[B] Bryophyta
[C] Pteridophyta
[D] Phaeophyta
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Bryophyta]
Notes:
Bryophytes are a proposed taxonomic division. These three groups of non-vascular land plants include liverworts, hornworts and mosses. They are notably limited in size and prefer moist habitats. They can survive in dry environments.
20. The cytoplasmic membrane of which of the following organisms contains sterols?
[A] Clostridum
[B] Proteus
[C] Mycoplasma
[D] Bacillius
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Mycoplasma]
Notes:
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that do not have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane.
