11. Which of the following clearly defines Chlorophyll? (UPSC Prelims 1982)
[A] Halogen acid
[B] A green pigment found in the plants
[C] A chloro-organic compound
[D] Element
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [A green pigment found in the plants]
Notes:
Chlorophyll is a green photosynthetic pigment found in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Chlorophyll absorbs mostly in the blue and to a lesser extent red portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, hence its intense green color.
12. Which of the following is not an element of the bone? (UPSC Prelims 1988)
[A] Calcium
[B] Phosphorus
[C] Carbon
[D] Oxygen
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Carbon]
Notes:
Bones consist of living cells embedded in a mineralized organic matrix. This matrix consists of organic components, mainly type I collagen – “organic” referring to materials produced as a result of the human body – and inorganic components, primarily hydroxyapatite and other salts of calcium and phosphate.
13. Which one of the following types of micro-organisms is most widely used in industries? (UPSC Prelims 1998)
[A] Bacteria
[B] Bacteria and fungi
[C] Bacteria and algae
[D] Bacteria, micro-algae and fungi
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Bacteria, micro-algae and fungi]
Notes:
Bacteria, micro-algae and fungi are most widely used in industries
14. With reference to the blood in a normal person, which one of the following statements is correct? (UPSC Prelims 2002)
[A] Compared to arteries, veins are less numerous and hold less of the body’s blood at any given time
[B] Blood cells constitute about 70 per cent of the total volume of the blood
[C] White Blood Cells (WBC) are made by lymph nodes only
[D] The blood has more platelets than WBC
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [The blood has more platelets than WBC]
Notes:
Blood has more platelets than corpuscles. A microlitre of blood contains 5,000-10,000 of White blood cells (WBC) and 150,000-500,000 platelets.
15. Which of the following whales can be easily identified by the white calluses on their heads?
[A] Humpback Whale
[B] Antarctic Minke Whales
[C] North Atlantic Right Whale
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [North Atlantic Right Whale]
Notes:
The North Atlantic right whale is a baleen whale. At present, they are among the most endangered whales in the world. They feed on plankton and are usually found in coastal waters.
16. Which of the following was invented by Jonas Salk?
[A] Polio Drop
[B] Polio Vaccine
[C] BCG Vaccine
[D] aspirin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Polio Vaccine]
Notes:
The first effective polio vaccine was developed in 1952 by Jonas Salk. Polio, or poliomyelitis, is a disabling and life-threatening disease caused by the poliovirus.
17. What are cryptogamous plants?
[A] Flowerless plant
[B] Seedless Plant
[C] Reproduce by spores
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Cryptogamic plants include Algae, mosses, liverworts, lichens, ferns and fungi and they reproduce by spores and not producing flowers or seed.
18. Which of the following is the largest group of the plant kingdom?
[A] Thallophyta
[B] Bryophyta
[C] Pteridophyta
[D] Euglena
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Thallophyta]
Notes:
The plant kingdom consists of 390,000 species known till date. The plant kingdom is divided into five major groups: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
19. Who among the following is considered as the “Father of Indian Phycology”
[A] Prof. M.O.P. Iyenger
[B] Prof. J.N. Mishra
[C] Prof. R.R. Mishra
[D] Prof. R.N. Singh
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Prof. M.O.P. Iyenger]
Notes:
MOP Iyengar from Madras is considered the father of Indian Phycology. He discovered Fritschiella heterotrichus terrestrial algae.
20. In which group would you place a plant that produces spores, lacks seeds, and has vascular tissue?
[A] Bryophyte
[B] Algae
[C] Pteridophyte
[D] Gymnosperm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Pteridophyte]
Notes:
Pteridophyte is a vascular plant that disperses spores as pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds.
