11. Which of the following functions is performed by the kidneys in the human body?
[A] Transportation
[B] Excretion
[C] Respiration
[D] Digestion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Excretion]
Notes:
The primary route in which the body eliminates substances is through the kidneys. The main function of the kidney is the excretion of body wastes and harmful chemicals into the urine.
12. Nereis, Pheretima (Earthworm) and Hirudinaria (blood sucking leech) are examples of which Phylum?
[A] Aschelminthes
[B] Coelenterata
[C] Arthropoda
[D] Annelida
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Annelida]
Notes:
The annelids (Annelida, from Latin anellus, “little ring”), also known as the ringed worms or segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 22,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches.
13. Which among the following is more required by the Growing children?
[A] Proteins
[B] Carbohydrates
[C] Vitamins
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Proteins]
Notes:
Growing kids need protein to help them build and repair cells, enzymes, and hormones, and, as a last resort, to provide energy. Protein foods also help form new blood cells and body tissues, and they help the nervous system function properly.
14. Sex of a child is determined by which of the following? (UPSC Prelims 1984)
[A] Chromosomes of father
[B] Chromosomes of mother
[C] Rh factor of parents
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Chromosomes of father]
Notes:
Men determine the sex of a baby depending on whether their sperm is carrying an X or Y chromosome. An X chromosome combines with the mother’s X chromosome to make a baby girl (XX) and a Y chromosome will combine with the mother’s to make a boy (XY).
15. A person with ‘AB’ blood group is sometimes called a universal recipient because of the? (UPSC Prelims 1995)
[A] lack of antigen in his blood
[B] lack of antibodies in his blood
[C] lack of both antigens and antibodies in his blood
[D] presence of antibodies in his blood
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [lack of antibodies in his blood]
Notes:
Type AB is considered the universal recipient, as they have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells, and thus their body does not have antibodies against A or B antigen cells, so they can receive blood from any blood type.
16. Empedocles is related to which of the following theory of biology?
[A] theory of cell
[B] theory of natural selection
[C] theory of mutation
[D] theory of disease
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [theory of natural selection]
Notes:
Empedocles formulated a theory of natural selection. He proposed that everything in existence is composed of different combinations of four elements: air, fire, water and earth.
17. Which of the following is the largest group of the plant kingdom?
[A] Thallophyta
[B] Bryophyta
[C] Pteridophyta
[D] Euglena
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Thallophyta]
Notes:
The plant kingdom consists of 390,000 species known till date. The plant kingdom is divided into five major groups: Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
18. In what form do fungi store food?
[A] Lipid
[B] Starch
[C] Oil and glycogen
[D] Protein
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Oil and glycogen]
Notes:
Oil and glycogen are stored in the fungus. Glycogen is a type of food that animals and fungi store.
19. Why lysosomes are called suicidal bags?
[A] because it contains digestive enzymes
[B] because it contains endoplasmic reticulum
[C] because it contains Phospholipids
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [because it contains digestive enzymes]
Notes:
The lysosome is known as the suicide bag of the cell because it contains digestive enzymes.
20. Which of the following is a group of plants that has the largest ovule, the largest gamete and the largest tree?
[A] Angiosperms
[B] Gymnosperms
[C] Pteridophytes
[D] Bryophytes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Gymnosperms]
Notes:
A group of plants that has the largest ovule, the largest gamete and the largest tree is Gymnosperms.
