11. In which of the following diseases Sex chromosomes transmit? (UPSC Prelims 1985)
[A] Myopia
[B] Colour blindness
[C] Longsightedness
[D] Night blindness
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Colour blindness]
Notes:
It is sex-linked that genetic red-green color blindness affects males much more often than females, because the genes for the red and green color receptors are located on the X chromosome, of which males have only one and females have two.
12. Which one of the following diseases is least infectious? (UPSC Prelims 1991)
[A] Leprosy
[B] Tuberculosis
[C] Conjunctivitis
[D] Hepatitis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Hepatitis]
Notes:
Most noninfectious causes of hepatitis are not contagious. Hepatitis caused by alcohol poisoning, medications, or toxins or poisons are not transmitted from person to person.
13. Natural rubber is a plant product which is chemically known by which of the following names? (UPSC Prelims 1992)
[A] Mucilage
[B] Gum
[C] Latex
[D] Resin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Latex]
Notes:
The word latex means only natural rubber. Natural rubber is made from the white sap of some trees such as the Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae). Other elastomers, called synthetic rubbers, are made by chemical processes.
14. Consider the following conditions of sick human body
1. Swollen lymph nodes
2. Sweating at night
3. Loss of memory
4. Loss of weight
Which of these are the symptoms of AIDS? (UPSC Prelims 2003)
[A] 1 and 2
[B] 2, 3 and 4
[C] 1, 2 and 3
[D] 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 and 4]
Notes:
AIDS is a viral disease. In this disease the immune system weakens and the body becomes prone to different type of infection by pathogens. Sweating at night, swollen lymph nodes, loss of memory and loss of weight are also symptoms of AIDS.
15. Consider the following statements with reference to the human body:
- The common bile duct releases its contents into the stomach.
- The pancreatic duct releases its contents into the duodenum.
Which of the above statements is/are correct? (UPSC Prelims 2006)
[A] I only
[B] II only
[C] Both I and II
[D] Neither I nor II
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [II only]
Notes:
The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct both release their contents into the duodenum, not the stomach. The digestive enzyme (pancreatic juices) are released to the duodenum from the pancreatic duct.
16. How may cultivated species contribute to food production globally?
[A] 200
[B] 400
[C] 1000
[D] 900
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [200]
Notes:
According to FAO’s report “The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture”, of more than 6,000 plant species cultivated for food production, fewer than 200 contribute significantly to food production globally, regionally or nationally. Only 9 plant species account for almost two-thirds of total crop production.
17. What does D stand for in the term HDL which is related with Lipoproteins ?
[A] Dopamine
[B] Density
[C] Distribution
[D] Dissolution
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Density]
Notes:
The High- Density Lipoprotein (HDL) is one of the five major groups of Lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are complex particles which are composed of multiple proteins that transport all fat molecules around the body within the water outside the cells.
18. Robert Hooke is known for which of the following works?
[A] how messages pass between nerve cells in mammals
[B] first use of the word cell
[C] theory of punctuated equilibrium
[D] aquatic ape theory
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [first use of the word cell]
Notes:
Robert Hooke is known for his discovery of the law of elasticity (Hooke’s law), for his first use of the word cell in the sense of a basic unit of organisms, and for his studies of microscopic fossils, which made him an early proponent of a theory of evolution.
19. Who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus?
[A] Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
[B] Luc Montagnier
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in 2008.
20. Phaeophyceae is commonly known as which of the following algae?
[A] Green Algae
[B] Brown Algae
[C] Red Algae
[D] Blue Algae
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Brown Algae]
Notes:
Brown algae, which include the class Phaeophyceae, are a large group of multicellular algae, which includes many seaweeds located in cold waters within the Northern Hemisphere. Brown algae are the major seaweeds of temperate and polar regions.
