11. Who among the following proposed the theory of origin of life on earth?
[A] Haldane
[B] Stanley Miller
[C] Harold C. Urey
[D] Lamarck
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Haldane]
Notes:
The theory of origin of life on earth is proposed by Haldane. Further this theory was confirmed by the experiments conducted by Stanley L. Miller and Harold C. Urey.
12. What is the meaning of the term ‘Test Tube Baby’? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] Fertilisation of ovum takes place in the test tube but it develops in uterus
[B] Fertilisation of ovum takes place in the test tube and develops in the test tube itself
[C] Fertilisation of the ovum takes place in the uterus but develops in the test tube
[D] Fertilisation takes place in uterus and embryo develops in uterus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Fertilisation of ovum takes place in the test tube but it develops in uterus]
Notes:
Test tube baby is a term that refers to a child that is conceived outside the women’s body by a scientific process known as In-Vitro fertilization or IVF treatment. This entire process is done in a laboratory. In this process the eggs are taken from the mother’s ovary and fertilised by the sperms from the father.
Then the fertilized eggs are cultured for two to six days and allowed to be divided two to four times inside a test tube, thus the name test tube baby. These eggs are then implanted back into the uterus of a mother where it can develop normally. This is done with the sole intention for establishing and ensuring a successful pregnancy.
13. In which of the following diseases Sex chromosomes transmit? (UPSC Prelims 1985)
[A] Myopia
[B] Colour blindness
[C] Longsightedness
[D] Night blindness
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Colour blindness]
Notes:
It is sex-linked that genetic red-green color blindness affects males much more often than females, because the genes for the red and green color receptors are located on the X chromosome, of which males have only one and females have two.
14. Deficiency in which among the following leads to goitre?
[A] Iodine
[B] Calcium
[C] Phosporous
[D] Zinc
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Iodine]
Notes:
Goitre is a disorder caused due to the deficiency of iodine. Malfunction of thyroid gland leads to goitre (Swelling of neck). It is due to the bulge of the thyroid gland.
15. Which vitamin helps in the clotting of blood?
[A] Vitamin C
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin K
[D] Vitamin E
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Vitamin K]
Notes:
Vitamin K helps in the clotting of blood preventing excessive leakage of blood.
Extra info: Its name is derived from German which means Koagulationsvitamin.
16. Which of the following branch of biology deals with the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants?
[A] Agriforestry
[B] Horticulture
[C] Arboriculture
[D] Forestry
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Arboriculture]
Notes:
Arboriculture is the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants.
17. The branch of biology dealing with the study of fungi is known as__?
[A] Phycology
[B] Mycology
[C] Cytology
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mycology]
Notes:
Mycology is the branch of biology that deals with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties.
18. Which of the following possesses the characteristics of both plants and animals?
[A] Azolla
[B] Lycopodium
[C] Euglena
[D] Sphagnum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Euglena
]
Notes:
Euglena is an example of the Protista kingdom and has both plant and animal characteristics.
19. Which of the following is not a feature of mycoplasma?
[A] Pleomorphic
[B] Lacks cell wall
[C] Both 1 & 2 are correct
[D] Cannot live without oxygen
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Cannot live without oxygen]
Notes:
Mycoplasma is an anaerobic organism that requires oxygen to survive.
20. Cell theory was formulated by __?
[A] Charles Darwin
[B] Theodor Schwann
[C] Robert Hooke
[D] Robert Koch
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Theodor Schwann]
Notes:
The classical cell theory was proposed by Theodor Schwann in 1839. There are three parts to this theory. In the first part explains that all organisms are made up of cells. The second part explains that cells are the basic units of life. The third part, explains that cells come from preexisting cells that have multiplied. It was described by Rudolf Virchow in 1858.
