11. Mitochondrial DNA in an individual comes from which of the following sources?
[A] Male parent
[B] Female parent
[C] Both parents
[D] Neither of the parents
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both parents]
Notes:
Mitochondrial DNA is the small circular chromosome found inside mitochondria. The mitochondria, and thus mitochondrial DNA, are passed almost exclusively from mother to offspring through the egg cell. Electron microscopy reveals mitochondrial DNA in discrete foci.
12. Natural rubber is a plant product which is chemically known by which of the following names?
[A] Mucilage
[B] Gum
[C] Latex
[D] Resin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Latex]
Notes:
The word latex means only natural rubber. Natural rubber is made from the white sap of some trees such as the Hevea brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae). Other elastomers, called synthetic rubbers, are made by chemical processes.
13. Haemophilia is a genetic disorder that leads to which of the following conditions?
[A] Decrease in haemoglobin level
[B] rheumatic heart disease
[C] decrease in WBC
[D] non-clotting of blood
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [non-clotting of blood]
Notes:
Hemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding. Rarely a new mutation may occur during early development or haemophilia may develop later in life due to antibodies forming against a clotting factor.
14. Pollination by which among the following is called as ornithophily?
[A] Rodents
[B] Aquatic animals
[C] Ants
[D] Birds
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Birds]
Notes:
Ornithophily refers to the pollination assisted by the birds. Ornithology is a branch of science which studies about birds. Dr. Salim Ali is a famous Indian ornithologist.
15. Which among the following is not a bio-fertilizer?
[A] Vermi compost
[B] Urea
[C] Azobacter
[D] Clostridium
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Urea]
Notes:
Biofertilizers are substances that contain microorganisms, which when added to the soil increase its fertility and promote plant growth. Urea is not a biofertilizer.
16. Which of the following branch of biology deals with the study of mycoplasma?
[A] Mycoplasmology
[B] Limnology
[C] Ethnobotony
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mycoplasmology]
Notes:
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that do not have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane.
17. Robert Hooke is known for which of the following works?
[A] how messages pass between nerve cells in mammals
[B] first use of the word cell
[C] theory of punctuated equilibrium
[D] aquatic ape theory
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [first use of the word cell]
Notes:
Robert Hooke is known for his discovery of the law of elasticity (Hooke’s law), for his first use of the word cell in the sense of a basic unit of organisms, and for his studies of microscopic fossils, which made him an early proponent of a theory of evolution.
18. Which of the following is the function of contractile vacuole?
[A] To carry out pinocytosis
[B] To carry out metabolic process
[C] To pump excess water out of the cell
[D] To carry out phagocytosis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [To pump excess water out of the cell]
Notes:
Contractile vacuoles that regulate intracellular water balance by storing and expelling excess water from the cell.
19. What is another name for Koshland’s theory of enzyme action?
[A] Reduced fit theory
[B] Induced fit theory
[C] Enzyme coenzyme theory
[D] Lock and key theory
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Induced fit theory]
Notes:
Induced fit theory is also known as Koshland’s theory of enzyme action. It describes the enzyme-substrate interaction.
20. What is the fusion of mature individuals that directly act as gametes called?
[A] Isogamy
[B] Anisogamy
[C] Hologamy
[D] Autogamy
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Hologamy]
Notes:
In Chlamydomonas, two mature individuals participate in sexual reproduction called hologamy.
