11. Where in the human body is the stapedius muscle situated?
[A] Nose
[B] Ears
[C] Leg
[D] Eyes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Ears]
Notes:
The stapedius muscle is the smallest skeletal muscle in the entire body that is located in the middle ear. Specifically, the stapedius muscle originates from a cone-shaped structure in the tympanic cavity of each ear and then extends to the stapes bone.
12. In which of the following class can we put Adrenaline?
[A] Fat
[B] Hormone
[C] Enzyme
[D] Protein
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Hormone]
Notes:
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone, neurotransmitter, and medication. Adrenaline is normally produced by both the adrenal glands and certain neurons.
13. Which of the following is the reason behind bleeding through nose in high mountain regions? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] The pressure of the blood capillaries is higher than the outside pressure
[B] The pressure at high altitudes is greater than that in the plains
[C] The blood pressure increases at high altitudes
[D] The blood pressure decreases at high altitudes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [The pressure of the blood capillaries is higher than the outside pressure]
Notes:
As altitude increases, the availability of oxygen decreases, making the air thinner and drier. Dry climates can cause drying and cracking inside the nose, which can lead to a nosebleed. The climate inside nose gets drier. This makes the blood vessels exposed inside your nose more likely to burst there than at lower altitudes.
14. Fat present below the skin surface in our body, acts as a barrier against which of the following losses? (UPSC Prelims 1996)
[A] Loss of heat from the body
[B] loss of essential body fluids
[C] loss of salts from the body
[D] entry of harmful micro-organisms from the environment
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Loss of heat from the body]
Notes:
Adipose tissue that’s fat cells which are under the skin act as barrier to loss of the heat from the body and it protects the skin from entering of highly reactive UV rays of the sun. Fat present below the skin surface in our body, act as an insulator against loss of heat from the body. The deposited fat works as barrier, which prevents loss of heat.
15. Which of the following classes belongs to an Octopus? (UPSC Prelims 2003)
[A] an arthropod
[B] an echinoderm
[C] a heimchordate
[D] a mollusc
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [a mollusc]
Notes:
The octopus is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda. Around 300 species are recognised, and the order is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids.
16. Which among the following are female sex harmones?
[A] Estrogen
[B] Progesterone
[C] Testosterone
[D] Both a and b
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Both a and b]
Notes:
Estrogen and progesterone are the female sex harmones. Estrogen is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Progesterone supports during pregnancy and controls the menstrual cycles in women.
17. Which among the following is a water soluble vitamin?
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin C
[C] Vitamin D
[D] Vitamin E
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin C]
Notes:
Except vitamins A, D, E and K, remaining all vitamins are water soluble vitamins. Vitamins A, D, E and K are fat soluble vitamins.
18. What does H denote in the popular term HIV ?
[A] Human
[B] Higher
[C] Hybrid
[D] NOTA
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Human]
Notes:
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are two species of lentivirus. It causes life-threatening disease of AIDS in humans and infects them. HIV is a sexually transmitted infection and occurs by contact with or transfer of blood, pre-ejaculate, semen, and vaginal fluids.
19. Which of the following branch of biology deals with the study of mycoplasma?
[A] Mycoplasmology
[B] Limnology
[C] Ethnobotony
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mycoplasmology]
Notes:
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that do not have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane.
20. Study of the chemical nature of cells and tissues is known as__?
[A] Biochemistry
[B] Conchology
[C] Histochemistry
[D] Dermatology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Histochemistry]
Notes:
Histochemistry combines the techniques of biochemistry and histology in the study of the chemical constitution of cells and tissues.
