Biology MCQs

Notes:
Insulin and glucagon are hormones secreted by islet cells within the pancreas. They are both secreted in response to blood sugar levels, but in opposite fashion. Insulin is normally secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to metabolize glycogen into glucose molecules and to release glucose into the blood.  Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels.

Notes:
Snakebite is an injury caused by the bite of a snake, especially a venomous snake. A common sign of a bite from a venomous snake is the presence of two puncture wounds from the animal’s fangs. Those bitten may also describe a “sharp”, “rubbery”, “minty”, or “metallic” taste if bitten.

Notes:
In desert conditions, most of the activity of the plants and animals happens during the night because of very high temperature in the day time. The desert insects make themselves active and pollinate the flowers at night. To attract the insects, most of the desert plants bloom during the night.

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Royal haemophilia is sex- linked disease. Clotting of blood is abnormally delayed even small cut will result in non stop bleeding in the affected individual. Queen Victoria was a carrier of this disease and produce haemophilic descendents, so haemophilia is a royal disease.

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Louis Pasteur was a French biologist, microbiologist, and chemist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and prevention of diseases, and his discoveries have saved many lives ever since. He reduced mortality from puerperal fever and created the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax. His medical discoveries provided direct support for the germ theory of disease and its application in clinical medicine. He is best known to the general public for his invention of the technique of treating milk and wine to stop bacterial contamination, a process now called pasteurization. He is regarded as one of the three main founders of bacteriology, together with Ferdinand Cohn and Robert Koch, and is popularly known as the “father of microbiology”.

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Arboriculture is the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants.

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Archaebacteria are primitive bacteria that have a cell wall consisting of branched lipids that help them to endure adverse conditions.

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The pistil is the innermost part of a flower and the female reproductive organ consists of three parts – the stigma, the style and the ovary collectively known as the pistil.

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Apical meristem tissues upsurge the length of the plant. It is existent at the growing tips or apical of stems and roots.

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There are three phases of aerobic cellular respiration: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.