11. Among living organisms, which one of the following is the most responsible factor for bringing about the origin of a new species? (UPSC Prelims 2002)
[A] Isolation
[B] Mutation
[C] Natural Selection
[D] Sexual Reproduction
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Isolation]
Notes:
Origin of new species depends on isolation of gene flow between new species and develops significant genetic divergence.
12. Which vitamin is also called as “Pantothenic acid”?
[A] Vitamin K
[B] Vitamin D
[C] Vitamin B3
[D] Vitamin B5
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Vitamin B5]
Notes:
Vitamin B5 is also called as Pantothenic acid and it was discovered by Roger J.Williams in 1933. Chemical formula for Vitamin B5 is C9H17NO5.
13. What was “Albert Szent-Gyorgyi” famous for?
[A] As a Hungarian biochemist
[B] As a Hungarian physicist
[C] As a Hungarian mathematician
[D] As a Hungarian novelist
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [As a Hungarian biochemist ]
Notes:
Albert Szent-Gyorgyi was a Hungarian biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937. He is credited with first isolating vitamin C and discovering the components and reactions of the citric acid cycle. He was also active in the Hungarian Resistance during World War II and entered Hungarian politics after the war.
14. Which branch of biology is known for the study of trees and shrubs?
[A] Forestry
[B] Horticulture
[C] Dendrology
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Dendrology]
Notes:
Dendrology, also called forest dendrology or xylology, is the study of the characteristics of trees, shrubs, lianas, and other woody plants.
15. Who is the father of Genetics?
[A] Gregor Mendel
[B] Thomas Hunt Morgan
[C] Francis Galton
[D] Krateuas
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Gregor Mendel]
Notes:
Gregor Mendel was a botanist, educator and Augustinian bishop who was the first to lay the mathematical foundations of the science of genetics, which came to be known as Mendelism.
16. Who was the father of DNA Fingerprinting?
[A] James Watson
[B] Hargobind Khurana
[C] Alec Jeffereys
[D] Nirenberg
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Alec Jeffereys]
Notes:
In 1984, Alec Jeffreys developed the technique of DNA fingerprinting. These techniques have revolutionised the way that the police solve crimes.
17. Which of the following possesses the characteristics of both plants and animals?
[A] Azolla
[B] Lycopodium
[C] Euglena
[D] Sphagnum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Euglena
]
Notes:
Euglena is an example of the Protista kingdom and has both plant and animal characteristics.
18. rRNA is synthesized by which of the following?
[A] Nucleus
[B] Nucleolus
[C] Golgi body
[D] Cytoplasm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Nucleolus]
Notes:
Molecules of rRNA are synthesized by the nucleolus in a specialized region of the cell nucleus, which appears as a dense region within the nucleus and contains genes encoding rRNA.
19. The sporophytic generation is represented only by the zygote__?
[A] Funaria
[B] Chlamydomonas
[C] Pinus
[D] Pinus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Chlamydomonas]
Notes:
Important Features of Chlamydomonas: The plant body is unicellular, pear-shaped, and biflagellate, Each cell typically contains a cup-shaped chloroplast, an eye sac, and two contractile vacuoles, Pamela-stage appearance, Asexual reproduction occurs through biflagellate zoospore formation.
20. The oxygen in glucose during photosynthesis comes from?
[A] Water
[B] Carbon dioxide
[C] Both 1 and 2
[D] Sunlight
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Carbon dioxide]
Notes:
The oxygen in glucose during photosynthesis comes from carbon dioxide. The oxygen formed by the splitting of water is further released into the atmosphere.
