General Science - Biology MCQs
11. Which of the following may be most likely to be missing from a gram-positive bacterium?
[A] Penicillin-binding protein
[B] Peptidoglycan
[C] Lipopolysaccharide
[D] Phospholipid bilayer membrane
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Correct Answer: C [Lipopolysaccharide]
Notes:
Gram-negative bacteria are surrounded by a thin peptidoglycan cell wall. It itself is surrounded by an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides.
12. Fungi that get their food directly from dead organic matter are called?
[A] Predators
[B] Decomposers
[C] Mutualists
[D] Parasitic fungi
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Correct Answer: B [Decomposers]
Notes:
Fungi that get their food directly from dead organic matter are called Decomposers.
13. In which of the following groups would you place a plant that produces spores and embryos but lacks seeds and vascular tissue?
[A] Fungi
[B] Bryophytes
[C] Pteridophytes
[D] Gymnosperms
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Correct Answer: B [Bryophytes]
Notes:
Bryophytes are small, non-vascular plants. Examples are mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. They play an important role in regulating ecosystems because they provide an important buffer system for other plants that live together. They benefit from the water and nutrients that bryophytes collect.
14. In aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into what?
[A] carbon dioxide
[B] water
[C] ethyl alcohol
[D] Only 1 and 2
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Correct Answer: D [Only 1 and 2]
Notes:
Glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water.
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
15. Which hormones are responsible for cell elongation in phototropism and gravitropism?
[A] Gibberellins
[B] cytokinin
[C] Auxins
[D] Abscisic Acid
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Correct Answer: C [Auxins]
Notes:
The hormones responsible for cell elongation in phototropism and gravitropism are auxins. It also controls the differentiation of meristems into vascular tissue and promotes leaf development and arrangement.
16. What is the role of indole acetic acid in plant growth?
[A] cell division and elongation
[B] tissue differentiation
[C] apical dominance
[D] All of the above
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Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Indole acetic acid is the main auxin in plants that regulates growth and development processes such as cell division and elongation, tissue differentiation, apical dominance, and responses to light, gravity, and pathogens.
17. How many diverse classes of animals were included in the phylum Aschelminthes?
[A] Five
[B] Six
[C] Seven
[D] Eight
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Correct Answer: C [Seven]
Notes:
The phylum Aschelminthes included seven diverse classes of animals: Nematoda, Rotifera, Acanthocephala, Gastrotricha, Kinorhyncha (or Echinodera), Nematomorpha, and Gnathostomulida.
18. Which of the following is not a part of the cerebrum?
[A] Frontal
[B] Parietal
[C] Motor
[D] Occipital
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Correct Answer: C [Motor]
Notes:
The cerebrum is divided into four sections or lobes: the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the occipital lobe, and the temporal lobe. Motor areas are responsible for the action of the voluntary muscles.
19. How many cranial nerves are there in the human body?
[A] 12 pairs
[B] 14 pairs
[C] 18 pairs
[D] 20 pairs
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Correct Answer: A [12 pairs]
Notes:
There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves found in the human body. Olfactory nerve, optic nerve, facial nerve, oculomotor nerve, vagus nerve, hypoglossal nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve, accessory nerve, trochlear nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, trigeminal nerve, and abdominal nerve.
20. The ovary is surrounded by a thin covering of ___.
[A] epithelium
[B] ampulla
[C] isthmus
[D] infundibulum
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Correct Answer: A [epithelium]
Notes:
The ovary is surrounded by a thin covering of epithelium, surrounds the ovarian stroma, and is divided into two regions – the outer cortex and the inner medulla.
