11. Photosynthesis generally occurs in which portions of the plant? (UPSC Prelims 1987)
[A] Leaf and other chloroplast bearing parts
[B] Steam and leaf
[C] Roots and chloroplast bearing parts
[D] Bark and leaf
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Leaf and other chloroplast bearing parts]
Notes:
Photosynthesis can take place in leaves, stem or green part of plant which containing chlorophyll.
12. In a bisexual flower, if androecium and gynaecium mature at different times, which of the following is the name given to the phenomenon? (UPSC Prelims 2002)
[A] Dichogamy
[B] Herkogamy
[C] Heterogamy
[D] Monogamy
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Dichogamy]
Notes:
Dichogamy is the condition in which the male and female reproductive organs of a flower mature at different times, thereby ensuring that self-fertilization does not occur.
13. Phototropism Theory is related to which of the following scientist?
[A] Jane Goodall
[B] Charles Darwin
[C] Francis Galton
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Charles Darwin]
Notes:
Plant physiologists have investigated phototropism for over 100 years. The best known early research on phototropism was by Charles Darwin.
14. Which of the following is a reducing sugar?
[A] β-methyl galactosidase
[B] Sucrose
[C] Gluconic acid
[D] Galactose
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Galactose]
Notes:
The dietary monosaccharides galactose, glucose and fructose are all reducing sugars.
15. What are the inclusion bodies of the measles virus?
[A] intracytoplasmic
[B] intranuclear
[C] both (a) and (b)
[D] none of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [both (a) and (b)]
Notes:
The inclusion bodies of the measles virus are intracytoplasmic and intranuclear.
16. Which of the following materials are acted upon by putrefying bacteria?
[A] Fat
[B] Protein
[C] Carbohydrate
[D] Vitamins
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Protein]
Notes:
The primary energy source for putrefying bacteria, also known as decay bacteria, is Protein. While they can break down diverse types of biological material, they primarily act on proteins due to their constituent amino acids, which provide an ideal nutrient source. Their interaction with proteins results in decay and decomposition, a critical part of the biogeochemical cycle in nature.
17. Bryophytes comprise__?
[A] The sporophyte is of longer duration
[B] Dominant phase of sporophyte which is parasitic
[C] Dominant phase of gametophyte which produces spores
[D] Small sporophyte phase and generally parasitic on the gametophyte
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Small sporophyte phase and generally parasitic on the gametophyte]
Notes:
The sporophyte is never independent inside the bryophytes, but parasitizes on the gametophytic plant, either partially for water and mineral supply or entirely for organic food.
18. The patterns of arrangement of leaves on the stem are called__?
[A] phyllotaxy
[B] Phyllode
[C] Leaf Roots
[D] Scale Leaves
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [phyllotaxy]
Notes:
The pattern of arrangement of leaves on the stem is called phyllotaxy.
19. In anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into what?
[A] ethyl alcohol
[B] carbon dioxide
[C] energy
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Glucose breaks down into ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide, and energy.
Glucose → Alcohol + Carbon dioxide + Energy
20. Which of the following statements is true about the root modification?
[A] The temporary change in the root structure
[B] The permanent changes in the root structure
[C] The permanent changes in the internal root structure
[D] The temporary changes in the external root structure
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [The permanent changes in the root structure]
Notes:
Root modification is the permanent changes in the root structure. The root is an underground part of the plant. It absorbs water and minerals from the soil and binds firmly to the plant.
