11. Which of the following defines an Antigen? (UPSC Prelims 2001)
[A] destroys harmful bacteria
[B] is used to treat poisoning
[C] lowers body-temperature
[D] stimulates formation of antibody
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [stimulates formation of antibody]
Notes:
An antigen is any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it. An antigen may be a substance from the environment, such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or pollen. An antigen may also form inside the body.
12. Which is the largest muscle in the human body?
[A] Gluteus maximus
[B] Biceps brachii
[C] Masseter
[D] Pectorlis major
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Gluteus maximus]
Notes:
Gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the human body located at the lower back, it is also called as the buttocks.
13. Which among the bio fertilizer uses earthworm?
[A]
Rhizobium biofertilizer
[B] Vermi composting
[C] Azospirillium biofertilizer
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vermi composting]
Notes:
Vermicomposting is the compost prepared using the earthworms . It is an appropriate technique for efficient recycling of animal wastes, crop residues, and agro-industrial wastes.
14. Who among the following discovered Vitamin C?
[A] Albert Szent-Györgyi
[B] Funk
[C] Evans and Bishop
[D] Henrik Dam
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Albert Szent-Györgyi]
Notes:
Albert Szent-György is the scientist who discovered Vitamin C. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin. The chemical name is Ascorbic acid.
15. What is the approximate number of specific cells in the human body?
[A] 200 types
[B] 300 types
[C] 250 types
[D] 150 types
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [200 types]
Notes:
Scientists estimate that the human body contains around 37 trillion cells and 200 different cell types. This includes 50 billion fat cells and 2 billion heart muscle cells. The number of bacterial cells inside a human body is around 38 trillion. This is much closer to the estimated 30 trillion human cells in the body.
Scientists used data reported by others about individual organs and some mathematical modeling to obtain their results.
16. Which of the following is not a cause of Food Poisoning?
[A] Salmonella
[B] Campylobacter
[C] E. coli & Shigella
[D] Yersinia pestis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Yersinia pestis]
Notes:
Plague is a disease that affects humans and other mammals and is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.
17. Whooping cough is caused by which of the following?
[A] Bordetella pertussis
[B] Helicobacter pylori
[C] Yersinia pestis
[D] Treponema pallidum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Bordetella pertussis]
Notes:
Pertussis is a respiratory disease commonly known as whooping cough. It is a very contagious disease caused by a type of bacteria called Bordetella pertussis.
18. What are the gametes produced by meiosis called?
[A] Coenogametes
[B] Meiogametes
[C] Mitogametes
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Meiogametes]
Notes:
Coenogametes are gametes with multiple nuclei. Mitogametes are gametes produced by mitosis. The gametes produced by meiosis are called meiosis.
19. The patterns of arrangement of leaves on the stem are called__?
[A] phyllotaxy
[B] Phyllode
[C] Leaf Roots
[D] Scale Leaves
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [phyllotaxy]
Notes:
The pattern of arrangement of leaves on the stem is called phyllotaxy.
20. How are the nutrients absorbed by the plants?
[A] roots
[B] leaves
[C] flower
[D] buds
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [roots]
Notes:
Plants absorb nutrients through their roots. They transport their nutrients and water through the stem to the parts that are above ground level.