11. Why there are more anti-bacterial drugs than anti-viral drugs? (UPSC Prelims 1989)
[A] Bacterial diseases are intra-cellular
[B] Viral diseases are intra-cellular
[C] Virus is smaller than bacteria
[D] Drugs can penetrate bacteria more effectively
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Viral diseases are intra-cellular]
Notes:
Viruses infect all sorts of cells, from bacteria to human cells, but for the most part tend to be host specific. For example, the tobacco mosaic virus infects certain plants; the rabies virus infects only mammals; and the AIDS virus, HIV, infects only certain human blood cells.
12. Consider the following statements with reference to the human body:
- The common bile duct releases its contents into the stomach.
- The pancreatic duct releases its contents into the duodenum.
Which of the above statements is/are correct? (UPSC Prelims 2006)
[A] I only
[B] II only
[C] Both I and II
[D] Neither I nor II
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [II only]
Notes:
The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct both release their contents into the duodenum, not the stomach. The digestive enzyme (pancreatic juices) are released to the duodenum from the pancreatic duct.
13. Which of the following is studied in Ethnobotany?
[A] Practical use of plants by local culture and people
[B] Relations between Plants and peoples Behvaior
[C] Comparison of different plants in a particular area
[D] Study of relations of plants, animals and animals in an area
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Practical use of plants by local culture and people]
Notes:
Ethnobotany is the study of the plants of an area and their practical uses through the traditional knowledge of a local culture and people.
14. Robert Hooke is known for which of the following works?
[A] how messages pass between nerve cells in mammals
[B] first use of the word cell
[C] theory of punctuated equilibrium
[D] aquatic ape theory
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [first use of the word cell]
Notes:
Robert Hooke is known for his discovery of the law of elasticity (Hooke’s law), for his first use of the word cell in the sense of a basic unit of organisms, and for his studies of microscopic fossils, which made him an early proponent of a theory of evolution.
15. Which of the following contains an anticodon?
[A] tRNA
[B] mRNA
[C] rRNA
[D] DNA
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [tRNA]
Notes:
An anticodon is found at one end of the transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule. During protein synthesis, each time an amino acid is added to the growing protein. A tRNA forms base pairs with its complementary sequence on the mRNA molecule and ensures that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the protein.
16. In bryophytes and pteridophytes, male gametes are transported through which of the following?
[A] Air
[B] Water
[C] Birds
[D] Insects
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Water]
Notes:
In plants, water acts as the channel through which gamete transfer takes place.
17. Who is considered the “Father of Indian Bryology?
[A] Prof. K.C. Mehta
[B] Prof. D.D. Pant
[C] Prof. S.R. Kashyap
[D] Prof. P.N. Mehra
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Prof. S.R. Kashyap]
Notes:
Prof. S.R. Kashyap is considered the “Father of Indian Bryology” due to his research on Bryophyta especially from the Himalayan region.
18. What are the first plants that lived on land?
[A] Angiosperms
[B] Gymnosperms
[C] Bryophytes
[D] Pteridophytes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Bryophytes]
Notes:
Bryophytes are the first plants that lived on land.
19. What are the characteristics of Pteridophyta?
[A] They are cryptogams, seedless and vascular
[B] The plant body has true roots, stem and leaves
[C] Spores develop in sporangia
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Pteridophytes are considered the first plants to develop on land, they are cryptogams, seedless and vascular, the plant body has true roots, stems and leaves, spores develop into sporangia, sporangia in clusters on the sporophyll sex organs are multicellular.
20. Which plant tissue is the only tissue with the highest refractive index due to the presence of pectin?
[A] Sclerenchyma
[B] Collenchyma
[C] Parenchyma
[D] Laticiferous
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Collenchyma]
Notes:
Collenchyma tissue is the only tissue with the highest refractive index due to the presence of pectin.
