11. What is the tissue culture? (UPSC Prelims 1985)
[A] Preparation of fragments of the cells of organism for biochemical examination
[B] Japanese culture
[C] Name given to a special type of surgery
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Preparation of fragments of the cells of organism for biochemical examination]
Notes:
Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells in an artificial medium separate from the organism. Tissue culture commonly refers to the culture of animal cells and tissues, with the more specific term plant tissue culture being used for plants.
12. Through which of the following mechanisms genes control the activity of living organisms? (UPSC Prelims 1986)
[A] Photosynthesis
[B] Protein synthesis
[C] Vitamins
[D] Hormones
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Protein synthesis]
Notes:
The genes control the characteristic by making a specific protein. Genes are the segment of DNA that contains information to form RNA which ultimately forms protein. Each gene contains two alleles and this instructs the cell to make protein for expression of traits.
If the plant has gene for green seeds then it will make protein which will give green colour to seeds.
13. Which vitamin is also called as “Pantothenic acid”?
[A] Vitamin K
[B] Vitamin D
[C] Vitamin B3
[D] Vitamin B5
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Vitamin B5]
Notes:
Vitamin B5 is also called as Pantothenic acid and it was discovered by Roger J.Williams in 1933. Chemical formula for Vitamin B5 is C9H17NO5.
14. Which among the following is the method of growing plants in the absence of soil?
[A] Hydrology
[B] Hydrotectonics
[C] Hydroponics
[D] Hydrochronology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Hydroponics]
Notes:
The method of growing plants in the absence of soil is called as hydroponics. The required suppliments to the plants are supplied through the mineral nutrient solutions.
15. Pollination by which among the following is called as ornithophily?
[A] Rodents
[B] Aquatic animals
[C] Ants
[D] Birds
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Birds]
Notes:
Ornithophily refers to the pollination assisted by the birds. Ornithology is a branch of science which studies about birds. Dr. Salim Ali is a famous Indian ornithologist.
16. What does H denote in the popular term HIV ?
[A] Human
[B] Higher
[C] Hybrid
[D] NOTA
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Human]
Notes:
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are two species of lentivirus. It causes life-threatening disease of AIDS in humans and infects them. HIV is a sexually transmitted infection and occurs by contact with or transfer of blood, pre-ejaculate, semen, and vaginal fluids.
17. In the branch of biology, what is the transmission of paternal traits to progeny called?
[A] Genetics
[B] Heredity
[C] Gerontology
[D] Genetic Engineering
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Heredity]
Notes:
The transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring is called heredity, and can be inferred from inherited characteristics.
18. Who is called the father of Immunology?
[A] Gregor Mendel
[B] Edward Jenner
[C] Francis Galton
[D] Hugo de Vries
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Edward Jenner]
Notes:
Edward Jenner is an English surgeon and discoverer of smallpox vaccination. That’s why he is called the father of immunology.
19. Who is the father of Genetics?
[A] Gregor Mendel
[B] Thomas Hunt Morgan
[C] Francis Galton
[D] Krateuas
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Gregor Mendel]
Notes:
Gregor Mendel was a botanist, educator and Augustinian bishop who was the first to lay the mathematical foundations of the science of genetics, which came to be known as Mendelism.
20. How many bacterial cells are there in the human body?
[A] around 28 trillion
[B] around 38 trillion
[C] around 48 trillion
[D] around 58 trillion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [around 38 trillion]
Notes:
The number of bacterial cells inside the human body is approximately 38 trillion. This is very close to the estimated 30 trillion human cells in the body.
