11. Which of the following clearly define Lichens? (UPSC Prelims 1984)
[A] Algae and fungi
[B] Algae and virus
[C] Fungi and virus
[D] Virus and bacteria
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Algae and fungi]
Notes:
Lichen is not a single organism. Rather, it is a symbiosis between different organisms – a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium. Cyanobacteria are sometimes still referred to as blue-green algae.
12. “Athlete’s Foot” is a disease caused by which of the following microorganisms? (UPSC Prelims 2001)
[A] Bacteria
[B] Fungus
[C] Protozoan
[D] Nematode
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Fungus]
Notes:
It is a member of the group of diseases known as tinea. Athlete’s foot is caused by a number of different fungi, including species of Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum. The condition is typically acquired by coming into contact with infected skin, or fungus in the environment.
13. When one gene controls two or more different characters simultaneously, the phenomenon is known by which of the following names? (UPSC Prelims 2002)
[A] Apomixis
[B] Pleiotropy
[C] Polyploidy
[D] Polyteny
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Pleiotropy]
Notes:
• Polyploidy occurs in cells and organisms when there are more than two paired (homologous) set of chromosome founds which controls more than one characters simultaneously.
• Apomixis is the process of asexual reproduction in which the embryo grows from egg cells without being fertilized.
• Pleiotropy occurs when a single gene influences multiple phenotypic traits.
• Polytene is a giant chromosome found in some two-winged flies.
14. Which branch of biology is known for the scientific study of organic matter in living things?
[A] Photophysical
[B] Biochemistry
[C] Biotechnology
[D] Molecular Biology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Biochemistry]
Notes:
Biochemistry is the application of chemistry to the study of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level.
15. The branch of biology dealing with the study of fungi is known as__?
[A] Phycology
[B] Mycology
[C] Cytology
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mycology]
Notes:
Mycology is the branch of biology that deals with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties.
16. Lepidopterology is a branch of biology, which deals with the studies of which of the following?
[A] Lipids and fats
[B] Butterflies and moths
[C] Tongue
[D] Lakes and Ponds
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Butterflies and moths]
Notes:
Lepidopterology is a branch of entomology that deals with the scientific study of moths and three superfamilies of butterflies.
17. Which virus belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family?
[A] Hepatitis A virus
[B] Hepatitis B virus
[C] Hepatitis D virus
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Hepatitis B virus]
Notes:
Hepadnavirus B (hepatitis B virus, HBV) belongs to the genus Orthohepadnavirus of the Hepadnaviridae family. It is an important cause of viral hepatitis in humans worldwide.
18. It is the uppermost part or receptive end of the carpel in the gynoecium of a flower, what is it called?
[A] Stigma
[B] Style
[C] Ovary
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Stigma]
Notes:
Stigma is the uppermost part or receptive end of the carpel in the gynoecium of a flower. The stigma, style and ovary are collectively known as pistil.
19. What are the characteristics of sexual reproduction?
[A] Two parents are involved
[B] Gamete formation and fertilization take place
[C] The whole process is slow and lengthy
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
The characteristics of sexual reproduction are: Two parents are involved, Gamete formation and fertilization take place, the process is slow and lengthy and offspring are different from parents, genetically and physically.
20. Which of the following is not a type of fertilization?
[A] Porogamy
[B] Chalazogamy
[C] Mesogamy
[D] Gynogamy
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Gynogamy]
Notes:
Fertilization is a process of sexual reproduction, which is followed by pollination and germination. Porogamy, Chalazogamy, and Mesogamy are types of fertilization.
