11. Which among the options listed can be classified as a ‘living fossil’?
[A] Blue green algae
[B] Green algae
[C] Fungus
[D] Ginkgo
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Ginkgo]
Notes:
The term ‘living fossil’ represents the organisms that have survived major extinction events, with little evolutionary change for hundreds of millions of years. Ginkgo is one such example. Ginkgos are native to China and are virtually unchanged for over 200 million years. The water and pest resistant nature, coupled with an ability to cope with pollution, aids in their longevity. The plant is predominantly used for medicinal purposes, particularly in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
12. Endoscopy, a technique used to explore the stomach or other inner parts of the body is based on the which of the following phenomenon?
[A] Total internal reflection
[B] interference
[C] diffraction
[D] polarisation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Total internal reflection]
Notes:
Endoscopy, a technique used to explore the stomach or other inner parts of the body is based on total internal reflection. The endoscopy procedure uses an endoscope to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. Unlike many other medical imaging techniques, endoscopes are inserted directly into the organ. There are many types of endoscopes.
13. Which among the following is not a part of Vitamin B complex?
[A] Vitamin B2
[B] Vitamin B4
[C] Vitamin B6
[D] Vitamin B12
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin B4]
Notes:
Vitamin B complex consists of 8 vitamins namely B1(Thiamine), B2(Riboflavin), B3(Niacin), B5(Pantothenic acid), B6(Pyridoxine), B7(Biotin), B9(Folate/Folic acid) and B12(Cobalamin).
14. Which among the following is not a viral disease?
[A] Ebola
[B] HIV
[C] H1N1
[D] Tuberculosis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Tuberculosis]
Notes:
Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease where as the remaining three are viral diseases.
Extra info: India is working towards achieving TB free India by 2025.
Nikshay portal is associated with TB.
15. The science of taxonomy is related to which of the following?
[A] Plant Classification
[B] Animal Classification
[C] Microorgranism
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Plant Classification]
Notes:
The science of taxonomy is related to Plant Classification. Carl Linnaeus is the father of modern Taxonomy. Linnaeus, in his book System Naturae, has divided all living beings into two kingdoms – the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom.
16. Which of the following protects the body from infectious disease?
[A] Leukocytes
[B] Red Blood Cells
[C] Endoplasmic Reticulum
[D] Golgi Bodies
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Leukocytes]
Notes:
White blood cells (WBC), also called leukocytes or leukocytes. Immune system cells that help protect our body from infectious diseases.
17. Which virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae?
[A] Rubella virus
[B] Yellow fever virus
[C] Hepatitis C virus
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of these]
Notes:
Flaviviridae contains three genera which are Flavivirus, Hepacivirus, and Pestivirus. Flaviviruses have enveloped and spherical virions. The flavivirus genome consists of non-segmented single-stranded positive-sense RNA (ribonucleic acid).
18. Which virus belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family?
[A] Hepatitis A virus
[B] Hepatitis B virus
[C] Hepatitis D virus
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Hepatitis B virus]
Notes:
Hepadnavirus B (hepatitis B virus, HBV) belongs to the genus Orthohepadnavirus of the Hepadnaviridae family. It is an important cause of viral hepatitis in humans worldwide.
19. Which bacteria are helpful in the Nitrification Process?
[A] Acetobacter
[B] Nitrosococcus
[C] Campylobacter
[D] Actinomycetes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Nitrosococcus
]
Notes:
Nitrification is the process by which bacteria changes soil ammonia into nitrates. Nitrosococcus, Nitrosomonas, Nitrosospira etc. is the bacteria which is helpful in the Nitrification Process
20. Which of the following is a non-vascular endosperm?
[A] Thallophyta
[B] Bryophyta
[C] Pteridophyta
[D] All the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Bryophyta]
Notes:
Xylem and phloem are not found in Bryophyta, so they are called non-vascular embryophytes.
