11. In a majority of flowering plants, out of the four megaspores, what is the ratio of functional and degenerate megaspores?
[A] 2:2
[B] 1:3
[C] 4:1
[D] 3:1
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [1:3]
Notes:
At least one of the spores develop into haploid female gametophytes thus making the ratio of functional and degenerate megaspores is 1:3. Out of the four, three megaspores degenrate.
12. How many vocal cords are there in the human voice box?
[A] one
[B] Three
[C] Two
[D] Four
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Two]
Notes:
The vocal cords (also called vocal folds) are 2 bands of smooth muscle tissue found in the voice box (larynx). The larynx is set in the neck at the top of the windpipe (trachea). The vocal cords vibrate and air passes through the cords from the lungs to make the sound of your voice.
13. Rickets is caused due to the deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin D
[C] Vitamin C
[D] Low intake of proteins
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin D]
Notes:
Rickets is a skeletal disorder that’s caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. These nutrients are important for the development of strong, healthy bones. People with rickets may have weak and soft bones, stunted growth, and, in severe cases, skeletal deformities.
14. How the body temperature is maintained?
[A] Due to temperature regulating mechanism located in the base of the brain
[B] Due to excessive intake of water
[C] Due to regular intake of foods
[D] Due to the constant flow of blood in the capillaries
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Due to temperature regulating mechanism located in the base of the brain]
Notes:
The hypothalamus part of the brain works with other parts of the body’s temperature-regulating system, such as the skin, sweat glands and blood vessels. Water evaporating from the skin cools the body, keeping its temperature in a healthy range.
15. Poliomyelitis is an epidemic virus infection. Which of the following is responsible for it? (UPSC Prelims 1985)
[A] Rhabdo virus
[B] Entero virus
[C] Dengue virus
[D] Mumps virus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Entero virus]
Notes:
Poliovirus is known as the prototypical enterovirus. It can cause a subclinical or mild illness, aseptic meningitis, or paralytic poliomyelitis. It is a disease that has been eradicated in the United States and other developed countries. Coxsackie virus infection is the most common cause of viral heart disease.
16. Which of the following contained in Chlorophyll helps to absorb light? (UPSC Prelims 1989)
[A] Beryllium
[B] Calcium
[C] Magnesium
[D] Strontium
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Magnesium]
Notes:
As we all know, chlorophyll is one of the main pigments present in autotrophs. It contains carbon, nitogen, oxygen, hydrogen and lastly magnesium.
17. Which one of the following is a useful functional association between fungi and the roots of higher plants? (UPSC Prelims 1999)
[A] Biofertilizer
[B] Coralloid root
[C] Lichen
[D] Mycorrhiza
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Mycorrhiza]
Notes:
A mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant’s rhizosphere, its root system. Mycorrhizae play important roles in plant nutrition, soil biology and soil chemistry.
18. Which vitamins are abundant in cod liver oil?
[A] Vitamins A and C
[B] Vitamins A and D
[C] Vitamins E and K
[D] Vitamins B and C
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamins A and D]
Notes:
Cod liver oils from fish are rich in vitamins A and D and hence these are recommended for the chikdren to prevent the rickets(bone deformation).
19. Who is known as the ‘God of plants’?
[A] Soma
[B] Varuna
[C] Rudra
[D] Indra
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Soma]
Notes:
Soma is also known as the God of plants or the king of gods or the special god of the Brahmanas. All the hymns of the eleventh mandal are assigned to him. Aryans considered Himalaya as the source of the soma plant.
20. Branch of science dealing with the medicinal plants is known as__?
[A] Pharmacognosy
[B] Pharmacology
[C] Phenology
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Pharmacognosy]
Notes:
Pharmacognosy is the study of drugs or raw drugs produced from natural sources such as plants, microbes, and animals. It involves the analysis of their biological, chemical, biochemical and physical properties.
