Biology MCQs

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Pheochromocytoma, a rare, usually benign, tumor of the adrenal glands resulting in the glands secreting excessive amounts of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline (catecholamines). This causes variable symptoms such as high blood pressure, sweating, etc.

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Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. An example of RNA is a chain of cells that carries genetic information of many viruses from the cell to the cytoplasm.

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The full form of DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the development and function of all living organisms and some viruses. It is a double-stranded, helical molecule made up of nucleotide units, each of which contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine). The sequence of these bases determines the genetic information that is stored in DNA, and this information is passed down from one generation to the next through the process of reproduction.

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DPT is a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus and killed whole cells of the bacterium that causes pertussis. Diptheria is a highly contagious bacterial infection typically affecting the throat and tonsils with the formation of a thick grey membrane over those areas.   Tetanus is bacteria which lives in soil and contaminates wounds, where it produces a powerful toxin, the toxin attacks the nervous system causing increasing muscle spasm and rigidity. Whooping Cough is one of the most contagious bacterial infections known. Beginning with a runny nose and sore throat, it progresses to a severe spasmodic cough which persists for around 3 months.

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Test tube baby is a term that refers to a child that is conceived outside the women’s body by a scientific process known as In-Vitro fertilization or IVF treatment. This entire process is done in a laboratory. In this process the eggs are taken from the mother’s ovary and fertilised by the sperms from the father.
Then the fertilized eggs are cultured for two to six days and allowed to be divided two to four times inside a test tube, thus the name test tube baby. These eggs are then implanted back into the uterus of a mother where it can develop normally. This is done with the sole intention for establishing and ensuring a successful pregnancy.

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Ethnobotany is the study of the plants of an area and their practical uses through the traditional knowledge of a local culture and people.

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Parazoology is the branch of zoology that deals with the study of parazoa, primitive multicellular animals that lack true tissues and organs. It encompasses the study of Porifera (sponges), one of the most primitive animal phyla that date back to the Precambian era over 600 million years ago.

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Bacteria comes under Monera kingdom, Mushroom and Mucor are part of Fungi.

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Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

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Glycine is the simplest amino acid. It contains a single hydrogen atom as a side chain. It is also a type of proteinogenic amino acid.