11. What was “Albert Szent-Gyorgyi” famous for?
[A] As a Hungarian biochemist
[B] As a Hungarian physicist
[C] As a Hungarian mathematician
[D] As a Hungarian novelist
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [As a Hungarian biochemist ]
Notes:
Albert Szent-Gyorgyi was a Hungarian biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937. He is credited with first isolating vitamin C and discovering the components and reactions of the citric acid cycle. He was also active in the Hungarian Resistance during World War II and entered Hungarian politics after the war.
12. Phaeophyceae is commonly known as which of the following algae?
[A] Green Algae
[B] Brown Algae
[C] Red Algae
[D] Blue Algae
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Brown Algae]
Notes:
Brown algae, which include the class Phaeophyceae, are a large group of multicellular algae, which includes many seaweeds located in cold waters within the Northern Hemisphere. Brown algae are the major seaweeds of temperate and polar regions.
13. Which is known as mitoplast?
[A] another name for mitochondria
[B] mitochondria without outer membrane
[C] mitochondria without inner membrane
[D] mitochondria without membranes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [mitochondria without outer membrane]
Notes:
Mitochondria without an outer membrane are called mitoplasts. Mitoplasts are useful for electrophysiological analysis of mitochondrial function.
14. Name the signal that helps the protein to move in or out of the nucleus?
[A] Notch signal
[B] Paracrine signal
[C] Nuclear localization signal
[D] Chemical signals
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Nuclear localization signal]
Notes:
Nuclear localization signals are also known as nuclear-export signals. It helps in importing and exporting proteins into the nucleus through nuclear pores. These signals are the sequence of specific amino acids present on the protein.
15. What is the approximate number of specific cells in the human body?
[A] 200 types
[B] 300 types
[C] 250 types
[D] 150 types
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [200 types]
Notes:
Scientists estimate that the human body contains around 37 trillion cells and 200 different cell types. This includes 50 billion fat cells and 2 billion heart muscle cells. The number of bacterial cells inside a human body is around 38 trillion. This is much closer to the estimated 30 trillion human cells in the body.
Scientists used data reported by others about individual organs and some mathematical modeling to obtain their results.
16. Viruses are usually divided into several large groups based mainly on?
[A] nature of the host
[B] nucleic acid characteristics
[C] capsid symmetry
[D] diameter of the viroin or nucleocapsid
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [nature of the host]
Notes:
Viruses are usually divided into several large groups based mainly on nature of the host. A virus is an infectious agent of small size and simple structure that can multiply only in living cells of animals, plants or bacteria.
17. A protein that binds to operators or stoperators within prophage to prevent transcription of lytic genes is called__?
[A] immunity repressor
[B] immunity operon
[C] operon repressor
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [immunity repressor]
Notes:
A protein that binds to operators or stoperators within prophage to prevent transcription of lytic genes is called immunity repressor.
18. What is an evolutionary important character of Selaginella?
[A] Strobili
[B] Rhizophore
[C] Heterosporous nature
[D] Ligule
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Heterosporous nature]
Notes:
The evolutionary important character of Selaginella is the heterogametic nature. Selaginella produces two types of spores, microspores and megaspores and in heterospory, the life cycle of Selaginella leads to seed habit formation.
19. Which of the following is true about the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria?
[A] It consists of multiple layers
[B] It is thicker than that associated with gram-negative bacteria
[C] It contains teichoic acids
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of these]
Notes:
The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria are: consists of multiple layers, thicker than that associated with gram-negative bacteria and contains teichoic acids.
20. Fungi that get their food directly from dead organic matter are called?
[A] Predators
[B] Decomposers
[C] Mutualists
[D] Parasitic fungi
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Decomposers]
Notes:
Fungi that get their food directly from dead organic matter are called Decomposers.
