11. Why does running up stairs make a person feel more tired than walking?
[A] He does more work when running than walking
[B] His power output is greater when running than walking
[C] His gravitational force is greater when running
[D] He has more inertia when running than walking
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [His power output is greater when running than walking]
Notes:
Running up stairs requires the same work but in less time, increasing power output. Higher power leads to more rapid energy use, causing greater fatigue. Work (energy) is force times distance, but power is work divided by time, which is higher when running.
12. The cells of all living biological matter are made of four major elements. The elements are:
[A] Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Phosphorous
[B] Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
[C] Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Sulphur
[D] Sodium, Chlorine, Potassium and Magnesium
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen]
Notes:
The four major elements are Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen.
13. Which of the following is present in prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic cells?
[A] Mitochondria
[B] Golgi Bodies
[C] Lysosomes
[D] Ribosomes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ Ribosomes]
Notes:
Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Golgi Bodies, Lysosomes, Endoplasmic reticulum and Peroxisomes are absent in prokaryotic cells. Ribosomes are smaller in prokaryotic cells and larger in eukaryotic cells.
14. ‘Ophiology’ is the study of which of the following animals?
[A] Moths and Butterflies
[B] Snakes
[C] Whales
[D] Ants
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Snakes]
Notes:
Ophiology is the branch of Biology that study Snakes. Thus Option [B] is correct. While the study of Moths and Butterflies is called as Lepidoteriology, The study of whale is called as Cetology and the study of Ants is called as Myrmecology.
15. In which of the following part of the cell does the pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy?
[A] Mitochondria
[B] Chloroplast
[C] Nucleus
[D] Cytoplasm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mitochondria]
Notes:
In Mitochondria, pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy.
16. Which of the following is the reason behind bleeding through nose in high mountain regions? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] The pressure of the blood capillaries is higher than the outside pressure
[B] The pressure at high altitudes is greater than that in the plains
[C] The blood pressure increases at high altitudes
[D] The blood pressure decreases at high altitudes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [The pressure of the blood capillaries is higher than the outside pressure]
Notes:
As altitude increases, the availability of oxygen decreases, making the air thinner and drier. Dry climates can cause drying and cracking inside the nose, which can lead to a nosebleed. The climate inside nose gets drier. This makes the blood vessels exposed inside your nose more likely to burst there than at lower altitudes.
17. Which of the following is the reason behind when one enters a dark room; he is not able to see anything but after some time his vision improves? (UPSC Prelims 1983)
[A] The retina of the eye comes forward
[B] The retina of the eye moves backward
[C] The pupil of the eye contracts
[D] The pupil of the eye dilates
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [The pupil of the eye dilates]
Notes:
Our eyes cannot see everything clearly when we enter a dark room from a bright light. This is due to the reason that in dark room the pupil is large so when we come out in bright light, a large amount of light enters our eyes and we feel glare.
18. Which of the following is the major component of honey? (UPSC Prelims 1997)
[A] Glucose
[B] sucrose
[C] maltose
[D] fructose
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [fructose]
Notes:
Fructose comprises the major portion of honey – about 82%. The carbohydrates present are the monosaccharides fructose (38.2%) and glucose (31%); and disaccharides (~9%) sucrose, maltose, isomaltose, maltulose, turanose and kojibiose.
19. Which of the following are correctly matched pairs?
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants – Lucknow
- Centre for DNA Finger Printing and Diagnostics – Hyderabad
- Institute of Microbial Technology – Chandigarh
- National Institute of Immunology – New Delhi
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
(UPSC Prelims 2001)
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
The Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP) is located in Lucknow, the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD) is situated in Hyderabad, the Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH) is based in Chandigarh, and the National Institute of Immunology (NII) is in New Delhi. Each of these pairs is correctly matched with their respective locations. Hence, option [D] is the correct answer as all given pairs are correctly matched.
20. Which of the following causes chloroplasts to be green?
[A] because they contain the pigment cobalt
[B] because they contain the pigment chlorophyll
[C] because they contain the pigment carotenoids
[D] because they contain the pigment betacyanins
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [because they contain the pigment chlorophyll]
Notes:
Chloroplasts are green because they contain the pigment chlorophyll, which is important for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll occurs in many different forms. Chlorophyll a and b are the major pigments of higher plants and green algae.
