11. Which organ is associated with the production of insulin in the human body?
[A] Pancreas
[B] Liver
[C] Kidney
[D] Heart
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Pancreas]
Notes:
Insulin is a hormone made by an organ located behind the stomach called the pancreas. It allows body to use sugar from carbohydrates in the food. Insulin helps keep blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia).
12. Which among the following acts as a resistance against disease in the body? (UPSC Prelims 1982)
[A] Vitamins
[B] Carbohydrates
[C] Red Corpuscles
[D] White Corpuscles
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [White Corpuscles]
Notes:
White blood cells help you fight infection. When one gets sick, white blood cell count is higher than normal. This is because your body is releasing more of these cells to fight the infection.
13. Which vitamin is also called as “Pantothenic acid”?
[A] Vitamin K
[B] Vitamin D
[C] Vitamin B3
[D] Vitamin B5
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Vitamin B5]
Notes:
Vitamin B5 is also called as Pantothenic acid and it was discovered by Roger J.Williams in 1933. Chemical formula for Vitamin B5 is C9H17NO5.
14. Which vitamin is also called as “Folic acid”?
[A] Vitamin B3
[B] Vitamin B6
[C] Vitamin B9
[D] Vitamin B12
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Vitamin B9]
Notes:
Vitamin B9 is also called as the folic acid. Folic acid is converted into folate in the human body. Folate is essential for making DNA and RNA.
Extra info: Folic acid /B9 is recommended to the pregnants to reduce the risk of Neural Tube Defects in the foetus.
15. Which branch of biology is known for the study of cells?
[A] Cytology
[B] Bacteriology
[C] Bryology
[D] Mycology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Cytology]
Notes:
The study of cell or cell biology is called cytology. The initial phase of cytology began with the English scientist Robert Hooke’s microscopic examination of cork in 1665. He observed dead cork cells and introduced the word “cell” to describe them.
16. Which one of the following is an example of a phospholipid?
[A] Steroid
[B] Cholesterol
[C] Lecithin
[D] Sterol
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Lecithin]
Notes:
Lecithin is a mixture of brown and yellow colored phospholipids that contain glycerol. It also acts as an emulsifier in many types of food.
17. Viruses reproduce in living cells by__?
[A] replication
[B] duplication
[C] multiplication
[D] all of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [replication]
Notes:
DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.
18. Which of the following is a compound leaf having an axis on either side of the midrib?
[A] Imparipinnate
[B] Unipinnate
[C] Bipinnate
[D] Pinnate
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Pinnate]
Notes:
Pinnate is a compound leaf having an axis on either side of the midrib.
19. What is the cork cambium, cork cell, and phelloderm collectively called?
[A] periderm
[B] lenticels
[C] abscission
[D] cytokinin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [periderm]
Notes:
The cork cambium, cork cell and phylloderm are collectively called the periderm. The periderm substitutes for the epidermis in mature plants.
20. What are the features of Phylum Mollusca?
[A] Less segmented body
[B] Typically, open circulatory system
[C] Limbs are present
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Phylum Mollusca is a large group of animals. They have a bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic, Less segmented body, well-developed organ and organ system, typically, open circulatory system and Limbs are present.
