11. What is PRINT (Particle Replication in Non-wetting Templates) Technology ?
[A] It’s a technology related to genetic engineering and refers to duplication of the DNA codes
[B] It’s a technology related to climate change and refers to a new technique of combating air pollution
[C] It’s a new technology related to synthesis of artificial blood
[D] None of them
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [It’s a new technology related to synthesis of artificial blood]
Notes:
PRINT (Particle Replication in Non-wetting Templates) Technology is a new technology related to synthesis of artificial blood. PRINT method has been widely applied onto material sciences, drug delivery, electronic devices, optics, etc.
12. Late Hargobind Khorana had received Nobel Prize in physiology in 1968, for work on which among the following?
[A] Mechanisms of the action of hormones
[B] Chemical Structure of antibodies
[C] Interpretation of the genetic code
[D] Structural and functional organization of the cell
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Interpretation of the genetic code]
Notes:
Late Hargobind Khorana had received Nobel Prize in physiology in 1968, for work on interpretation of the genetic code. Har Gobind Khorana was an Indian American biochemist.
13. White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging disease among which of the following fauna?
[A] Bats
[B] Snow leopard
[C] Bumblebee
[D] Forest owlet
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ Bats]
Notes:
White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emergent disease of hibernating bats that has spread from the north-eastern to the central United States at an alarming rate.
14. Which of the following terms denotes the transpiration through leaves?
[A] Cauline transpiration
[B] Foliar transpiration
[C] Cuticular transpiration
[D] Lenticular transpiration
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Foliar transpiration]
Notes:
the transpiration which takes place through the leaves is called foliar transpiration. The foliar transpiration may be stomata’ transpiration or cuticular transpiration.
15. BT Seed is associated with which among the following?
[A] Rice
[B] Wheat
[C] Cotton
[D] Oil Seeds
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Cotton]
Notes:
The cotton incorporated the cry1Ac gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), making the cotton toxic to bollworms. It is a cheaper alternative to Bt cotton hybrid seed.
16. Plant tissues are of how many types?
[A] 3
[B] 2
[C] 5
[D] 6
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [3]
Notes:
Plants have only three tissue types: 1) Dermal; 2) Ground; and 3) Vascular. These tissues can be simple, consisting of a single cell type, or complex, consisting of more than one cell type.
17. Which one of the following is a fast growing tree? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] Teak
[B] Eucalyptus
[C] Banyan
[D] Coconut
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Eucalyptus]
Notes:
Eucalyptus is the fast growing tree. Most eucalyptus species have a root depth of 1.5-2.0 metre and its root system is more specifically adapted to using rain-fed soil moisture from the upper soil profile, rather than from the groundwater table at considerable depth. The plant is significant for wood availability, livelihood generation and carbon sequestration that address the challenges of global warming and climate change.
18. Which of the following define Biofilms? (UPSC Prelims 1993)
[A] Colour films used by biologists to photograph living organisms
[B] photomicrographs of microorganisms from various habitats
[C] accumulations of microorganisms at surfaces such as those of a rock, a tooth or an oil droplet
[D] photographic films made through fermentation processes of certain industrial microorganisms
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [accumulations of microorganisms at surfaces such as those of a rock, a tooth or an oil droplet]
Notes:
A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. These adherent cells become embedded within a slimy extracellular matrix that is composed of extracellular polymeric substances. Microorganisms that form biofilms include bacteria, fungi and protists. One common example of a biofilm dental plaque, a slimy buildup of bacteria that forms on the surfaces of teeth.
19. Match List I and List II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists:
|
List I
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List II
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I. Malaria
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(A) Bone marrow
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II. Filaria
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(B) Brain
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III. Encephalitis
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(C) Muscle
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IV. Leukaemia
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(D) Lymph node
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|
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(E) Blood cells
|
Codes: (UPSC Prelims 1997)
[A] I-E, II-C, III-B, IV-A
[B] I-E, II-D, III-B, IV-A
[C] I-D, II-C, III-E, IV-A
[D] I-E, II-D, III-A, IV-B
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [I-E, II-D, III-B, IV-A]
Notes:
• Invasion by the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, brings about extensive changes in the host red cells. Numerous proteins secreted by the internalized parasite and interacting with red cell membrane proteins are responsible for the changes occurring to the host cell.
• Lymphatic filariasis is caused by the worms Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. These worms occupy the lymphatic system, including the lymph nodes; in chronic cases these worms lead to the syndrome of elephantiasis. These worms occupy the subcutaneous layer of the skin, in the fat layer.
• Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain usually resulting from either a viral infection or due to the body’s own immune system mistakenly attacking brain tissue.
• Leukaemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue, usually the bone marrow. It leads to the over-production of abnormal white blood cells, the part of the immune system which defends the body against infection.
20. Which among the following is not a fat soluble vitamin?
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin B
[C] Vitamin K
[D] Vitamin D
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin B]
Notes:
Vitamins are classified into two broad categories, water soluble (vitamins B complex and C) and fat soluble (vitamins A,D,E and K).
Extra info: Excess intake of fat soluble vitamins leads to toxicity and poses greater risk.
