11. Oxygen transportation in a human body takes place through
I. Blood
II. Lungs
III. Tissue
The correct sequence of transportation is (UPSC Prelims 1997)
[A] I, II, III
[B] III, I, II
[C] II, I, III
[D] I, III, II
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [II, I, III]
Notes:
The lungs serve to exchange the two gases in the blood. Oxygen enters the blood from the lungs and carbon dioxide is expelled out of the blood into the lungs. The blood serves to transport both gases. Oxygen is carried to the cells and tissues.
12. Which part of the human body is affected by Alziemer’s disease?
[A] Brain
[B] Lungs
[C] Heart
[D] Kidneys
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Brain]
Notes:
Alziemer’s is a disease which attacks the neural system, It results in continuous decline in the number brain cells which leads to loss of memory.
13. Which is the largest muscle in the human body?
[A] Gluteus maximus
[B] Biceps brachii
[C] Masseter
[D] Pectorlis major
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Gluteus maximus]
Notes:
Gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the human body located at the lower back, it is also called as the buttocks.
14. Which of the following branch of biology deals with management of farms and the science of crop production?
[A] Agrostology
[B] Agaronomy
[C] Agroinformatics
[D] Agronomy
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Agronomy]
Notes:
Agronomy is the branch of biology that deals with the management of farms and the science of crop production.
15. Which of the following possesses the characteristics of both plants and animals?
[A] Azolla
[B] Lycopodium
[C] Euglena
[D] Sphagnum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Euglena
]
Notes:
Euglena is an example of the Protista kingdom and has both plant and animal characteristics.
16. What is the approximate number of specific cells in the human body?
[A] 200 types
[B] 300 types
[C] 250 types
[D] 150 types
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [200 types]
Notes:
Scientists estimate that the human body contains around 37 trillion cells and 200 different cell types. This includes 50 billion fat cells and 2 billion heart muscle cells. The number of bacterial cells inside a human body is around 38 trillion. This is much closer to the estimated 30 trillion human cells in the body.
Scientists used data reported by others about individual organs and some mathematical modeling to obtain their results.
17. Who among the following discovered the cell wall?
[A] Robert Hooke
[B] Boveri
[C] J Rhodin
[D] Van Beneden
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Robert Hooke]
Notes:
A plant cell wall was first observed and named by Robert Hooke in 1665.
18. Which one of the following is an example of a phospholipid?
[A] Steroid
[B] Cholesterol
[C] Lecithin
[D] Sterol
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Lecithin]
Notes:
Lecithin is a mixture of brown and yellow colored phospholipids that contain glycerol. It also acts as an emulsifier in many types of food.
19. Viral nucleocapsid is a combination of __?
[A] genome and capsid
[B] capsid and spikes
[C] envelope and capsid
[D] capsomere and genome
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [genome and capsid]
Notes:
Viral nucleocapsid is a combination of genome and capsid. A virus is made up of a DNA or RNA genome inside a protein shell called a capsid.
20. Conifers can tolerate extreme environments because of__?
[A] Presence of vessels
[B] Thick cuticle
[C] Superficial stomata
[D] Broad hardy leaves
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Thick cuticle]
Notes:
Conifers (gymnosperms) are adapted to tolerate extreme environmental conditions due to their dense cuticle, sunken stomata and needle-like leaves.
