11. “Athlete’s Foot” is a disease caused by which of the following microorganisms? (UPSC Prelims 2001)
[A] Bacteria
[B] Fungus
[C] Protozoan
[D] Nematode
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Fungus]
Notes:
It is a member of the group of diseases known as tinea. Athlete’s foot is caused by a number of different fungi, including species of Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum. The condition is typically acquired by coming into contact with infected skin, or fungus in the environment.
12. Which one of the following is monogamous? (UPSC Prelims 2002)
[A] Wolf
[B] Walrus
[C] Seal
[D] Deer
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Wolf]
Notes:
Wolf alpha pairs are usually monogamous with each other, but alpha males have been known to stray with other pack members, especially if they are closely related. Among red foxes, long considered extremely loyal, mate switching has also been shown.
13. Which of the following protects the body from infectious disease?
[A] Leukocytes
[B] Red Blood Cells
[C] Endoplasmic Reticulum
[D] Golgi Bodies
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Leukocytes]
Notes:
White blood cells (WBC), also called leukocytes or leukocytes. Immune system cells that help protect our body from infectious diseases.
14. Which of the following is milk sugar?
[A] Glucose
[B] Maltose
[C] Fructose
[D] Lactose
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Lactose]
Notes:
Lactose is known as milk sugar, and it is found in the milk of many mammals including humans and cows. Lactose is a disaccharide consisting of one unit of galactose and one unit of glucose.
15. Which of the following viruses shows the transformation of infected cells?
[A] Hepatitis B virus
[B] Human T cell lymphotronic virus type I
[C] Epstein-Barr virus
[D] All of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of these]
Notes:
Hepatitis B virus, Human T cell lymphotronic virus type I and Epstein-Barr virus are the viruses shows the transformation of infected cells.
16. Virus size is usually measured by__?
[A] centimeters
[B] micrometers
[C] nanometers
[D] millimeters
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [nanometers]
Notes:
Virus size is usually measured by nanometers. Most viruses vary in diameter from 20 nanometers (nm; 0.0000008 in) to 250–400 nm. The largest viruses have a diameter of about 500 nm and a length of about 700–1,000 nm.
17. What are the gametes produced by meiosis called?
[A] Coenogametes
[B] Meiogametes
[C] Mitogametes
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Meiogametes]
Notes:
Coenogametes are gametes with multiple nuclei. Mitogametes are gametes produced by mitosis. The gametes produced by meiosis are called meiosis.
18. Which of the following is a calyx?
[A] the second whorl of a flower
[B] the third whorl of the flower
[C] the outermost whorl of a flower
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [the outermost whorl of a flower]
Notes:
The calyx is the outermost whorl of a flower, consisting of sepals, small leaves present at the base of the flower. These protect the flowering clump against mechanical injury and drying. The calyx in some plants is colored sepals called petaloid.
19. Where is the phloem located?
[A] outer side of the vascular bundle.
[B] centre of the vascular bundle
[C] marginal regions of leaves and stems
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [outer side of the vascular bundle.]
Notes:
The xylem is located towards the adaxial surface of the leaf, whereas the phloem is located towards the axial surface of the leaf.
20. What is the role of indole acetic acid in plant growth?
[A] cell division and elongation
[B] tissue differentiation
[C] apical dominance
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Indole acetic acid is the main auxin in plants that regulates growth and development processes such as cell division and elongation, tissue differentiation, apical dominance, and responses to light, gravity, and pathogens.
