11. RBCs are formed in which of the following in the adults?
[A] black bone marrow
[B] white bone marrow
[C] red bone marrow
[D] blue bone marrow
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [red bone marrow]
Notes:
There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow (also known as myeloid tissue) and yellow marrow. Red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells arise in red marrow; some white blood cells develop in yellow marrow.
12. Which of the following inferences can be drawn from the following statements?
A well balanced nutritious diet is essential for good athletes. This means (UPSC Prelims 1986)
[A] Bad athletes are having under-nutritious food
[B] Well-balanced diet produces good athletes
[C] Athletes should take nutritious food
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Athletes should take nutritious food]
Notes:
Physical health is crucial for athletes and so is nutrition. We must take special care to get enough of the calories, vitamins. The amount of food you need depends on your age, height, weight, and sport or activity level. To keep their bodies performing optimally, endurance athletes should be familiar with these 10 important nutrients. The first seven essential supplements are the minerals calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, selenium, sodium and zinc. Their benefits range from keeping bones strong to minimizing fatigue.
13. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
|
List I
|
List II
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A. Islets of Langerhans
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1. Calcitonin
|
|
B. Pituitary gland
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2. Epinephrine
|
|
C. Thyroid gland
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3. Growth hormone
|
|
D. Adrenal gland
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4. Insulin
|
Codes:
A B C D (UPSC Prelims 1995)
[A] 4 3 2 1
[B] 4 3 1 2
[C] 3 4 1 2
[D] 3 2 4 1
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [4 3 1 2]
Notes:
• The islets of Langerhans are a cluster of cells within the pancreas that are responsible for the production and release of hormones that regulate glucose levels.
• Growth hormone is also called somatotropin or human growth hormone, peptide hormone. It is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It stimulates the growth of essentially all tissues of the body, including bone.
• Calcitonin is a hormone that is produced in humans by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin is involved in helping to regulate levels of calcium and phosphate in the blood, opposing the action of parathyroid hormone.
• Hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla are Epinephrine. Most people know epinephrine by its other name—adrenaline. This hormone rapidly responds to stress by increasing your heart rate and rushing blood to the muscles and brain.
14. Which is the world’s smallest bird?
[A] Red-cheeked Cordon-Bleu
[B] Costa’s Hummingbird
[C] Bee Hummingbird
[D] Goldcrest
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Bee Hummingbird]
Notes:
Bee Hummingbird is the smallest bird in the world. It is only 2 to 2.4 inches long and weighs 0.056 to 0.071 ounces. This bird is also known as zunzuncito or Helena Hummingbird. This bird is native to Cuba. It is endemic to the entire Cuban archipelago. It is “Nearly Threatened” bird species according to IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
15. Traumatology is related to which of the following statement?
[A] Study of hair
[B] Study of skates and rays
[C] Study of wounds and turnover
[D] Study of nutrition
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Study of wounds and turnover]
Notes:
Traumatology is the study of wounds and injuries caused to a person by accidents or violence, and the surgery and repair of damage.
16. Which of the following protects the body from infectious disease?
[A] Leukocytes
[B] Red Blood Cells
[C] Endoplasmic Reticulum
[D] Golgi Bodies
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Leukocytes]
Notes:
White blood cells (WBC), also called leukocytes or leukocytes. Immune system cells that help protect our body from infectious diseases.
17. Which of the following is a common feature of protonema of multicellular fungi, filamentous algae, and mosses?
[A] way of nutrition
[B] diplomatic life cycle
[C] multiply by fragmentation
[D] members of the plant kingdom
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [multiply by fragmentation]
Notes:
The protonema of multicellular fungi, filamentous algae and mosses all show multiplication by fragmentation.
18. Which bacteria do not have a cell wall and are therefore resistant to penicillin?
[A] Cyanobacteria
[B] Mycoplasmas
[C] Bdellovibrios
[D] Spirochetes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mycoplasmas]
Notes:
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that do not have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane.
19. What is the botanical name of sea palm?
[A] Polysiphonia
[B] Postelsia
[C] Ectocarpus
[D] Macrocystis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Postelsia]
Notes:
Postelsia piriformis is also known as sea palm or palm seaweed. It is a genus of kelp and is classified within the brown algae.
20. Which of the following is a parasitic alga?
[A] Vaucheria
[B] Polysiphonia
[C] Cephaleuros
[D] Batrachospermum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Cephaleuros]
Notes:
Cephaleuros is a genus of parasitic thalloid green algae. It includes about 14 species. Its common name is red rust.
