11. The major difference between cartilage and bone is that:
[A] While Bone is a part of skeletal system, cartilage is a part of some other system
[B] While bone is made of collagen and calcium salts, cartilage is made of only collagen
[C] While bones have blood vessels, Cartilage have no blood vessels
[D] All of the above statements are correct
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ While bones have blood vessels, Cartilage have no blood vessels]
Notes:
Bones have blood vessels, but cartilage does not. Bones have a network of blood vessels that deliver oxygen and nutrients to the bone marrow. Cartilage is avascular, meaning it doesn’t have blood vessels. Instead, cartilage relies on diffusion to get nutrients from the surrounding environment. Because of this, cartilage heals more slowly than bone.
Cartilage is made up of chondrocyte cells that produce a matrix of collagen, proteoglycan, and elastin fibers. Cartilage is found in the joints, rib cage, ear, nose, throat, and between vertebral disks.
12. Which blood group is universal acceptor?
[A] O+
[B] AB+
[C] AB-
[D] O-
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [AB+]
Notes:
AB +ve is the universal acceptor blood group or the universal receptors. Because AB+ individuals have all of the possible antigens and therefore are the universal acceptors as their immune system is used to seeing each of the antigens.
13. Which of the following disease is non-communicable in nature?
[A] Tuberculosis
[B] Chicken-pox
[C] Cholera
[D] Cancer
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Cancer]
Notes:
A noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition or disease that is by definition non-infectious and non-transmissible among people. Eg. Cancer which is also called malignancy, is an abnormal growth of cells.
14. Which of the following is the name given to the Inspection and dissection of a body after death in human beings as for determination of cause of death? (UPSC Prelims 1988)
[A] Autopsy
[B] Autotomy
[C] Autoesism
[D] Autograft
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Autopsy]
Notes:
An autopsy is a surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause, mode and manner of death or to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present for research or educational purposes.
15. Which vitamin deficiency leads to Scurvy?
[A] Vitamin B3
[B] Vitamin C
[C] Vitamin K
[D] Vitamin B9
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin C]
Notes:
Vitamin C deficiency leads to scurvy. Symptoms of scurvy include gum bleeding, loose teeth, bulge in eyes.
16. Who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus?
[A] Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
[B] Luc Montagnier
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in 2008.
17. Which of the following is involved in the synthesis of phospholipids?
[A] Mitochondria
[B] Cytoplasm
[C] Endoplasmic Reticulum
[D] Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum]
Notes:
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum serves as part of many metabolic processes. It synthesizes lipids, phospholipids on the plasma membrane and steroids.
18. Where are glycolipids located in the plasma membrane?
[A] Inner leaflet of the plasma membrane
[B] The outer leaflet of the plasma membrane
[C] evenly distributed in inner and outer leaflets
[D] It varies by cell type
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [The outer leaflet of the plasma membrane]
Notes:
Glycolipids are found in the outermost leaflet of the plasma membrane, their carbohydrate portions visible on the cell surface.
19. What is a motile flagellated asexual cell called?
[A] Sperm
[B] Zoospore
[C] Oospore
[D] Androspore
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Zoospore]
Notes:
A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses the flagellum for locomotion. These are also called swarm spores.
20. The condition of flowers in which all the filaments of the stamens join into a single bundle to form a tube-like structure but the anthers remain free is called__?
[A] Epipetalous
[B] Monadelphous
[C] Staminode
[D] Epiphyllous
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Monadelphous]
Notes:
The condition of flowers in which all the filaments of the stamens join into a single bundle to form a tube-like structure but the anthers remain free is called Monadelphous.
