11. Which among the following is the smallest endocrine gland in the human body?
[A] Pineal gland
[B] Pancreas
[C] Hypothalamus
[D] Liver
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Pineal gland]
Notes:
Pineal gland which is located in brain’s midline is the smallest of all the endocrine glands. Melatonin harmone is secreted by the pineal gland.
12. Which vitamins are abundant in cod liver oil?
[A] Vitamins A and C
[B] Vitamins A and D
[C] Vitamins E and K
[D] Vitamins B and C
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamins A and D]
Notes:
Cod liver oils from fish are rich in vitamins A and D and hence these are recommended for the chikdren to prevent the rickets(bone deformation).
13. Hugo de Vries is related to which of the following theory of biology?
[A] aquatic ape theory
[B] modern anatomy
[C] Mutation Theory
[D] theory of evolution
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Mutation Theory]
Notes:
Hugo de Vries is a Dutch botanist and geneticist who pioneered the experimental study of biological evolution. His rediscovery of Gregor Mendel’s principles of heredity and his theory of biological mutation in 1900.
14. Which of the following algae is used to make iodine?
[A] Macrocystis
[B] Surgassum
[C] Synechococcus
[D] Anabina
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Macrocystis]
Notes:
Laeminaria and Macrocystis are algae used in Iodine making. Anabina is used as a biofertilizer.
15. Which of the following comprise plant decomposers?
[A] Monera and fungi
[B] Plantae and fungi
[C] Monera and Animalia
[D] Animalia and Protista
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Monera and fungi]
Notes:
Decomposers are a type of bacteria and fungi that break down dead and decaying organic matter into simpler things like carbon dioxide, water, simple sugars and mineral salts, and return nutrients to the soil.
16. How do small molecules pass through the outer membrane of mitochondria?
[A] Carrier protein
[B] Channels
[C] Porins
[D] ATP pump
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Porins]
Notes:
The outer membrane is a relatively simple phospholipid bilayer made up of protein structures called porins. This makes it permeable to molecules of about 10 kilodaltons or less.
17. Where is teichoic acid commonly found?
[A] cell walls of gram positive bacteria
[B] outer membranes of gram positive bacteria
[C] cell walls of gram negative bacteria
[D] outer membranes of gram negative bacteria
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [cell walls of gram positive bacteria]
Notes:
Teichoic acid is found within the cell wall of most Gram-positive bacteria. It appears to extend to the surface of the peptidoglycan layer, and species in the genera Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Clostridium, Corynebacterium and Listeria.
18. The sporophytic and gametophytic stages are independent in__?
[A] Bryophytes
[B] Pteridophytes
[C] Phaeophytes
[D] Gymnosperms
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Pteridophytes]
Notes:
Pteridophytes show alternation of generations, in which they exhibit a dominant sporophytic generation with an inconspicuous gametophytic generation. The sporophyte is differentiated into root, stem and leaves whereas, the small and inconspicuous gametophyte is independent and autotrophic.
19. The stamen is surrounded by__ and __.
[A] anther, filament
[B] Sepals, filament
[C] petals, sepals
[D] Pistil, anther
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [anther, filament]
Notes:
The stamen is surrounded by anther and filament. The anther contains four sac-like structures that produce pollen for pollination. The filament forms the thread-like stalk that supports the anther of the plant.
20. What is the function of chlorophyll?
[A] Emits green light
[B] Stores starch in leaves
[C] Trap Light energy
[D] Attract water
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Trap Light energy]
Notes:
Chlorophyll pigment in the green plant traps sunlight. The trapped energy is light energy which is further changed into chemical energy during the process of photosynthesis.
