11. Haemoglobin is dissolved in the plasma of which of the following animals? (UPSC Prelims 1994)
[A] frog
[B] fish
[C] man
[D] earthworm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [earthworm]
Notes:
Haemoglobin is found dissolved in the plasma of earthworm because they don’t have proper respiratory system and the hemoglobin is dissolved in plasma for the diffusion of gases and other materials.
12. Who among the following has defined race in population concept?
[A] Montagu
[B] Dobzhansky
[C] Templeton
[D] Hooton
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Dobzhansky]
Notes:
Race refers to classification of humans into relatively large and distinct population groups based on appearance through heritable phenotypic characteristics, often influenced by and correlated with culture, ethnicity and socio-economic status.
Dobzhansky (1970) has defined race in population concept as “Race are genetically distinct Mendelian populations. They are neither individuals nor particular genotypes; they consist of individuals who differ genetically among themselves.”
13. The theory of DNA structure and nature was propounded by __?
[A] Oswald Avery
[B] James Black
[C] Watson and Crick
[D] John Eccles
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Watson and Crick]
Notes:
Watson and Crick realized that DNA was made up of two chains of nucleotide pairs that encode the genetic information for all living things.
14. Which is the largest phylum of Animalia?
[A] Arthropoda
[B] Annelida
[C] Moluska
[D] Aves
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Arthropoda]
Notes:
Arthropoda is the largest phylum of animals. In Arthropoda we study in detail about insects.
15. Why don’t diatoms perish quickly?
[A] Because they are Chitinous
[B] because it has siliceous walls
[C] because Diatoms contain saline soil
[D] because their body is impervious to water
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [because it has siliceous walls]
Notes:
Diatoms are unique among microorganisms in that they have rigid cell walls made of silica, called frustules. These frustules are intricately patterned and provide protection to the diatom cell. The silica frustules are durable and resist decomposition, which helps diatoms to maintain their structural integrity and avoid rapid decay.
16. Cell theory was formulated by __?
[A] Charles Darwin
[B] Theodor Schwann
[C] Robert Hooke
[D] Robert Koch
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Theodor Schwann]
Notes:
The classical cell theory was proposed by Theodor Schwann in 1839. There are three parts to this theory. In the first part explains that all organisms are made up of cells. The second part explains that cells are the basic units of life. The third part, explains that cells come from preexisting cells that have multiplied. It was described by Rudolf Virchow in 1858.
17. Who among the following discovered the cell wall?
[A] Robert Hooke
[B] Boveri
[C] J Rhodin
[D] Van Beneden
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Robert Hooke]
Notes:
A plant cell wall was first observed and named by Robert Hooke in 1665.
18. Which of the following viruses is not linked to human cancer?
[A] Hepatitis C virus
[B] Hepatitis B virus
[C] Varicella-Zoster virus
[D] Herpes simplex virus type 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Varicella-Zoster virus]
Notes:
Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B and Herpes simplex virus type 2 viruses which are linked to human cancer.
19. Enzyme neuraminidase is carried by which of the following virus?
[A] Human immunodeficiency virus
[B] Epstein-Barr virus
[C] Influenza virus
[D] Adenovirus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Influenza virus]
Notes:
Viral neuraminidase is a type of neuraminidase found on the surface of the influenza virus that enables the virus to be released from the host cell. Neuraminidases are enzymes that dissociate sialic acid groups from glycoproteins.
20. Which of the following is not a cause of Food Poisoning?
[A] Salmonella
[B] Campylobacter
[C] E. coli & Shigella
[D] Yersinia pestis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Yersinia pestis]
Notes:
Plague is a disease that affects humans and other mammals and is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.
