11. Which organ has finger like outgrowths which are called as villi ?
[A] Bladder
[B] Stomach
[C] Small Intestine
[D] Large Intestine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Small Intestine]
Notes:
The internal walls of the small intestine are covered in finger-like tissue called villi. Each of these villi is covered in even smaller finger-like structures called microvilli. These villi and microvilli increase the surface area available for the absorption of nutrients.
12. Which of the following micro-organism causes diseases like polio and chicken pox?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Protozoa
[C] Algae
[D] Virus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Virus]
Notes:
Poliomyelitis or polio is an infection caused by the polio virus. It is a serious disease affecting a person’s brain and spinal cord. Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV).
13. Nereis, Pheretima (Earthworm) and Hirudinaria (blood sucking leech) are examples of which Phylum?
[A] Aschelminthes
[B] Coelenterata
[C] Arthropoda
[D] Annelida
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Annelida]
Notes:
The annelids (Annelida, from Latin anellus, “little ring”), also known as the ringed worms or segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 22,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches.
14. How the body temperature is maintained?
[A] Due to temperature regulating mechanism located in the base of the brain
[B] Due to excessive intake of water
[C] Due to regular intake of foods
[D] Due to the constant flow of blood in the capillaries
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Due to temperature regulating mechanism located in the base of the brain]
Notes:
The hypothalamus part of the brain works with other parts of the body’s temperature-regulating system, such as the skin, sweat glands and blood vessels. Water evaporating from the skin cools the body, keeping its temperature in a healthy range.
15. It has been observed that after-effects of low temperature treatment are helpful in promoting the flowering in certain plants. Through this the vegetative period of plant becomes short and early flowering takes place. Which of the following is the name given to the phenomenon?
[A] Photoperiodism
[B] Floreignation
[C] Vernalisation
[D] Heliotropism
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Vernalisation]
Notes:
Vernalization is the induction of a plant’s flowering process by exposure to the prolonged cold of winter, or by an artificial equivalent. After vernalization, plants have acquired the ability to flower, but they may require additional seasonal cues or weeks of growth before they will actually flower.
16. Which among the following branches of science deals with the scientific study of interaction of soils with vegetative matter?
[A] Pedology
[B] Petrology
[C] Hydrology
[D] Edaphology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Edaphology]
Notes:
Edaphology is one of the two branches of soil sciences which deals with the scientific study of influence of soils on the vegetative matter such as plants.
17. Which is the largest muscle in the human body?
[A] Gluteus maximus
[B] Biceps brachii
[C] Masseter
[D] Pectorlis major
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Gluteus maximus]
Notes:
Gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the human body located at the lower back, it is also called as the buttocks.
18. The main components of biogas are
[A] Methane and Sulphur di-oxide
[B] Methane, Hydrogen and Nitric oxide
[C] Methane and Nitric oxide
[D] Methane and Carbon di-oxide
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Methane and Carbon di-oxide]
Notes:
Biogas comprises of CH4, CO2 and small amounts of H2S.
19. What is the approximate number of specific cells in the human body?
[A] 200 types
[B] 300 types
[C] 250 types
[D] 150 types
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [200 types]
Notes:
Scientists estimate that the human body contains around 37 trillion cells and 200 different cell types. This includes 50 billion fat cells and 2 billion heart muscle cells. The number of bacterial cells inside a human body is around 38 trillion. This is much closer to the estimated 30 trillion human cells in the body.
Scientists used data reported by others about individual organs and some mathematical modeling to obtain their results.
20. Which of the following provides structural support to the plant?
[A] lignin
[B] companion cells
[C] Sclerenchyma
[D] sieve tubes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [lignin]
Notes:
Xylem fibers and tracheids are composed of lignin, and this provides structural support to the plant.
