11. RBCs are formed in which of the following in the adults?
[A] black bone marrow
[B] white bone marrow
[C] red bone marrow
[D] blue bone marrow
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [red bone marrow]
Notes:
There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow (also known as myeloid tissue) and yellow marrow. Red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells arise in red marrow; some white blood cells develop in yellow marrow.
12. Which of the following does not hold true for Animal belonging to Phylum chordate?
[A] A post-anal part(tail) is present
[B] Notochord present
[C] Pharynx perforated by gill slits.
[D] Heart is dorsal(if present)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Heart is dorsal(if present)]
Notes:
Chordata is a familiar phylum that includes organisms like mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians (all vertebrates); sea squirts (tunicates); and lancelets (cephalochordates).
13. Phenylketonuria is an example of an in born error of metabolism. This “error” refers to which of the following phenomenon? (UPSC Prelims 1994)
[A] hormonal overproduction
[B] atrophy of endocrine glands
[C] inherited lack of an enzyme
[D] non-disjunction
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [atrophy of endocrine glands]
Notes:
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism due to atrophy of endocrine glands that results in decreased metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine. Untreated, PKU can lead to intellectual disability, seizures, behavioral problems, and mental disorders. It may also result in a musty smell and lighter skin.
14. Which of the following branch of biology deals with the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants?
[A] Agriforestry
[B] Horticulture
[C] Arboriculture
[D] Forestry
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Arboriculture]
Notes:
Arboriculture is the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants.
15. The science of histology is related to which of the following studies?
[A] Tissues
[B] Cells
[C] Algae
[D] Fungi
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Tissues]
Notes:
Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues.
16. Which of the following statements about the cell wall is false?
[A] cell wall is mainly composed of lipid
[B] cell wall is mainly composed of starch
[C] cell wall is mainly composed of protein
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
The cell wall is a structural layer surrounding cells, just outside the cell membrane. It can be hard, flexible and rigid.
17. What is the approximate number of specific cells in the human body?
[A] 200 types
[B] 300 types
[C] 250 types
[D] 150 types
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [200 types]
Notes:
Scientists estimate that the human body contains around 37 trillion cells and 200 different cell types. This includes 50 billion fat cells and 2 billion heart muscle cells. The number of bacterial cells inside a human body is around 38 trillion. This is much closer to the estimated 30 trillion human cells in the body.
Scientists used data reported by others about individual organs and some mathematical modeling to obtain their results.
18. Which of the following group is used to represent disease-related fungi?
[A] Penicillium
[B] Truffles, mushrooms and morels
[C] Smuts, rusts and moulds
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Smuts, rusts and moulds
]
Notes:
Smuts, rusts, and molds groups is used to represent disease-related fungi.
19. Covered smut of Sorghum is caused by which of the following?
[A] Sphacelotheca sorghi
[B] Sphacelotheca cruenta
[C] Sphacelotheca reiliana
[D] Tolyposporium ehrenbergii
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Sphacelotheca sorghi]
Notes:
Sporisorium sorghi is a fungus in the family of Ustilaginaceae. It is a plant pathogen that causes the covered scum of sorghum.
20. The redwood tree is__?
[A] Cedrus
[B] Pinus
[C] Dalbergia
[D] Sequoia
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Sequoia]
Notes:
The redwood tree is Sequoia. Redwoods are coniferous trees (gymnosperms) and are known as the tallest trees in the world. They can live for thousands of years and prefer to live in mountainous areas.
