11. Which of the following statements is incorrect about large intestine?
[A] It secretes a number of hormones
[B] Villi is absent in large intestine
[C] It takes part in the absorption of water from the indigestible residue
[D] The colon is also called the large intestine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [ It secretes a number of hormones]
Notes:
First statement is incorrect because secretion of hormones is absent in large intestine. Small intestine secretes hormones. Other three statements are correct.
12. Which of the following type of Kidneys is found in an adult frog?
[A] Pronephric
[B] Metanephric
[C] Mesonephric
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Mesonephric ]
Notes:
Mesonephros is permanent kidney of frog and most fish, developing posterior to and replacing the pronephros of the embryonic and larval stages. It is a paired organ consisting of a set of nephrons having capsules that filter blood from the glomerulus and tubules whose cells reabsorb water and nutrients and secrete nitrogenous wastes.
13. Which of the following is correlated with blood pressure?
[A] Pancreas
[B] Liver
[C] Adrenal
[D] Testis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Adrenal]
Notes:
Pheochromocytoma, a rare, usually benign, tumor of the adrenal glands resulting in the glands secreting excessive amounts of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline (catecholamines). This causes variable symptoms such as high blood pressure, sweating, etc.
14. Aves have evolved from which of the following?
[A] Amphibians
[B] Arthropods
[C] Mammals
[D] Reptiles
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Reptiles]
Notes:
Birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs during the Jurassic around 165–150 million years ago. Birds aren’t just closely related to dinosaurs, they really are dinosaurs! This is what most people mean when they say that birds are reptiles, although technically according to the phylogenetic system mammals are also reptiles.
15. For developing in bred lines in farm animals, following factors are taken into consideration:
- The crossbreds should be of outstanding type.
- They should not carry any detrimental genes.
- Progeney tested animals.
- Herd size should be large.
Of the statements given above, which one of the following combinations of factors is most essential? (UPSC Prelims 1990)
[A] 1 and 3
[B] 2 and 3
[C] 1 and 4
[D] 2 and 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [2 and 4]
Notes:
Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by deleterious or recessive traits. This usually leads to at least temporarily decreased biological fitness of a population which is its ability to survive and reproduce. So for inbreeding they should not carry any detrimental genes and it is effective only if the herd is large.
16. Which among the following is the name given to the ductless and secretory glands in the human body? (UPSC Prelims 1997)
[A] Endocrine glands
[B] Exocrine glands
[C] Salivary glands
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Endocrine glands]
Notes:
Ductless glands which are also known as internally secreting glands or endocrine glands secrete their products or hormones directly into the blood stream in response to instructions from the brain.
17. In the eye donation, which part of the eye is transplanted from the donor? (UPSC Prelims 2001)
[A] Cornea
[B] Lens
[C] Retina
[D] The whole eye
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Cornea]
Notes:
There is currently no way to transplant an entire eye. Ophthalmologists can, however, transplant a cornea. When someone says they are getting an “eye transplant,” they are most likely receiving a donor cornea, which is the clear front part of the eye that helps focus light so that you can see.
18. Which among the following is not a viral disease?
[A] Ebola
[B] HIV
[C] H1N1
[D] Tuberculosis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Tuberculosis]
Notes:
Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease where as the remaining three are viral diseases.
Extra info: India is working towards achieving TB free India by 2025.
Nikshay portal is associated with TB.
19. Where is eustachian tube present in the human body?
[A] Heart
[B] Lungs
[C] Ear
[D] Small Intestine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Ear]
Notes:
Eustachian tube connects the middle ear and nasopharynx. This tube controls the pressure inside the ear and makes it equal to the pressure outside the body.
20. Who among the following is considered as the father of microbiology?
[A] Stephen Hales
[B] Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
[C] Edwin John Butler
[D] Pier Antonio Micheli
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek]
Notes:
Antoine van Leeuwenhoek used the single-lens microscope he built to make the first observations of bacteria and protozoa. Leeuwenhoek is universally acknowledged as the father of microbiology.
