11. Which of the following sets is correctly paired in Taxonomy?
[A] Leech, Locust, Sea urchin, Lobster
[B] Star Fish, Jelly Fish, Cuttle Fish, Octopus
[C] Milliped, Crab, Centipede, Cockroach
[D] Round Worm, Earthworm, Flatworm, Silk worm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Milliped, Crab, Centipede, Cockroach]
Notes:
The set Milliped, Crab, Centipede, Cockroach is correctly paired in Taxonomy, referring to the classification of these animals in their biological taxonomy. All belong to Arthropoda, the invertebrate group characterized by an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages. They hold a vast diversity of forms and have more species than any other animal phyla.
12. How many types of tissues are present in the body of all complex animals?
[A] 400
[B] 4000
[C] 40
[D] 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [4]
Notes:
In biology, tissue is a cellular organizational level between cells and a complete organ. Animal tissues are grouped into four basic types: connective, muscle, nervous, and epithelial.
13. Which of the following transports water from the roots of the plant to its leaves?
[A] Xylem
[B] Phloem
[C] Cortex
[D] Both Xylem and phloem
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Xylem]
Notes:
Water is passively transported into the roots and then into the xylem. The forces of cohesion and adhesion cause the water molecules to form a column in the xylem. Water moves from the xylem into the mesophyll cells, evaporates from their surfaces and leaves the plant by diffusion through the stomata.
14. Which of the following functions is performed by the kidneys in the human body?
[A] Transportation
[B] Excretion
[C] Respiration
[D] Digestion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Excretion]
Notes:
The primary route in which the body eliminates substances is through the kidneys. The main function of the kidney is the excretion of body wastes and harmful chemicals into the urine.
15. Which blood group among the following is known as universal donor? (UPSC Prelims 1982)
[A] A
[B] B
[C] O
[D] AB
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [O]
Notes:
Type O negative blood group is considered as the universal blood type. People with type O blood group are called universal donors because type O negative blood is compatible to any blood recipient’s type.
16. Which one of the following approaches comes under the category of biotechnology? (UPSC Prelims 1993)
[A] Use of living organisms or substances obtained from them in industrial processes
[B] Modernizing the commercial industries to produce products for use in biological research
[C] Use of modern technology to investigate biological disorders
[D] Use of industrial technology to increase the biosphere
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Use of living organisms or substances obtained from them in industrial processes]
Notes:
The biotechnology industry uses bacterial cells for the production of biological substances that are useful to human existence, including fuels, foods, medicines, hormones, enzymes, proteins, and nucleic acids. Another area of biotechnology involves improvement of the qualities of plants through genetic engineering.
17. Which of the following is the name given to the cellular and molecular control of programmed cell death? (UPSC Prelims 2001)
[A] Apoptosis
[B] Ageing
[C] Degeneration
[D] Necrosis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Apoptosis]
Notes:
• Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death in multicellular organisms. Apoptosis occurs during normal cell turnover, development and in immune system.
• Ageing is the accumulation of changes.
• Degeneration is the deterioration of a tissue or an organ in which its function is diminished or its structure impaired.
• Necrosis is the disorganized break down of flesh in some part of the body of multicellular organism.
18. Which among the following is a water soluble vitamin?
[A] Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin C
[C] Vitamin D
[D] Vitamin E
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Vitamin C]
Notes:
Except vitamins A, D, E and K, remaining all vitamins are water soluble vitamins. Vitamins A, D, E and K are fat soluble vitamins.
19. Serology is related to which of the following statements?
[A] Study of dietetics
[B] Study of snakes
[C] Study of serum
[D] Study of seeds
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Study of serum]
Notes:
Serology is the study of blood serum (the clear fluid that separates when blood clots).
20. Phototropism Theory is related to which of the following scientist?
[A] Jane Goodall
[B] Charles Darwin
[C] Francis Galton
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Charles Darwin]
Notes:
Plant physiologists have investigated phototropism for over 100 years. The best known early research on phototropism was by Charles Darwin.
