11. Which of the following diseases is hereditary? (UPSC Prelims 1987)
[A] Haemophilia
[B] Tuberculosis
[C] Cancer
[D] Dysentery
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Haemophilia]
Notes:
Haemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding. This results in people bleeding longer after an injury, easy bruising, and an increased risk of bleeding inside joints or the brain.
12. Which among the following is the name given to the ductless and secretory glands in the human body? (UPSC Prelims 1997)
[A] Endocrine glands
[B] Exocrine glands
[C] Salivary glands
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Endocrine glands]
Notes:
Ductless glands which are also known as internally secreting glands or endocrine glands secrete their products or hormones directly into the blood stream in response to instructions from the brain.
13. Study of Porifera (sponges) is known as __?
[A] Parazoology
[B] Palaeozoology
[C] Zoophytology
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Parazoology]
Notes:
Parazoology is the branch of zoology that deals with the study of parazoa, primitive multicellular animals that lack true tissues and organs. It encompasses the study of Porifera (sponges), one of the most primitive animal phyla that date back to the Precambian era over 600 million years ago.
14. What are cryptogamous plants?
[A] Flowerless plant
[B] Seedless Plant
[C] Reproduce by spores
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Cryptogamic plants include Algae, mosses, liverworts, lichens, ferns and fungi and they reproduce by spores and not producing flowers or seed.
15. Which of the following is involved in the synthesis of phospholipids?
[A] Mitochondria
[B] Cytoplasm
[C] Endoplasmic Reticulum
[D] Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum]
Notes:
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum serves as part of many metabolic processes. It synthesizes lipids, phospholipids on the plasma membrane and steroids.
16. Which tissue contains various glands, which secrete oils, resins, tannins, mucilage, etc. to the plant?
[A] Laticiferous
[B] Euphorbiaceae
[C] Glandular
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Glandular]
Notes:
Glandular tissue contains various glands, which secrete oils, resins, tannins, mucilage, etc. to the plant.
17. What is the function of strigolactone?
[A] promote seed germination in some species
[B] inhibit lateral apical development in the absence of auxins
[C] establishment of mycorrhizae
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Strigolactones promote seed germination in some species and inhibit lateral apical development in the absence of auxin. Strigolactones also play a role in the establishment of mycorrhiza as well as a mutualistic association between plant roots and fungi.
18. Where does a functional megaspore develop in an angiosperm?
[A] Endosperm
[B] Embryo
[C] Embryo-sac
[D] Ovule
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Embryo-sac]
Notes:
Functional megaspore in an angiosperm develops into Embryo-sac. The embryo sac is an oval structure present in the ovule of flowering plants.
19. Which of the following is called Calyx?
[A] the outermost whorl of a flower
[B] consists of many numbers of petals
[C] four-lobed sac-like structure responsible for pollen formation
[D] thread-like structures are attached to the anther
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [the outermost whorl of a flower]
Notes:
The calyx is the outermost circle of a flower. It includes units called sepals.
20. Which of the following is the major Osmoregulation organ in fishes?
[A] Gills
[B] Kidney
[C] Liver
[D] Stomach
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Kidney]
Notes:
Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining the internal balance of salt and water in the fish body.
