11. What is study of fungus Known as?
[A] Mycology
[B] Phrenology
[C] Physiology
[D] Biology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mycology]
Notes:
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans as a source for tinder, medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection.
12. Which of the following does not hold true for Animal belonging to Phylum chordate?
[A] A post-anal part(tail) is present
[B] Notochord present
[C] Pharynx perforated by gill slits.
[D] Heart is dorsal(if present)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Heart is dorsal(if present)]
Notes:
Chordata is a familiar phylum that includes organisms like mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians (all vertebrates); sea squirts (tunicates); and lancelets (cephalochordates).
13. Stripes can be seen over the body of many animals. Which of the following indication is given by the stripes? (UPSC Prelims 1979).
[A] Mating habit
[B] Food habit
[C] Cave dwelling
[D] Matching of skin colour with surroundings
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Matching of skin colour with surroundings]
Notes:
Some animals have stripes on their back because of the Camouflage Effect. Camouflage effect refers to combination of different colours or materials in order to make animals or objects hard to see or to disguise oneself in the surrounding. Striped Animals can easily hunt other animals by disguising themselves in the surrounding and making it hard for other animals to see.
14. In which of the following weeks the heart of human embryo starts beating? (UPSC Prelims 1994)
[A] in the first week of its development
[B] in the third week of its development
[C] in the fourth week of its development
[D] in the sixth week of its development
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [in the sixth week of its development]
Notes:
By 6 weeks, baby’s heart starts beating 110 times a minute. It has four hollow chambers, each with an entrance and an exit to allow blood to flow in and out of each chamber. In just two more weeks, that number will rise to 150-170 beats a minute.
15. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
|
List I
|
List II
|
|
A. Islets of Langerhans
|
1. Calcitonin
|
|
B. Pituitary gland
|
2. Epinephrine
|
|
C. Thyroid gland
|
3. Growth hormone
|
|
D. Adrenal gland
|
4. Insulin
|
Codes:
A B C D (UPSC Prelims 1995)
[A] 4 3 2 1
[B] 4 3 1 2
[C] 3 4 1 2
[D] 3 2 4 1
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [4 3 1 2]
Notes:
• The islets of Langerhans are a cluster of cells within the pancreas that are responsible for the production and release of hormones that regulate glucose levels.
• Growth hormone is also called somatotropin or human growth hormone, peptide hormone. It is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It stimulates the growth of essentially all tissues of the body, including bone.
• Calcitonin is a hormone that is produced in humans by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin is involved in helping to regulate levels of calcium and phosphate in the blood, opposing the action of parathyroid hormone.
• Hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla are Epinephrine. Most people know epinephrine by its other name—adrenaline. This hormone rapidly responds to stress by increasing your heart rate and rushing blood to the muscles and brain.
16. Which of the following comprise plant decomposers?
[A] Monera and fungi
[B] Plantae and fungi
[C] Monera and Animalia
[D] Animalia and Protista
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Monera and fungi]
Notes:
Decomposers are a type of bacteria and fungi that break down dead and decaying organic matter into simpler things like carbon dioxide, water, simple sugars and mineral salts, and return nutrients to the soil.
17. In cell culture, the measles virus can lead to which of the following?
[A] nuclear pyknosis
[B] transformation of cells
[C] syncytium formation
[D] rounding and aggregation of cells
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [syncytium formation]
Notes:
In cell culture, the measles virus can lead to syncytium formation.
18. Which of the following is absent in the phloem of pteridophytes?
[A] Bast fibers
[B] Companion cells
[C] Phloem parenchyma
[D] sieve cells
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Companion cells]
Notes:
Pteridophytes are vascular, spore-forming, non-seed-forming, non-flowering plants. The phloem of pteridophytes does not have companion cells.
19. In anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into what?
[A] ethyl alcohol
[B] carbon dioxide
[C] energy
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Glucose breaks down into ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide, and energy.
Glucose → Alcohol + Carbon dioxide + Energy
20. In which of the growing tissues are cytokinins most abundant?
[A] roots
[B] embryos
[C] fruits
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Cytokinins are most abundant in growing tissues – such as roots, embryos and fruits, where cell division is taking place.
