11. Haemoglobin is an important component of which of the following?
[A] Red blood cells
[B] White blood cells
[C] Plasma
[D] All options are correct
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Red blood cells]
Notes:
Hemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of almost all vertebrates as well as the tissues of some invertebrates. Haemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the lungs or gills to the rest of the body.
12. Which of the following are the three important micronutrients essential for humans? (UPSC Prelims 1992)
[A] Copper, zinc and iodine
[B] Zinc, copper and potassium
[C] Nitrogen, molybdenum and iodine
[D] Sulphur, copper and iron
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Copper, zinc and iodine]
Notes:
There are some minerals which are needed in the diet in amounts less than100mg/day. These are referred to as trace elements. These minerals include Iron, Zinc, Iodine, Manganese, Selenium and Copper. There deficiency may be rare but can prove fatal.
13. Which of the following define Biofilms? (UPSC Prelims 1993)
[A] Colour films used by biologists to photograph living organisms
[B] photomicrographs of microorganisms from various habitats
[C] accumulations of microorganisms at surfaces such as those of a rock, a tooth or an oil droplet
[D] photographic films made through fermentation processes of certain industrial microorganisms
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [accumulations of microorganisms at surfaces such as those of a rock, a tooth or an oil droplet]
Notes:
A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. These adherent cells become embedded within a slimy extracellular matrix that is composed of extracellular polymeric substances. Microorganisms that form biofilms include bacteria, fungi and protists. One common example of a biofilm dental plaque, a slimy buildup of bacteria that forms on the surfaces of teeth.
14. Which among the following is the longest bone in human body?
[A] Stapes
[B] Femur
[C] Pelvis
[D] Sternum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Femur]
Notes:
Femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. It is also called as the thigh bone.
15. Classification is based on the following criteria?
[A] Plant body
[B] Vascular system
[C] Seed formation
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Classification is based on the following criteria: Plant body, Vascular system and Seed formation
16. To which plant kingdom does Wolffia belong?
[A] Angiosperms
[B] Gymnosperms
[C] Pteridophytes
[D] None of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Angiosperms]
Notes:
Wolffia belong to Angiosperms. Angiosperms are seed-bearing vascular plants that have a well-differentiated plant body. The seeds of angiosperms are enclosed within the fruit.
17. Heteromorphic alternation of generation is commonly found in__?
[A] Algae
[B] Fungi
[C] Bryophyta
[D] All the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Bryophyta]
Notes:
Heteromorphic alternation of generation is commonly found in Bryophyta. Bryophytes are small, non-vascular plants, examples of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.
18. A bryophyte that has nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae in its thallus is__?
[A] Pogonatum
[B] Riccia
[C] Marchantia
[D] Anthoceros
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Anthoceros]
Notes:
A bryophyte that has nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae in its thallus is Anthoceros. Species of Anthoceros have a small to medium-sized green thallus.
19. In the process of photosynthesis, light energy is converted into __.
[A] Thermal
[B] Chemical
[C] Kinetic
[D] Physical
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Chemical]
Notes:
In the process of photosynthesis, light energy is converted into chemical energy. During photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide, water and sunlight and release oxygen.
20. What is the function of chlorophyll?
[A] Emits green light
[B] Stores starch in leaves
[C] Trap Light energy
[D] Attract water
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Trap Light energy]
Notes:
Chlorophyll pigment in the green plant traps sunlight. The trapped energy is light energy which is further changed into chemical energy during the process of photosynthesis.
