11. Which among the following is the correct sequence of the Levels of Organisation found in living organsims?
[A] Individual – Organ system – Tissue – Cell – Organ
[B] Organ – Organ system – Tissue – Cell – Individual
[C] Tissue – Cell – Organ – Organ system – Individual
[D] Cell – Tissue – Organ – Organ system – Individual.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Cell – Tissue – Organ – Organ system – Individual.]
Notes:
The correct sequence of the level of Organisation in living organism is :Cell – Tissue – Organ – Organ system – Individual. The cell is basic unit of life and thesmallest level of organisation of the living organisms.In multicellular organisms more than one cell of similar or dissimilar nature combine to form a tissue.Different tissues combone to form distinct organs. A group of organs coordinating to performs a major function forms the organ system.A multicellular individual is formed by the combination of many organ systems working in coordination. Thus Option [D] is correct
12. Which of following is the primary photosynthetic pigment?
[A] Chlorophyll-b
[B] Carotenoid
[C] Chlorophyll-a
[D] Anthocyanin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Chlorophyll-a]
Notes:
Chlorophylla-a is the primary pigment for photosynthesis in plants. Chlorophyll a is a specific form of chlorophyll used in oxygenic photosynthesis. It absorbs most energy from wavelengths of violet-blue and orange-red light.
13. Who among the following proposed the adage “Survival of the fittest”?
[A] Darwin
[B] Lamarck
[C] William
[D] Huxley
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Darwin]
Notes:
“Survival of the fittest” is a phrase that originated from Darwinian evolutionary theory as a way of describing the mechanism of natural selection. The biological concept of fitness is defined as reproductive success.
14. Which of the following clearly define Lichens? (UPSC Prelims 1984)
[A] Algae and fungi
[B] Algae and virus
[C] Fungi and virus
[D] Virus and bacteria
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Algae and fungi]
Notes:
Lichen is not a single organism. Rather, it is a symbiosis between different organisms – a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium. Cyanobacteria are sometimes still referred to as blue-green algae.
15. In Mycorrhiza, symbiotic association occurs between which of the following organisms? (UPSC Prelims 1990)
[A] Bacteria and roots of higher plants
[B] Algae and roofs of orchids
[C] Fungi and roots of higher plants
[D] Protozoa and roots of higher plants
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Fungi and roots of higher plants]
Notes:
Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant’s rhizosphere, its root system.
16. It is possible to produce seedless tomato fruits by which of the following processes? (UPSC Prelims 1996)
[A] Applying trace elements in tomato fields
[B] spraying mineral solution on plants
[C] spraying hormones on flowers
[D] applying fertilizers containing radioactive elements
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [spraying hormones on flowers]
Notes:
Seed and fruit development are intimately related processes controlled by internal signals and environmental cues. One method to produce seedless fruit is to develop plants able to produce fruits independently from pollination and fertilization of the ovules.
17. In eye donation, which one of the following parts of donor’s eye is utilized? (UPSC Prelims 1999)
[A] Iris
[B] Lens
[C] Cornea
[D] Retina
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Cornea]
Notes:
Generally blindness is caused by the dryness and hardness of cornea. Cornea is a clear layer which helps passing of light. It is an outer layer and can be transfer from one person to another.
18. Who has introduced Two Kingdom Classification?
[A] Carolus Linnaeus
[B] Ernest Haeckel
[C] Copeland
[D] RH Whittaker
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Carolus Linnaeus]
Notes:
Carolus Linnaeus proposed Two kingdom of classification in which he classified organisms into Plantae and Animalia.
19. How many bacterial cells are there in the human body?
[A] around 28 trillion
[B] around 38 trillion
[C] around 48 trillion
[D] around 58 trillion
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [around 38 trillion]
Notes:
The number of bacterial cells inside the human body is approximately 38 trillion. This is very close to the estimated 30 trillion human cells in the body.
20. What kind of virus is measles?
[A] enveloped RNA virus
[B] Coronaviridae
[C] tobacco mosaic virus
[D] Npne of these
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [enveloped RNA virus]
Notes:
Measles is caused by a single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus with a serotype 1. It is classified as a member of the genus Morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family. Humans are the only natural host of the measles virus.
