11. Which of the following branches of Biology is concerned with the effects of radiation on living organisms?
[A] Actinobiolgy
[B] Cryobiology
[C] Cytogenetics
[D] Aerobiology
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Actinobiolgy]
Notes:
Actinobiolgy is the branch of biology which studies the effects of radiation on organisms. Cryobiology involves study of life at Low temperatures; Cytogenetics involves Cytological basis of inheritance and Aerobiology deals with the studies of spores and micro organisms in air.
12. Which of the following is the largest cell in mammalian blood?
[A] Erythrocytes
[B] Monocytes
[C] Lymphocytes
[D] Basophils
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Monocytes]
Notes:
Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that fights off bacteria, viruses and fungi. Monocytes are the biggest type of white blood cell in the immune system. Originally formed in the bone marrow, they are released into our blood and tissues. When certain germs enter the body, they quickly rush to the site for attack.
13. Which of the following is correlated with blood pressure?
[A] Pancreas
[B] Liver
[C] Adrenal
[D] Testis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Adrenal]
Notes:
Pheochromocytoma, a rare, usually benign, tumor of the adrenal glands resulting in the glands secreting excessive amounts of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline (catecholamines). This causes variable symptoms such as high blood pressure, sweating, etc.
14. In which of the following part of the cell does the pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy?
[A] Mitochondria
[B] Chloroplast
[C] Nucleus
[D] Cytoplasm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Mitochondria]
Notes:
In Mitochondria, pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide, water and energy.
15. Which of the following functions is not performed by Vitamins in the body? (UPSC Prelims 1982)
[A] They act as a source of energy
[B] The act as stimulant in the growth of the body
[C] They act as agent in regulating the chemical processes in the body metabolism
[D] All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [They act as a source of energy]
Notes:
Vitamins are considered essential nutrients because they perform hundreds of roles in the body. They help shore up bones, heal wounds, and bolster your immune system. They also convert food into energy, and repair cellular damage. They do not act as a source of energy.
16. Where does pearls are formed? (UPSC Prelims 1982)
[A] Inside squids
[B] Inside snails
[C] Inside oysters
[D] Inside mollusks
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Inside oysters]
Notes:
Natural Pearls are formed when an irritant usually a parasite works its way into an oyster, mussel, or clam. As a defense mechanism, a fluid is used to coat the irritant. Layer upon layer of this coating, called nacre, is deposited until a lustrous pearl is formed.
17. Which of the following cell organelles play the most significant role in protein synthesis? (UPSC Prelims 2001)
[A] Lysosome and Centrosome
[B] Endoplasmic reticulum and Ribosome
[C] Golgi apparatus and Mitochondria
[D] Lysosome and Mitochondria
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Endoplasmic reticulum and Ribosome]
Notes:
Ribosome and Endoplasmic reticulum are main site for protein synthesis. Ribosome, which serve as staging area where some RNA helps in protein synthesis. Endoplasmic reticulum is an irregular, double membrane network scattered in cytoplasm, also helps in protein synthesis.
18. Which among the following is the longest bone in human body?
[A] Stapes
[B] Femur
[C] Pelvis
[D] Sternum
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Femur]
Notes:
Femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. It is also called as the thigh bone.
19. How may cultivated species contribute to food production globally?
[A] 200
[B] 400
[C] 1000
[D] 900
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [200]
Notes:
According to FAO’s report “The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture”, of more than 6,000 plant species cultivated for food production, fewer than 200 contribute significantly to food production globally, regionally or nationally. Only 9 plant species account for almost two-thirds of total crop production.
20. Which branch of biology is known for the study of tissues on artificial mediums?
[A] Pisciculture
[B] Silviculture
[C] Tissue Culture
[D] Horticulture
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Tissue Culture]
Notes:
Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells in an artificial medium isolated from the parent organism. This technique is also called micropropagation.
