Biology MCQs

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Nitrates in drinking water can cause “blue baby syndrome”, which is a condition where infants have a reduced ability to carry oxygen in the blood (methemoglobinemia). The nitrates interfere with the oxygen carrying capacity of hemoglobin. This causes the skin to appear blue or purple. Nitrates in drinking water, often from agricultural runoff, are the cause of “blue baby syndrome”.

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Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. The theory of evolution is based on the idea that all species are related and gradually change over time.

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An adult human has 206 bones while a new born baby has 300 bones. 94 bones fuse as a baby grows. The total number of bones in human skull is 29. The face of a man is made up of 14 bones. Largest and longest bone is femur (thigh bone).The shortest bone in the human body is stapes or stirrup bone in the middle ear.

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Glycogen is stored mainly in liver and muscles. It is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of energy storage in animals, fungi, and bacteria.

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Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase first enzyme of Calvin Cycle of Carbon Fixation

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Biologists have been able to demonstrate the hearing and sound sensory mechanism through the acoustico-lateralis system in fishes.

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Correct answer is beta-amylase. Regarding amylase there is an interesting fact that it has proved its role in Human evolution. The salivary amylase levels found in the human lineage are six to eight times higher in humans than in chimpanzees, which are mostly fruit eaters and ingest little starch relative to humans.

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Some organisms are able to convert inorganic material into organic compounds by a process called Chemosynthesis. This involves oxidation of inorganic molecules (e.g. hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide) or methane as a source of energy, rather than sunlight, as in photosynthesis.

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Actinobiolgy is the branch of biology which studies the effects of radiation on organisms.  Cryobiology involves study of life at Low temperatures; Cytogenetics involves  Cytological basis of inheritance and Aerobiology deals with the studies of spores and micro organisms in air.

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A noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition or disease that is by definition non-infectious and non-transmissible among people. Eg. Cancer which is also called malignancy, is an abnormal growth of cells.