UPSC World & Physical Geography

41. Which of the following differences between Primary (P) and Secondary(S) waves is/are correct?

  1. Secondary waves travel significantly slower than Primary waves.
  2. Primary waves are compression waves and Secondary waves are transverse waves.
  3. Unlike Primary waves, secondary waves can travel only through solids.
  4. Secondary waves cause more damage due to their small size.

Choose the correct answer using the codes given below:

[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 1, 3 & 4
[C] Only 2, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4

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42. Which of the following countries share a border with Burkina Faso?

  1. Togo
  2. Ghana
  3. Benin
  4. Nigeria

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

[A] Only 1 & 3
[B] Only 2 & 4
[C] Only 1, 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4

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43. How many of the following rivers flow through more than two countries:

  1. Nile River
  2. Danube River
  3. Mekong River
  4. Rhine River
  5. Niger River

Select the correct option from the codes given below:

[A] Two
[B] Three
[C] Four
[D] Five

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44. Consider the following:

  1. Ukraine
  2. Slovakia
  3. Czech Republic
  4. Austria

Which of the following is the correct order of the above countries from west to east?

[A] 1 2 3 4
[B] 4 3 2 1
[C] 2 4 3 1
[D] 1 4 2 3

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45. Consider the following statements:

  1. The Amazon Rainforest is known as the “lungs of the Earth” due to its role in absorbing carbon dioxide.
  2. The Great Barrier Reef is the largest living structure on Earth and is visible from space.
  3. The Mojave Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering over 9 million square kilometers.
  4. The Himalayan mountain range is home to the world’s highest peak, Mount Everest, which stands at 8,848 meters above sea level.

How many of the above statements are correct?

[A] Only one
[B] Only two
[C] Only Three
[D] All Four

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46. Match the following canals with the seas they connect:

Canal Connecting Seas
1. Suez Canal  Connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea
2. Kiel Canal  Connects the North Sea with the Celtic Sea
3. Panama Canal  Connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Sea
4. Corinth Canal  Connects the Kara Sea to the Laptev Sea

How many of the above statements are correct?

[A] Only one
[B] Only two
[C] Only three
[D] All four

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47. With respect to Mount Dukono, which of the following observations is/are correct?

  1. Mount Dukono is one of Indonesia’s most active volcanoes.
  2. Mount Dukono has erupted multiple times in the last century, affecting local air travel.

Select the correct option from the codes given below:

[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Nor 1 nor 2

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48. Consider the following:

  1. Caspian Sea
  2. Black Sea
  3. Aral Sea

Which of the above is/are classified as a ‘closed sea’?

[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 1
[C] 1 and 3
[D] 2 and 3

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49. Consider the following pairs of World Heritage Sites and their respective countries:

  1. Colosseum – Spain
  2. Chichen Itza – Mexico
  3. Old Havana – Cuba
  4. Moai Statues of Easter Island – Peru

Which of the above pairs is / are correctly matched?

[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 2 and 3
[C] 2, 3 and 4
[D] All are correctly matched

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50. Which of the following are observed effects of gravitational lensing?

  1. Multiple images of distant galaxies
  2. Magnification of faint background objects
  3. Distortion of galaxy shapes into arcs or rings

Select the correct option from the codes given below:

[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3

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