1. Consider the following 6 rivers of Indus System:
- Indus
- Jhelum
- Chenab
- Sutlej
- Beas
- Ravi
As per the Indus Water Treaty, India has got rights for exclusive use of all of the waters of which of the above river and their tributaries before the point where the rivers enter Pakistan?
[A] Chenab, Sutlej and Beas
[B] Sutlej, Beas and Ravi
[C] Beas & Ravi
[D] Sutlej and Beas
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Sutlej, Beas and Ravi]
Notes:
The correct answer is “Sutlej, Beas and Ravi.” According to the Indus Water Treaty of 1960, India has exclusive rights to the waters of the Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi rivers, while Pakistan has rights to the Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab rivers. This treaty was brokered by the World Bank to resolve water-sharing disputes between India and Pakistan, and it remains one of the most important water agreements in the region.
2. Which of the following is / are correct statements regarding the Coriolis force?
- It is an apparent force caused by the earth’s rotation and revolution
- It is responsible for deflection of winds towards the right in the northern hemisphere and left in the southern hemisphere
- It is responsible for deflection of the south-east trade winds which enter the Indian peninsula as the south-west monsoon
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2 & 3]
Notes:
Coriolis Force is an apparent force caused by the earth’s rotation not revolution. The Coriolis force is responsible for deflection of winds towards the right in the northern hemisphere and left in the southern hemisphere. It is also known as Ferrel’s law, and is responsible for deflection of the south-east trade winds which enter the Indian peninsula as the south-west monsoon.
3. Consider the following statements regarding certain geographical locations recently in news:
- Azores refers to a group of volcanic islands in the North Atlantic Ocean.
- Barbary Coast refers to a part of the eastern coast of Africa.
- Anatolia refers to the central part of Kazakhstan.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 1 and 2
[C] Only 2 and 3
[D] 1, 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1]
Notes:
Statement 1 is correct: Azores is a group of volcanic islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, part of Portugal. Statement 2 is incorrect: the Barbary Coast refers to the northern Mediterranean coast of Africa, not the eastern coast. Statement 3 is also incorrect: Anatolia refers to the central part of Turkey, not Kazakhstan.
4. Which among the following are sources of magma in the Earth?
- Molten Outer Core of the Earth
- Solid Rocks of Earth’s Crust
- Solid Rocks of Mantle
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2 & 3]
Notes:
The molten outer core primarily consists of iron and nickel and is not a source of magma. Magma originates when solid rocks of the Earth’s crust and upper mantle partially melt due to high temperatures and pressures. Thus, only the solid rocks of the crust and mantle are considered sources of magma under suitable geological conditions.
5. Consider the following areas:
- Lakshadweep Islands
- Andaman & Nicobar Islands
- Gulf of Kutch
- Bay of Bengal
Which of the above contain coral atolls?
[A] Only 1 and 3
[B] Only 1
[C] Only 1 and 2
[D] Only 1, 2 and 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 1]
Notes:
Coral atolls in India are found only in Lakshadweep Islands. Andaman & Nicobar have coral reefs and fringing reefs, but not atolls. The Gulf of Kutch and Bay of Bengal also host coral reefs, but atolls are exclusive to Lakshadweep, formed over long-submerged volcanic islands surrounded by ring-shaped coral structures.
6. Which among the following is the correct set of three largest river basins (by area), from largest to smallest ?
[A] Amazon, Congo, Ganga
[B] Amazon, Congo, Mississippi
[C] Amazon, Mississippi, Congo
[D] Amazon, Mississippi, Ganga
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Amazon, Congo, Mississippi]
Notes:
The three largest river basins (by area), from largest to smallest, are the Amazon basin, the Congo basin, and the Mississippi basin. The three rivers that drain the most water are the Amazon, Congo, and Ganges Rivers.
7. With reference to the solar system, consider the following statements:
- All planets except Venus revolve around the sun in the same direction i.e. from west to east
- The direction of rotation of planets on their axis is also the same as the direction of their revolution around the sun
Which among the above is / are correct statements?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ Neither 1 nor 2]
Notes:
All of the planets move around the Sun in a direct (eastward) direction, but three of them (Venus, Uranus and Pluto) rotate in a retrograde (westward) direction, and are said to have a retrograde rotation. Do not confuse revolution, or motion around an orbit, with rotation, or turning about an axis.
8. Subduction is responsible for which of the following?
- Volcanoes
- Earthquakes
- Orogeny
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [ 1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Subduction is responsible for high rates of volcanism, earthquakes, and mountain building. When the large pieces of material on the subducting plate are pressed into the overriding plate, it results in the Orogeny or Mountain formation. These areas are subject to many earthquakes.
9. Which of the following statements regarding Jet Streams are correct:
- Jet streams are fast moving moisture laden winds blowing only in the stratosphere
- They help to bring the Western Disturbances into India in winter
- They generally blow from West to East
- They generally blow in a wavy pattern
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 2, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Only 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
Statement 1 is incorrect as jet streams are located mainly in the tropopause, not solely in the stratosphere, and are not moisture laden. Statements 2, 3, and 4 are correct: jet streams bring Western Disturbances to India, generally blow from west to east, and follow a wavy, meandering path due to changing atmospheric conditions.
10. Consider the following statements:
- France and Lithuania receive more than 75% of their electricity from nuclear power.
- Hydropower accounts for more than 50% of the electricity produced in Canada and Brazil.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] Both 1 and 2
[B] Only 1
[C] Only 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Both 1 and 2]
Notes:
Both statements are correct. France has consistently derived over 70% of its electricity from nuclear power, and Lithuania exceeded 75% prior to 2009. In Canada and Brazil, hydropower generates more than 50% of electricity, with Brazil's share exceeding 60%. These figures reflect global trends in energy resource utilization.
