21. Which among the extraterrestrial craters is/are correctly matched?
- Moon – Hellas basin
- Mars – Aitken Basin
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Neither 1 & 2]
Notes:
Impact crater is a type of impact landform formed due to collision of astronomical objects. Impact crater is a circular depression formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller body.
Examples of extraterrestrial craters include:
Mars – Hellan Basin
Moon – Aitken Basin
22. Which among the following statements is/are correct about lacustrine plains?
- Lacustrine plains are plains formed when lakes filled with sediments are drained.
- The soils of lacustrine plains are beneficial for growth of plants.
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Lacustrine plains or lake plains are plains formed due to past existence of a lake and its accompanying sediment accumulation. In some landscapes they have a high agricultural value. They are beneficial for the growth of plants.
23. Which among the following statements is/are correct about the Delta Nile?
- It is located in Egypt
- It drains into the Red Sea
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1]
Notes:
The Nile Delta is a delta formed in lower Egypt. It drains into the Mediterranean Sea. It is one of the largest river Deltas of the world.
24. Which of the following mountains and their respective continents are correctly matched?
- Mount Everest – Asia
- Mount Kilimanjaro – Europe
- Mount McKinley – Africa
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 1 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 2
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1]
Notes:
Mount Everest is in Asia (Nepal/China). Mount Kilimanjaro is in Africa, not Europe; it is Tanzania’s highest peak. Mount McKinley, also called Denali, is located in North America (Alaska, USA). Thus, only the first pair is correctly matched; the others are not.
25. Which among the following mountains and their associated continents are correctly matched?
- Mount Aconcagua – Europe
- Mount Elbrus – South America
- Mount Vinson Massif – Antarctica
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 1 & 3
[C] 1, 2 & 3
[D] Only 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Only 3]
Notes:
Mount Aconcagua is located in South America (Argentina), not Europe. Mount Elbrus is in Europe (Russia), not South America. Mount Vinson Massif is correctly matched; it is the highest peak in Antarctica. Thus, only statement 3 is correct, while statements 1 and 2 are incorrectly matched.
26. Which among the following statements is/are correct about the Thermosphere?
- Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer.
- The International Space Station and other satellites orbit in this layer.
- Auroras are observed in the lower parts of this layer.
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 1 & 3
[C] Only 1
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
The Thermosphere is located between 80 and 400 km above the mesopause. It contains electrically charged particles known as ions. It is therefore known as Ionosphere. The temperature here starts increasing with heights. Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer. The International Space Station and other satellites orbit in this layer. Auroras are observed in the lower parts of this layer.
27. Which among the following factors affect the precipitation a region receives?
- Distance from the equator
- Distance from the sea
- Direction of the winds
- Pressure systems
- Direction of the mountain ranges
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 1, 2, 3 & 4
[C] 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5
[D] Only 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [1, 2, 3, 4, & 5]
Notes:
Spatial distribution of precipitation, whether in the form of rain, snow or hail, is highly uneven over the surface of the earth.
Following factors affect the pattern of precipitation:
Distance from the equator
Distance from the sea
Direction of the winds
Pressure systems
Direction of the mountain ranges
28. With reference to the annual average position of the Thermal Equator being at approximately 5° North latitude, consider the following statements:
- The distribution of continents is uneven.
- On average, insolation from the Sun is greater in the Northern Hemisphere.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1]
Notes:
The uneven distribution of continents causes the annual mean temperature belt (thermal equator) to shift northwards. Statement 2 is incorrect because annual average insolation at the equator is balanced due to Earth’s orbit and axial tilt. The larger landmass in the north and Antarctic cooling in the south further influence this shift.
29. Which of the following statements regarding the effects of La Nina are correct:
- It brings milder winters in Northern Europe.
- It leads to favourable conditions for hurricanes in the Caribbean.
- It causes drought in Peru and Ecuador.
- It brings wetter-than-normal weather to Indonesia and northern Australia.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 3 & 4
[C] Only 1 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
La Nina brings milder winters to Northern Europe, creates conditions favorable for hurricanes in the Caribbean, causes drought in Peru and Ecuador, and leads to wetter-than-normal weather in Indonesia and northern Australia. All four statements accurately describe the observed climatic effects associated with La Nina events.
30. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
- The Myrtoan Sea and Thracian Sea are parts of the Aegean Sea.
- The Pantanal is a natural region encompassing the world’s largest tropical wetland area.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1 is correct
[B] Only 2 is correct
[C] Both 1 & 2 are correct
[D] Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2 are correct]
Notes:
The Myrtoan Sea and Thracian Sea are subdivisions of the Aegean Sea, situated between Greece and Turkey. The Pantanal is the world’s largest tropical wetland area, primarily located in Brazil, also extending into Bolivia and Paraguay. Both statements accurately describe the respective geographic features.
