India Eyes Nuclear Power in Andaman Islands

The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, under the Department of Atomic Energy, conducted a five-day site assessment in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands from 4 to 8 September 2026 for possible deployment of Small Modular Reactors. The assessment covered sites across all three districts of the archipelago, which currently depends on diesel generator sets for electricity generation.

Small Modular Reactors

Small Modular Reactors, or SMRs, are nuclear reactors designed with smaller power output and modular construction. They are used in remote locations where large conventional power plants are difficult to establish. India has linked SMR development with remote power supply, strategic infrastructure, and long-term energy planning.

Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Energy Profile

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands do not operate any conventional power plants. Electricity in the islands is generated mainly through diesel sets that use fuel transported from the Indian mainland. Earlier proposals for an offshore LNG re-gasification plant and geothermal projects have not reached operational viability.

Great Nicobar Project and Strategic Location

The proposed nuclear power initiative is linked to the electricity demand of the Great Nicobar Project. The project includes a greenfield international airport and an International Container Transhipment Terminal at Galathea Bay. The islands are also located near the Strait of Malacca, a major maritime route in the Indian Ocean region.

Important Facts for Exams

• The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a Union Territory of India with three districts.
• Small Modular Reactors are part of India’s civilian nuclear energy planning for remote areas.
• The Strait of Malacca connects the Indian Ocean with the South China Sea and is a key global shipping route.
• The Great Nicobar Project includes port and airport infrastructure at Galathea Bay.

Policy Background

In the Union Budget speech of 23 July 2024, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced a policy move to involve private sector partners and international collaborators in SMR development. Russia is among the countries mentioned in the policy context for nuclear technology cooperation.

Strategic and Technical Context

BARC is India’s premier nuclear research institution and functions under the Department of Atomic Energy. The Lieutenant Governor of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands also serves as Vice-Chairman of the Islands Development Agency, which coordinates development planning in the archipelago.