Current Affairs Quiz - January, 2025

Notes:
Lake Naivasha in Kenya is severely affected by the invasive water hyacinth, covering large areas. It is a shallow freshwater lake in Kenya’s southern Rift Valley, fed by the Malewa and Gilgil Rivers from the Aberdare Mountains. The lake is surrounded by extinct or dormant volcanoes and features vegetation like Cyperus papyrus and submerged plants. It supports waterbirds, large mammals, fishing, flower farming, and geothermal power, making it economically vital. Lake Naivasha is a Ramsar site, recognized for its ecological importance. Water hyacinth, an invasive species from South America, blocks sunlight, reduces airflow, and harms aquatic life.

Notes:
The World Economic Forum (WEF) is hosting its Annual Meeting from January 20 to 24, 2025, in Davos, Switzerland, with the theme “Collaboration for the Intelligent Age.” WEF was established in 1971 as a not-for-profit foundation by German engineer and economist Klaus Schwab. It introduced the concept of stakeholder capitalism. WEF fosters dialogue, debate, and action among organizations and leaders to build resilient, inclusive, and sustainable economies and societies.

Notes:
The Pralay missile, India’s first tactical quasi-ballistic missile, will be showcased in the Republic Day parade. It is a short-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile with a range of 150-500 km, developed to meet the Army’s tactical needs. Pralay can carry a 350-700 kg conventional warhead and strike enemy positions with high accuracy. It was developed by DRDO.

Notes:
The 67th National Conference on Mission Viksit Bharat 1947-2047 was held on January 16 at the Indian Habitat Centre, New Delhi. The event aimed to promote the growth and recognition of small businesses, start-ups, individuals, and corporations across India. It featured a panel discussion on ‘Fostering Collective Action: Multi-Sector Collaboration for Promoting Ethics and Responsible Business Practices.’ The summit recognized various professionals and business leaders for their contributions, presenting them with the Business and Community Award.

Notes:
The US President signed an executive order renaming Denali to Mount McKinley. It is the highest peak in North America, located in south-central Alaska in the Alaska Range. Denali is a massive granite block uplifted by tectonic activity about 60 million years ago. It rises 18,000 feet from the Denali Fault to its southern summit. The upper half is covered with snowfields feeding glaciers like Kahiltna, Muldrow, Peters, Ruth, and Traleika. Denali is the central feature of Denali National Park and Preserve.

Notes:
Karnataka is hosting the 6th edition of the international millets festival 2025 in Bengaluru from January 23. More than 300 millet product manufacturers and farmer organizations will showcase their products. A symposium on “Transformation of agrifood systems through agri-ecology” will be held, with experts from 10 countries. The event is in collaboration with GIZ Germany and FiBL Switzerland. Karnataka, a major producer of nutri cereals, grows millets on 18.37 lakh hectares. Ragi, jowar, and bajra are the major millets grown in the state, with minor millets covering 0.31 lakh hectares.

Notes:
The Ministry of Electronics and IT released a report titled “Estimation and Measurement of India’s Digital Economy.” India’s digital economy was 11.74% of national income in 2022-23, expected to rise to 13.42% by 2024-25. It may grow twice as fast as the overall economy, contributing nearly 20% of national income by 2029-30. The digital economy employed 14.67 million workers (2.55% of the workforce) in 2022-23. India is the second-largest market for 5G and mobile subscriptions globally. India led global contributions to AI projects (23%) on GitHub and had 1644 billion digital payments in FY 2023-24.

Notes:
The UN declared 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers’ Preservation. March 21 will be celebrated annually as World Day for Glaciers, starting in 2025. UNESCO and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) will co-facilitate the initiative. The goal is to raise awareness about glaciers’ role in the climate system, water cycle, and their economic, social, and environmental impacts. Glaciers cover over 700,000 sq. km globally, comprising 275,000 glaciers, and hold about 70% of the world’s freshwater.

Notes:
BSF has launched ‘Operation Sard Hawa’ along the Pakistan border in the western Rajasthan to prevent infiltration during foggy winters, running from January 22 to 29. This operation enhances vigilance with ultra-modern weapons, advanced instruments, and intensified patrols by vehicles and camels in inaccessible areas. Officers and soldiers, including those from headquarters, are deployed near the fencing to monitor activities continuously. BSF’s intelligence wing actively coordinates with other agencies to track suspicious activities. Key objectives include boosting border security, increasing soldier deployment, enhancing surveillance, and maintaining day-night dominance along the border.

Notes:
Nepal organized its first three-day International Pashmina Festival to highlight Chyangra Pashmina, sourced from Pashmina goats. Nepal is a major producer of authentic Pashmina, known for its high quality. The wool is hand-combed, hand-spun, and woven using traditional methods with natural dyes and embroidery. The exhibition featured 150 stalls, including 40 showcasing pure Nepali Pashmina. Nepali Pashmina competes internationally, with strong markets in the US, Japan, and Europe. Challenges include raw material supply and the need for policy improvements to expand the market. Fake and blended Pashmina pose a challenge globally, especially in India.