Notes:
ASHA or Accredited Social Health Activist is a trained female community health activist as a key component of the National Rural Health Mission under National Health Mission. She is selected from the village itself and works as a link between community and public health system.
 

Notes:
India’s Look East Policy was for the first time pursued by Narsimharao Government in 1992. Under this policy, India focused its attention toward South-East Asia, which was long neglected during the Cold war period. This policy was further cemented by successive prime ministers and now converted into “Act East Policy” by the current government.
 

Notes:
Bharat Nirman is a time-bound plan for rural infrastructure by the Government of India in partnership with State Governments and Panchayat Raj Institutions. It was launched in 2005. It has 6 components: Water, roads, electricity, housing, irrigation, telephone connectivity

Notes:
Money markets are those markets where borrowing and lending of short term funds ( maturity 1 day to 1 year) takes place. Due to short maturity, the instruments of money market are liquid and can be converted to cash easily and thus are able to address the need of the short term surplus fund of the lenders and short term borrowing requirements of the borrowers. The interest rates get determined in the money markets
Money Market in India is divided into unorganized sector and organized sector. The Unorganized market is old Indigenous market which includes indigenous bankers, money lenders etc.  Organized market includes Governments (Central and State), Discount and Finance House of India (DFHI), Mutual Funds, Corporate, Commercial / Cooperative Banks, Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), Insurance Companies and Financial Institutions and Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs).  Organized Money Market is regulated by RBI as well as SEBI.

Notes:
Open Market Operations refer to the purchase and sale of the Government securities (G-Secs) by RBI from / to market. The objective of Open Market Operations is to adjust the rupee liquidity conditions in the economy on a durable basis.
When RBI sells government security in the markets, the banks purchase them. When the banks purchase Government securities, they have a reduced ability to lend to the industrial houses or other commercial sectors. This reduced surplus cash, contracts the rupee liquidity and consequently credit creation / credit supply. When RBI purchases the securities, the commercial banks find them with more surplus cash and this would create more credit in the system.
Thus, in the case of excess liquidity, RBI resorts to sale of G-secs to suck out rupee from system. Similarly, when there is a liquidity crunch in the economy, RBI buys securities from the market, thereby releasing liquidity.
 

Notes:
The scheduled commercial banks are those banks which are included in the second schedule of RBI Act 1934 and which carry out the normal business of banking such as accepting deposits, giving out loans and other banking services. The major difference between Scheduled Commercial Banks and Scheduled Cooperative Banks is their holding pattern, since cooperatives are registered under the Cooperative Societies Act as cooperative credit institutions.
Minimum paid up capital to setup scheduled commercial bank is Rs. 5 lakhs