41. Consider the following statements:
- In low lying river basins people chose to settle on terraces and levees.
- In tropical countries people build their houses on stilts near marshy lands.
Which of the above is / are correct?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 and 2
[D] None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 and 2]
Notes:
Upland which is not prone to flooding was chosen to prevent damage to houses and loss of life. Thus, in low lying river basins people chose to settle on terraces and levees which are “dry points”. In tropical countries people build their houses on stilts near marshy lands to protect themselves from flood, insects and animal pests.
42. With reference to various barrages in India, consider the following statements:
- Sir Arthur Cotton Barrage is located in Maharashtra
- Canals from Farakka Barrage provide route for National Waterway-1
- Jobra Barrage is located on Mahanadi River
- Kota Barrage is located on Chambal River
Which of the above is / are correct?
[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 2, 3 & 4
[C] Only 3 & 4
[D] Only 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2, 3 & 4 ]
Notes:
The Sir Arthur Cotton Barrage, or Dowleswaram Barrage, is on the Godavari River in Andhra Pradesh. The Farakka Barrage is on the Ganga River in West Bengal, with canals serving National Waterway 1. The Jobra Barrage is on the Mahanadi River in Odisha. The Kota Barrage is on the Chambal River in Rajasthan, supplying water for canal irrigation.
43. With respect to Kashmir, consider the following pairs of seasons and respective local Kashmiri names:
Kasmiri Names – Seasons
- Chillai Kalan – Winter
- Sonth – Summer
- Harud – Autumn
- Vahrath – Spring
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
[A] Only 1 & 3
[B] Only 2 & 4
[C] Only 1 , 2 & 3
[D] Only 1, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 & 3]
Notes:
Kashmir experiences four distinct seasons: Chillai Kalan, a harsh 40-day winter starting with the winter solstice. Chillai Khurd, a 20-day continuation of winter. and Chillai Bacha, a 10-day period of milder cold. Spring, known as Sonth, lasts from mid-March to mid-May. Autumn, or Harud, is brief, occurring from late September to mid-November, during which saffron, the world’s most expensive spice, is harvested. Vahrath is characterized by frequent rains and long days, with a high risk of floods.
44. With reference to Geography of India, consider the following observations:
- Pulomilo is the smallest island among the islands of Nicobar group of Islands.
- The Karnataka Coastal Plain depicts an inland belt of isolated hills of Archaean gneisses.
- Gujarat Coastal plain is formed by the alluvial deposits of the Sabarmati, Mahi and numerous tiny streams.
Which of the above is/are correct?
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3 ]
Notes:
Pulomilo is the smallest island in the Nicobar district of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Karnataka Coastal Plain features a narrow belt of recent deposits, an erosion platform, and isolated hills of Archaean gneisses. The Gujarat Coastal Plain consists of alluvial deposits from the Sabarmati, Mahi, and several small streams, with ongoing formation processes.
45. Which of the following given pairs about rivers and their respective states is/are correct?
- Kumutiya River – Assam
- Thamirabarani River – Tamil Nadu
- Jalaka River – Odisha
- Fofal River – Gujarat
Choose the correct answer using the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 2, 3 & 4
[C] Only 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
Kumutiya River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra in Assam, has shifted its course, displacing Dihiri village in Dhamaji district. Thamirabarani River, a perennial river in Tamil Nadu, originates from Agastyarkoodam peak in the Western Ghats. Jalaka River flows in Odisha and has experienced high water levels. Fofal River, a rain-fed river in Gujarat, is crucial for irrigation in the drought-prone Saurashtra region.
46. Consider the following statements about the Saryu River:
- It originates in Nanda Kot Mountain in Himachal Pradesh.
- The Saryu Nahar National Project involves the interlinking of five rivers – Ghaghara, Saryu, Rapti, Banganga and Rohini.
- It discharges into the Sharda River at Pancheswar at the India-Bangladesh border.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Only 1 and 2
[D] 1, 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 2]
Notes:
The Saryu River originates near Nanda Kot mountain in Uttarakhand, not Himachal Pradesh, and it meets the Sharda River at Pancheshwar, on the India–Nepal border. Only statement 2 is correct, as the Saryu Nahar National Project aims to interlink five rivers for optimal water use in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.
47. Consider the following statements regarding National Parks in India:
- Kaziranga National Park is renowned for its population of the one-horned rhinoceros and is located in Assam.
- Sundarbans National Park, known for its mangrove ecosystem, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand is the first national park established in India.
- Gir National Park in Gujarat is the only habitat of the Asiatic lion.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
[A] Only One
[B] Only Two
[C] Only Three
[D] All Four
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All Four]
Notes:
- Kaziranga National Park
- It is famous for its population of the one-horned rhinoceros, hosting over two-thirds of their global population.
- Located in Assam, the park is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Sundarbans National Park
- Situated in West Bengal, it is part of the Sundarbans mangrove forest, which is home to the Royal Bengal Tiger.
- It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and represents the world’s largest tidal halophytic mangrove ecosystem.
- Jim Corbett National Park
- Located in Uttarakhand, it was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, making it the first national park in India.
- It was renamed in honor of Jim Corbett, a famous hunter and conservationist.
- Gir National Park
- Found in Gujarat, it is the sole habitat of the Asiatic lion, which is an endangered species.
- The park plays a crucial role in the conservation of this iconic species.
Thus, all the statements are correct.
48. With reference to the Vaigai river, that was recently seen in news, which of the following is / are correct statements?
- It originates from the Kolli Hills of the Eastern Ghats.
- It passes through Madurai as well as Ramanathapuram
- It finds a mention in Sangam literature
- Fed mainly by Periyar Dam
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
[A] Only one
[B] Only Two
[C] Only three
[D] All four
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Only three]
Notes:
- It originates from the Kolli Hills of the Eastern Ghats: This is incorrect. The Vaigai River originates from the Varusanadu Hills in the Western Ghats, not the Kolli Hills or the Eastern Ghats.
- It passes through Madurai as well as Ramanathapuram: This is correct. The Vaigai River flows through Madurai, a historically significant city, and also passes through the Ramanathapuram district.
- It finds a mention in Sangam literature: This is correct. The Vaigai River is referred to in Sangam literature as “Vaiyai” and holds cultural and historical importance in Tamil Nadu.
- Fed mainly by Periyar Dam: This is correct. The Periyar Dam (Mullaperiyar Dam) diverts water from the Periyar River to the Vaigai River, making it a significant source of water for the river.
49. Consider the following states:
- Sikkim
- Assam
- Bihar
- Jharkhand
Which of the above states share a border with the Darjeeling district of West Bengal?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1 and 3
[C] Only 2 and 4
[D] Only 1, 3 and 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only 1 and 3]
Notes:
Darjeeling district shares its border with Sikkim and Bihar. It does not share a border with Assam or Jharkhand.
50. Consider the following statements regarding Eratosthenes:
- He was the first to calculate the Earth’s circumference with remarkable accuracy.
- He coined the term ‘Geography’.
- He prepared a world map with parallels and meridians.
- He proposed the heliocentric theory of the solar system.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 2, 3 & 4
[C] Only 1 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
Eratosthenes accurately calculated Earth’s circumference, coined the term ‘Geography’, and prepared a map with parallels and meridians. However, he did not propose the heliocentric theory of the solar system; this was done by Aristarchus of Samos. Therefore, only statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
