Notes:
Bee hives are made up of bee wax in the form of a regular congregation of hexagonal cells, about 3-5 mm across and about the same depth. These cells are built by the “worker” bees using the wax they themselves produce. They also produce the honey from the nectar of different flowers carefully collected by them. The nectars are essentially and mainly dilute sugar solutions which are concentrated by the bees into honey. They store it in the hive cells and further concentrate it evaporating the water content by prolonged fanning of the open cells. This renders the honey quite thick and viscous. The honey also possesses very high surface tension with the walls of the cells. The honey is so viscous that it does not flow by its own weight even if the hive is held with the open face of the cell downwards. In order to understand this, consider a single cell which is a “tubular” structure with one end closed and the other open. For the mass of the liquid in such a tube to flow, it has to deform by partly sliding along the walls. Such a process needs the liquid to have fairly low viscosity and low surface tension. On the other hand honey has extremely high viscosity and very high surface tension, preventing the necessary deformation of the mass of honey in the cell. It is the correct combination of high viscosity and surface tension of honey and the size of the cells together with the waxy material of the cell walls that hold the honey from leaking out of the hive.

Notes:
Billiards is played with three balls: white, red and yellow. The white and yellow balls are the cue balls of the two opponents respectively and the objective is to score some set points. The player who scores the required points first, wins. In snooker, there are 15 red and six colored balls and one cue ball. The player has to pot a red first, then a colour, and again a red, and so on. At the end of the frame the player with more points wins. Each red carries 1 point, yellow 2, green 3, brown 4, blue 5, pink 6 and black 7. The six coloured balls are put back on the table but not the reds. When the reds are over, the other colours are potted in the ascending order of the value of their points

Notes:
Prior to Finance Act 2007, India was defined to include the Union territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Goa, Daman and Diu, and Pondicherry. Now, India has been defined to mean India as defined in Article 1 of the Constitution of India, its territorial waters, seabed and subsoil underlying such waters, continental shelf, exclusive economic zone or any other maritime zone as referred to in The Territorial Waters, Continental Shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone and Other Maritime Zones Act, 1976, and the airspace above the territory and territorial waters of India.

Notes:
Green bridge technology approach is developed by Shristi Eco Research Institute (SERI), Pune. It is based on filtration, biodegradation and biosorption mechanisms by microbes and plants. It is a combination of Ecofert – which is an active microbial consortia, biomats, sand, gravels and plants. The stones/boulders act as a filtering material and prevent the solids from passing through the bridges. The green plants/flora grown at the banks of the water body also contributes towards the treatment of the wastewater. [Source:Centre for Science and Environment]

Notes:
All the statements in this question are correct and explain one aspect of moving from old regime to new regime. Under the old system, the manufacturers of fertilizers like single super phosphate (SSP), which also has sulphur in it, were at a disadvantage because they were not compensated for the sulphur content in their product. About 40 per cent of the Indian soils are deficient in sulphur and need addition of this micronutrient for optimum crop yield. The old system encouraged excessive use of nitrogenous fertilisers, notably urea, and reduced application of phosphatic and potassic fertilisers. This has resulted in imbalance in the use of N, P and K, resulting in lower soil fertility. With nutrient-based subsidy, the farmers will go in for the use of all nutrients according to the requirement of the soil and the crop.