Sloth Bear Captured Near Shivamogga Airport

A sloth bear was recently captured by Karnataka Forest Department officials after it was found roaming in villages near Shivamogga airport. The incident raised concerns over increasing human-wildlife conflict in forest fringe areas, highlighting the need for better habitat management and conservation strategies.

About Sloth Bear

The sloth bear is one of the eight bear species found worldwide and is primarily insectivorous in nature. It is classified as myrmecophagous, meaning it feeds mainly on ants and termites. This species is native to the Indian subcontinent and is known for its unique feeding habits and ecological role in controlling insect populations.

Physical Features and Behaviour

Sloth bears are characterised by long, shaggy dark brown or black fur and distinctive curved claws, which are among the longest of any bear species. They are also referred to as “labiated bears” due to their long lower lip and palate, which help them suck insects efficiently. These bears are mostly nocturnal, foraging at night and resting in secluded areas during the day.

Habitat and Distribution

Sloth bears inhabit a variety of ecosystems, including dry and moist forests as well as tall grasslands. They prefer areas with boulders, shrubs, and trees that provide shelter. Geographically, they are found mainly in India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and possibly Bhutan. In India, notable conservation areas include the Daroji Sloth Bear Sanctuary in Karnataka and the Jessore Sloth Bear Sanctuary in Gujarat.

Important Facts for Exams

• Sloth bear is a myrmecophagous species feeding mainly on termites and ants.
• It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
• It is included in Appendix I of CITES.
• It is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

Conservation Status and Challenges

The sloth bear is classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN and receives the highest level of protection under Indian law. Despite this, habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, and poaching continue to threaten its population. The recent capture near Shivamogga underscores the importance of conservation efforts and community awareness to reduce conflicts and ensure the survival of this species.