World & Physical Geography MCQs

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Ethiopia is a landlocked country located in Eastern Africa, which forms a part of the Horn of Africa. It shares land borders with six countries such as Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Kenya to the south, South Sudan to the west, and Sudan to the northwest. Ethiopian Highlands and its associated Great Rift Valley cover the majority of Ethiopia. Ethiopia is the most popular landlocked country in the world and second-most populous country on the African continent after Nigeria. The capital of Ethiopia is Addis Ababa, which is world-famous as it serves as headquarters for several international organizations such as the African Union, OAU, and UNECA, etc. The official currency of Ethiopia is Ethiopian birr, which is issued by the National Bank of Ethiopia. The official language of Ethiopia is Amharic, spoken by Amhara ethnic group of Ethiopia.

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Mont Blanc Tramway is a 12.4-kilometer long mountain railway line, opened in 1907, located in the Haute-Savoie department of France. It is the highest railway line in France and the fourth-highest in Europe. The extensive views of Mont Blanc and adjacent mountains of Mont Blanc massif provided by the tramway make it a popular tourist attraction of France.

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The (Northern) Sporades are an archipelago along the east coast of Greece, northeast of the island of Euboea, in the Aegean Sea. They consist of 24 islands, four of which are permanently inhabited: Alonnisos, Skiathos, Skopelos and Skyros. They may also be referred to as the Thessalian Sporades.

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Santorini is the main tourist destination of Greece. Santorini, officially Thira, is an island in the southern Aegean Sea, about 200 km southeast from Greece. Its the largest island of a small, circular archipelago, which bears the same name and is the remnant of a volcanic caldera.

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The longest river of the Republic of Lithuania is the river Nemunas. It originates in the central Belarus and flows through Lithuania and ends its journey in Baltic sea. Its total length is around 937 kms out of which 475km is in Lithuania.

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The longest river of Republic of Nicaragua is river Rio Coco. It is located in the Somoto Canyon, Madriz department, Nicaragua. Its total length is about 750 km.

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The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean in the world. It is ‘S’ shaped. It is flanked by the North and South America on the western side, and Europe and Africa on the eastern side.

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The reversal of the normal behaviour of temperature in the troposphere in which a layer of cool air at the surface is overlain by a layer of warmer air is known as temperature inversion. Inversions play an important role in determining cloud forms, precipitation, and visibility.

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The stratosphere defines a layer in which temperatures rises with increasing altitude. At the top of the stratosphere the thin air may attain temperatures close to 0oC. This rise in temperature is caused by the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun by the ozone layer. Such a temperature profile creates very stable atmospheric conditions. Consequently, the stratosphere is almost completely free of clouds or other forms of weather.

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The Lötschberg Base Tunnel in Switzerland is currently the world’s longest land tunnel (except for some metro tunnels) and accommodates passenger and freight trains. It runs between Frutigen, Berne and Raron, Valais. It is the third longest tunnel overall.