World & Physical Geography MCQs

Notes:

• Taurus–Littrowis a lunar valley located on the near side. It served as the landing site for the American Apollo 17 mission in December 1972, the last crewed mission to the Moon.
• Shortyis a feature on Earth’s Moon, an impact crater in the Taurus Littrow valley. Astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt visited it in 1972, on the Apollo 17 mission. It is the location of the famous “orange soil,” which geologists believe to be small bits of rapidly-cooled molten rock ejected in a fire fountain.
• Mare Serenitatisis a lunar mare located to the east of Mare Imbrium on the Moon. Mare is a large, level basalt plain on the surface of the moon, appearing dark by contrast with highland areas.
• Mare Vaporum is a lunar mare located between the southwest rim of Mare Serenitatis and the southeast rim of Mare Imbrium.

Notes:

• The inner layers are the Core, Radiative Zone and Convection Zone. The outer layers are the Photosphere, the Chromosphere, the Transition Region and the Corona.
• The photosphere is the deepest layer of the Sun that we can observe directly. Most of the photosphere is covered by granulation.
• The chromosphere is a layer in the Sun above the solar surface (the photosphere). In this layer (and higher layers) it actually gets hotter if you go further away from the Sun, unlike in the lower layers, where it gets hotter if you go closer to the center of the Sun.
• The transition region is a very narrow (60 miles / 100 km) layer between the chromosphere and the corona where the temperature rises abruptly.
• The corona is the outermost layer of the Sun. The corona cannot be seen with the naked eye except during a total solar eclipse, or with the use of a coronagraph. The corona does not have an upper limit.

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Stratosphere is almost free from clouds and associated weather phenomenon, making conditions most ideal for flying aeroplanes.

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Petrology refers to the scientific study of rocks and the conditions which influence their formation. Petrology is a branch of geology that focuses on the chemical analysis in various fields such as petrography and mineralogy. It is concerned with all three major types of rocks; igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary.

Notes:
Granite is a light-colored igneous rock that forms from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth’s surface. Strictly speaking, granite is an igneous rock with between 20% and 60% quartz by volume, and at least 35% of the total feldspar consisting of alkali feldspar.

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The midnight sun is a natural phenomenon occurring in summer months at places north of the Arctic Circle and south of the Antarctic Circle where the sun remains visible at the local midnight. Around the solstice (June 21 in the north and December 21 in the south) and given fair weather the sun is visible for the full 24 hours. The number of days per year with potential midnight sun increases the farther towards either pole one goes.

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The landlocked seas are Aral Sea, Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, Salton Sea and Sea of Galilee. Landlocked seas may are also considered lakes as the definition of a lake is “a large body of freshwater surrounded by land”. A land locked sea would be one with no access to the rest of the world’s oceans.

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One has to cross Gulf of Mannar to reach from Kanyakumari to Colombo.

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Australia is the world’s largest producer of bauxite, with production amounting to an estimated 110 million metric tons in 2021.

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Poland’s coastline extends for more than 770 kilometers along the Baltic Sea, showcasing a diverse landscape of beaches, cliffs, and dunes, offering various economic and recreational opportunities.