World & Physical Geography MCQs
World Geography Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Quiz for State and UPSC Civil Services Examinations. Objective Questions on Physical Geography and World Geography for competitive examinations.
21. Which among the following pairs of plains is/are correctly matched?
- Carrizo plains – United States
- Salisbury plains – Australia
- Canterburry plains – New Zealand
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1 & 3
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1 & 3]
Notes:The Carrizo plains “the place of rabbits” is located in California, United States. It is a plain in North America. The San Andreas Fault runs along the northeast side of the plain.
The Salisbury plains are located in the central southern England. They cover an area upto 780 sq.km. It is famous for its rich archaeology, including Avebury and Stonehenge, which are a joint World Heritage Site.
Canterbury Plains is an area in New Zealand. It is centred in the Mid Canterbury to the south of the city of Christchurch in the Canterbury region.
22. The Stratosphere lies up to how many kilometres from the Earth’s surface?
[A] 180 km
[B] 50 km
[C] 200 km
[D] 20 km
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [50 km]
Notes:
The Stratosphere is the layer of the Earth’s atmosphere which lies beyond the troposphere. It extends up to an altitude of 50 kilometres from the earth’s surface. This layer is almost free from clouds and associated weather phenomenon. It therefore makes conditions most ideal for flying aeroplanes.
23. Which instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
[A] Wind vane
[B] Thermometer
[C] Barometer
[D] Hygrometer
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Barometer]
Notes:
The force exerted on the surface by the column of air above it is called atmospheric pressure or air pressure. It is measured by means of an instrument called barometer.
24. In which nation “Mount Nyamuragira”, active shield volcano, is located?
[A] Indonesia
[B] Ethiopia
[C] Democratic Republic of Congo
[D] Argentina
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Democratic Republic of Congo]
Notes:
Mount Nyamuragira is an active shield volcano located in the Virunga Mountains of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is situated north of Lake Kivu. The recent eruptions occurred in 2010 and 2011. During its eruptions, it releases a large portion of the sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere which leads to ash and air pollution.
25. What is the rainfall when warm and humid air strike landform barriers such as mountain ranges called?
[A] Orographic
[B] Convectional
[C] Cyclonic
[D] Frontal
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Orographic ]
Notes:
Orographic rainfall occurs when the saturated air mass comes across a mountain and is forced to rise. The principal characteristic of this type of rain is that the windward slopes get more rainfall. The region situated on the leeward side is known as the rain-shadow area.
26. Which among the following statements is/are correct about Koeppen’s classification of climatic regions?
- He identified a close relationship between the distribution of vegetation and climate.
- He recognized five major climatic groups, four of them are based on precipitation and one on temperature.
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Only 1]
Notes:
Koeppen’s Classification of climate is the most commonly used classification of climate. He recognized a close relationship between the distribution of vegetation and climate. He recognized five major climatic groups, four of them are based on temperature and one on precipitation.
27. Which among the following groups in Koeppen’s climate classification is referred to as Tropical climates?
[A] A
[B] B
[C] H
[D] E
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [A]
Notes:
The Koeppen climate classification system recognizes five major climatic types and each type is designated by a capital letter- A, B, C, D, E, and H.
The A group represents the tropical climate. It is characterized by:
Average temperature of every month is above 18°C
Annual rainfall is large and exceeds annual evaporation.
28. What is a detached elevation with shallow depths?
[A] Atoll
[B] Shoal
[C] Reef
[D] Trench
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Shoal]
Notes:
Shoal is a detached elevation with shallow depths. It projects out of water with moderate heights. Therefore they are dangerous for navigation and other activities.
29. Which among the following statements is/are correct about Salinity of ocean water?
- Salinity increases from Equator towards the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.
- Low salinity is found in front of River mouths.
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
On an average, salinity increases from equator towards the poles. The highest salinity is not recorded near the equator (high temperature and evaporation, but rainfall reduces salinity). Hence, it records only 35% salinity.
low salinity is found in front of River mouths (Amazon, Niger, Rhine, St. Lawrence).
30. Which among the following are classes of terrigenous materials on the basis of size of particles according to Murray?
- Mud
- Sand
- Gravel
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 1 & 3
[C] Only 2
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
On the basis of size of particles, the terrigenous deposits may be categorised into three classes—
mud, sand and gravel.
Mud refers to the finest particles which comprise the minute particles of rock forming minerals, principally quartz. Murray has classified the mud deposits into blue, green and red types, based on the colour of constituents.
Sand refers to the coarser particles, while gravel has even bigger particles.
