World & Physical Geography MCQs

Notes:
Lake Tanganyika is geographically related to Burundi, which lies to the south-west of Burundi. Lake Tanganyika is one of the African Great Lakes. It is the second-oldest freshwater lake in the world, the second-largest by volume and second-deepest lake. The mouth of the lake is Congo River which finally drains into the Atlantic Ocean. This lake serves the Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, Burundi and Zambia.

Notes:
Cross River Gorilla is a subspecies of Western Gorilla. Its habitation is restricted to only lowland montane forests and rainforests region of Cameroon and Nigeria border, most particularly at the banks of Cross River of Nigeria. Its conservation status is classified as “Critically Endangered” as per the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Notes:
Dangerous Ground lies to the south-east part of the South China Sea and the Spratly Islands. It involves several low islands, cats, sunken reefs and atolls. Due to its poor documentation, it is one of the exceptionally dangerous navigable waterways.

Notes:
Lake Baikal in Russia is the deepest lake in the world. It is the largest volume freshwater lake in the world.

Notes:
The Thermosphere is located between 80 and 400 km above the mesopause. It contains electrically charged particles known as ions. It is therefore known as Ionosphere. The temperature here starts increasing with heights. Radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer.

Notes:
The proportion of insolation that is reflected back by the surface is called its albedo. 
Albedos of different bodies:
land surface – 8 and 40%
forests – 9 to 18%
desert sands – 30 to 40%
Fresh snow – 85%

Notes:
The Koeppen climate classification system recognizes five major climatic types and each type is designated by a capital letter- A, B, C, D, E, and H. 
A, C, D, E are considered as Humid whereas B is considered as Dry.
H is referred to as the climate of Highland regions.
E is the group of very low temperatures.

Notes:
The Koeppen climate classification system recognizes five major climatic types and each type is designated by a capital letter- A, B, C, D, E, and H.
E is the group of very low temperatures.
Capital letters T and F are used to designate the two subdivisions of polar climate:
tundra – T
icecap – F

Notes:
The Indian Ocean is the warmest ocean in the world. Long-term ocean temperature records show a rapid, continuous warming in the Indian Ocean, at about 1.2 °C. Human induced greenhouse warming, and changes in the frequency and magnitude of El Nino (or the Indian Ocean Dipole), events are a trigger to this strong warming in the Indian Ocean.

Notes:
Seamounts are mountains with pointed summits, rising from the seafloor that does not reach the surface of the ocean. Guyots are flat-topped mountains or seamounts.