World & Physical Geography MCQs

Notes:
Volcanic landforms are features associated volcanic processes.
Graben – Graben is a depressed block of planetary crust bordered by parallel faults. Graben is a German word for ditch or trench. They occur side-by-side with Horsts. It is a tectonic landform.

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Mid oceanic ridges are underwater mountain systems formed by plate tectonic spreading. It forms at divergent plate boundaries.

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Brazil is the largest country in South America. Its capital is Brasilia. The official language is Portuguese. It is the fifth-largest country in the world by area with 8515767 sq.km. It is the sixth most populous country in the world. It borders all the countries of South America except Chile and Ecuador. Uruguay to the south; Argentina and Paraguay to the south-west; Bolivia and Peru to the west; Columbia to the north-west; Venezuela, Guyana and Suriname to the north of Brazil.

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Scarborough Shoal is located in the South China Sea of the Pacific Ocean. It is also known as Democracy Reef or Panatag Shoal. It is located between the Macclesfield Bank and Luzon Island of the Philippines. It is a disputed territory in which its ownership rights are claimed by both China and the Philippines.

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The Drakensberg Mountains in South Africa, are young folded mountains. Mt. Lesotho is the highest peak in the Drakensberg Mountains.

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The Mintaka Pass is a pass in western Himalayas. It connects Kashmir and China. It is at the Trijunction of India-China and Afghanistan border.

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The Nullarbor Plain is located in southern Australia on the coastline of the Great Australian Bight. It is an area of flat and dry land. It is the world’s largest single piece of limestone, and occupies an area of about 200,000 square kilometres.

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The proportion of insolation that is reflected back by the surface is called its albedo. 
Albedos of different bodies:
land surface – 8 and 40%
forests – 9 to 18%
desert sands – 30 to 40%
Fresh snow – 85%

Notes:
Lake Arenal is located in the highlands of Costa Rica. It is the largest lake in Costa Rica. This lake houses Arenal Dam, which generates 70% of the country’s electricity requirements. It is a Ramsar Wetland. This lake houses fish species such as mochaca and rainbow bass.

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Mount Velebit is the largest mountain range of Croatia. It forms a part of the Dinaric Alps and is located along the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It houses Velebit Mountain Biosphere Reserve; Northern Velebit National Park; Paklenica National Park; Cerovacka Pecine Caves and Lukina Jama Pits.