Medieval Indian History MCQs

Notes:
Nathpanthis, Siddhacharas, and Yogis believed that the path to salvation was through meditation. They advocated renunciation of the world and intensive training of the mind and body through practices like yogasanas, breathing exercises, and meditation. They believed that meditation on the formless Ultimate Reality and the realization of oneness with it was the path to salvation.
The Nathpanthis, Siddhacharas, and Yogis criticized the ritualistic practices of conventional religion. They believed that the external rituals and elaborate ceremonies had become detached from their original purpose of spiritual growth and self-realization. Their criticism of conventional religion created the ground for devotional religion to become a popular force in Northern India.

Notes:
The horse was the most common animal to be depicted on the pillars. The most magnificent of the temples in this style are in Hampi-Vijayanagar.

Notes:
The death of Aurangzeb in 1707 A.D. marked the end of the glory of the Mughal empire. The Mughal authority was challenged by several chiefs and Rajas at different places. The Marathas, the Rajputs and the Sikhs resisted the Mughal power simply to gain independence. The nobles took advantage of the weakness of the Empire by carving out independent kingdoms for themselves. The later Mughul monarchs were primarily responsible for the decay, disintegration and collapse of the Empire though, certainly, other factors also contributed towards it.

Notes:
Bhakti movement in Hinduism refers to ideas and engagement that emerged in the medieval era on love and devotion to religious concepts built around one or more gods and goddesses. Bhakti movement preached against the caste system using the local languages so that the message reached the masses.

Notes:
Shaik Fakah Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Batuta, a native of Morrocco, Africa, wrote the Rehla. The Rehla, contains good sketches of Sufi saints of the age, Indian trade, industries, agricultural products, roads, traffic, transport, towns, harbors, sea-coast, shipping, weights, and measures, etc.

Notes:
Shivaji and his successors issued coins in Gold and Copper. The script used on the coins was Nagari. The coins bore the name Chhatrapati Shivaji on one side and Sri Raja Siva on the other. It is believed that the first lot of minting with 7 lakh coins were showered on Shivaji, which later were melted under Aurangzeb’s Government as a response of animosity. Some of the mints where the coins were issued at the time were Bagalkot, Mulher, Chandor, Kolaba, Sangli, Miraj, Panhala, Balwantnagar (Jhansi), Jalaun, Kalpi, Kunch, Balanagar Gadha (Gadha Mandla), Ravishnagar (Sagar).

Notes:
Syed Mir Nisar Ali Titumir was the founder of the Wahabi movement in Bangladesh. He met Syed Ahmad in Mecca.

Notes:
In order to gain legitimacy to his rule , Iltutmish first obtained a letter of investiture from the caliph and then he issued bullion currency on which the caliph’s name appeared in hindi.

Notes:
Mongol invader Genghis khan came through the northwestern front of India in the reign of Iltutmish. Genghis khan destroyed the Khwarizmi dynasty. The ruler of Khwarizmi empire sought refuge to Iltutmish . But , Iltutmish refused to give asylum to the Khwarizmi emperor and saved Delhi from the invasion of Genghis Khan

Notes:
During the pre-sultanate period large number of trading centres emerged across the subcontinent. The emerging cities and towns of that time acted as nodal points for the exchange of agrarian produce.