Medieval Indian History MCQs

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Afzal Khan was a medieval Indian commander who served the Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur, and fought against Shivaji. He was killed at a meeting with Shivaji and his army was defeated in the Battle of Pratapgad 1656.

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Firoz Shah Tughlaq, who ascended Delhi’s throne on March 23, 1351, introduced four taxes based on Islamic law: kharaj (land tax), khams (one-fifth of spoils of war), jizya (tax on non-Muslims), and zakat (2% on property). The kharaj, or land tax, was the precursor to the first irrigation tax, equalling one tenth of the land produce. This first irrigation tax marked a significant shift in the economic policy of the Sultanate and had a lasting impact on Indian agriculture.

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Padshahnama or Badshah Nama is a genre of works written as the official history of the Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan’s reign.

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During the Akbar’s reign the Amalguzar was assigned to exercise a general supervision over all types of lands for the purpose of imperial rules and regulations and the assessment and collection of land revenue uniformly.

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Ruknuddin Firoz was half brother of Razia and remained ruler of the Delhi Sultanate for less than seven months in 1236. He was one of the many sons of Sultan Iltutmish of Delhi Sultanate. Ruknuddin Firoz was born to Shah Turkan, a mistress of Iltutmish. After the death of Iltutmish, a struggle for supremacy began between the Sultan and a group of forty slaves. Ruknuddin Firoz’s misadministration led to rebellions against him and his mother. Both were arrested and imprisoned. The nobles and the army then appointed his half-sister Razia on the throne. Ruknuddin Firoz died on November 19, 1236.

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Khusrau khan ( or Sultan Nasiruddin Khusrau Shah) was the last ruler of Khilji Dynasty. He ruled Delhi for a period of 4 months, before been killed by Ghaji Malik in 1320 AD.

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In 1303 AD, Allauddin Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, attacked and captured Chittorgarh. Then, the first Jauhar of royal Rajput ladies at Chittorgarh took place. It led by Rani Padmini, wife of Rawal Ratan Singh (King of Mewar) as she preferred to die rather than to surrender themselves against Sultan.

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Shams-ud-din Iltutmish belonged to the Ilbari tribe of Turkestan .

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As per the administrative reforms of Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq, ‘Diwan-i-Khairat’, a new department, was set up to make provisions for marriage for poor girls and also to provide financial help to the poverty-stricken people.

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The silver coin introduced during the reign of Sultan Mohammad-bin Tughlaq was called Adl.