States PCS: Karnataka GK for KPSC and other Karnataka State Exams

Notes:
Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah is considered to be an important ruler of the Bahmani Sultanate.  He also extended the kingdom in the east by capturing Rajamahendri from the Reddis. He also took great pleasure in the society of learned men and patronized Surhindi, a scholar, and Hassan Gilani, an astronomer. He erected the observatory at Daulatabad.

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A spinning and weaving mill was started at Gulbarga in the year 1888. The Gokak Spinning Mill (1885) had been founded by securing power from the Gokak Falls (1887) and Mangalore had some tile factories, first initiated by the Basel Mission (1865).

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The Upparas was the caste who were engaged in salt production. After the British made salt production a state monopoly, this traditional industry which supported thousands came to be ruined and the Upparas mostly shifted to agriculture.

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Belekeri Port is Karnataka’s second largest port. It is located near Hospet and Bellary, major iron ore producers. The port mainly exports iron ore. It plays a key role in mineral exports from the state.

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Ponda Fort was built in 1546. It was built by Muslim forces of Adil Shah. Ponda Fort is located near Ponda, in the state of Goa. It is on the west coast of India. The present structure is a modern reconstruction on this location and converted into a park. e Indian government took control of the fort after 1961, and renovated it into a park in 1977. The original structure was constructed of stone and mud, and left bare while the new structure contains stone, concrete and is plastered and painted red.

Notes:
The Tunga River merges with the Bhadra River at Koodli, Shimoga district and hence onward it is known as Tungabhadra River. During most of its course, Tungabhadra River flows through the state of Karnataka before flowing along the border between Andhra Pradesh, Telengana and ultimately joins the Krishna River near Sangameswaram village in the Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh.

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The Barkana Falls is formed by the river Seetha. It is a water fall which is located near Agumbe in the Shimoga district of Karnataka. This waterfall is among the ten highest waterfalls located in India.

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In 2024-25, Karnataka’s services exports were $159 billion, about 41% of India’s $387.8 billion services exports. Karnataka’s merchandise exports were approximately $26.6 billion. Karnataka is a leading contributor in both goods and services exports in India during this period.

Notes:
The Udyogini Scheme provides loans up to ₹3 lakh for women entrepreneurs. Subsidies range from 30% to 50%, with a maximum subsidy between ₹90,000 and ₹1.5 lakh depending on the beneficiary’s category.

Notes:
The 16th Finance Commission (2026-31) fixed Karnataka’s horizontal share at 4.131% of the central tax devolution pool, increased from 3.647% in the 15th Finance Commission. This adjustment prioritizes economic performance and GDP contribution, leading to increased revenue for Karnataka. The total divisible tax pool shared among all states remains capped at 41%, with the horizontal share allocated based on new formulae emphasizing tax efficiency and human capital outcomes.