India Current Affairs [Nation & States] MCQs

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Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Mohan Yadav launched the four-day School Chale Hum campaign in Bhopal on April 1, 2025. All CM RISE Schools in the state will be renamed Maharishi Sandipani Vidyalaya. The Education Portal 3.0 was launched to digitize school education processes. The campaign runs from April 1-4, 2025, aiming to improve enrollment, retention, and timely textbook distribution. 5.6 crore textbooks (Classes 1-12), 1.02 crore Foundational Literacy and Numeracy (FLN) workbooks, and 26 lakh Bridge Course books will be provided for free.

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India recorded 4,515 child adoptions in the financial year 2024-25, the highest ever. The Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) added 8,598 newly identified children to the adoption pool. CARA was established in 1990 and functions as a statutory body under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. It operates under the Ministry of Women and Child Development. CARA is the nodal agency for adoption of Indian children and regulates both in-country and inter-country adoptions. It manages adoptions through the Child Adoption Resource Information & Guidance System (CARINGS).

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The University Grants Commission (UGC) has released draft guidelines to integrate Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) into undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) courses. The Ministry of Education (MoE) introduced Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) under the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 to blend traditional Indian knowledge with modern education. The initiative promotes interdisciplinary research, preservation, and dissemination of IKS for research and societal use. It covers diverse fields like Arts, Literature, Agriculture, Basic Sciences, Engineering, Architecture, Management, and Economics.

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West Bengal has received Geographical Indication (GI) tags for seven traditional products, including the famous Nolen Gurer Sandesh and Baruipur guavas. The GI tag gives legal recognition to products linked to a specific place, helping preserve cultural identity and promote exports. Nolen Gurer Sandesh is a seasonal sweet made from chhena (cottage cheese) and nolen gur (date palm jaggery), known for its caramel flavour and golden colour. Other GI-tagged items include Kamarpukur’s bonde, Murshidabad’s Chhanabora, Bishnupur’s motichur laddoo, Radhunipagal rice, and Malda’s Nistari silk yarn. This move boosts local economy, supports artisans, and promotes West Bengal’s rural culture globally.

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the newly built Pamban Bridge, India’s first vertical railway sea bridge, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu on 6th April 2025. The 2.07-km bridge was built by Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL) at a cost of ₹531 crore. It features a 72.5-meter vertical lift span that can rise 17 meters, allowing ships to pass safely and improving rail connectivity. The old 2.05-km Pamban Bridge, built in 1913, had a Scherzer rolling lift span and was the only transport link for over 70 years. It survived a 1964 cyclone, was restored quickly, and upgraded to broad gauge in 2007.

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Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh Mohan Yadav launched the Maternal and Child Sanjeevan Mission and ANMOL 2.0 (Auxiliary Nurse Midwife Online 2.0) web portal on World Health Day in Bhopal. The mission aims to make Madhya Pradesh a leader in the healthcare sector through government and societal cooperation. New medical colleges are being established and Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is promoted to improve hospital management. Medical tourism is being encouraged with subsidies up to 40% for new hospitals in major cities like Indore and Ujjain. ANMOL 2.0 enables real-time tracking of maternal and child health, with 20,000 Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs) trained; ASHA and Anganwadi workers will be mapped next.

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In April 2025, strong protests erupted against the Sillahalla Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Project (SPSHEP) in Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, led by farmers, tribal groups, and environmentalists. The project is proposed by Tamil Nadu Green Energy Corporation Limited (TNGECL) to generate 1,000 megawatts (MW) of electricity for meeting peak power demand and integrating renewable energy. It is located in the Tamil Nadu, specifically within the Nilgiris district. It includes two dams, tunnels of 2.8 km (head race) and 1.56 km (tail race), an underground powerhouse, and surface storage. Around 1,000 acres of farmland and 500 acres of forest may be submerged, affecting nearly 3,000 farmers. Landowners with joint pattas may not receive fair compensation, and earlier compensations for road projects remain pending. People are protesting due to fears of losing land, forests, and livelihoods

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A recent study found that the Surat Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) reduced air pollution by 20–30% and helped industries lower compliance costs. Surat Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) was launched in 2019 in Gujarat and is the world’s first market to trade in particulate matter emissions. It aims to control air pollution using a cap-and-trade system. Each industry is given a pollution limit, and those that pollute less can sell their extra permits to others who exceed the limit. This system is similar to those used in Europe for greenhouse gases and in China for carbon emissions. Industries trade permits through a platform run by National Commodities and Derivatives Exchange e-Markets (NeML).

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Telangana launched T-SHIELD (Telangana – Security Hub for Innovation in Enforcement and Lawful Digital Defense), the state’s first cybersecurity hardware lab. The lab is located at the Police Training College (PTC), Medchal. It was developed by Skillvedha Innovations Private Limited to provide real-time cyber defense training, hardware forensics, and digital crime simulations. T-SHIELD is one of the few labs in India focusing on hardware-level cybersecurity for law enforcement. The lab will offer Faculty Development Programs (FDPs), workshops, hackathons, and advanced training. It aims to promote innovation and readiness in tackling cybercrime through proactive, tech-driven policing.

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A recent study shows that the Mahadev Koli tribe holds rich medicinal and ecological knowledge useful for global climate resilience. The Mahadev Koli tribe is primarily found in the state of Maharashtra. They are named after their god Mahadev and live mainly in the Mahadev hills of Maharashtra. They are mostly found in Pune, Ahmednagar, and Nasik districts and are classified as a Scheduled Tribe. They speak Marathi using the Devanagari script and have twenty-four exogamous clans, using clan names as surnames. They know over 50 native tree species used for traditional medicine. Tanaji Malusare, a heroic general in Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj’s army, belonged to this tribe and is known for his bravery in the Battle of Sinhagad.