India Current Affairs [Nation & States] MCQs

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India initiated Operation Sindoor on May 7, 2025, as a direct response to the Pahalgam terror attack that killed 26 civilians, including tourists. The operation targeted nine terror-linked sites in Pakistan and Pakistan-Occupied Jammu and Kashmir. Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) and Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) are often blamed for sponsoring attacks in India. The attack on April 22, 2025, was claimed by The Resistance Front (TRF), linked to LeT, with India accusing Pakistan of supporting it. Operation Sindoor was described as “focused, measured, and non-escalatory,” aiming to dismantle terrorist infrastructure while avoiding military targets. Rafale jets and precision missiles were used in the 23-minute operation.

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The Maharashtra Cabinet recently launched the Adishakti Abhiyan to empower grassroots women and children on Ahilyabai Holkar’s 300th birth anniversary. The campaign aims to improve awareness and implementation of government schemes addressing malnutrition, infant and maternal mortality, domestic violence, sexual harassment, and child marriage. It will also promote women’s participation in the Panchayati Raj system. Committees will be formed at various levels to ensure smooth implementation, with active involvement from Panchayat Samitis. The scheme introduces the Adishakti Awards to recognize outstanding contributions. A ₹10.50 crore budget has been approved for the campaign’s execution.

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Union Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan recently launched the nationwide “Viksit Krishi Sankalp Abhiyan” to be held from May 29 to June 12, 2025. It aims to make agriculture modern and prosperous under the vision of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s mission for a developed India. Agriculture supports nearly half of India’s population and is key to national food security. The Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare has a six-point strategy: increase production, reduce costs, ensure fair prices, compensate disaster losses, promote crop diversification and organic farming. India recorded its highest-ever agricultural output in 2024–25, with food grain production rising to 3309.18 lakh tonnes. The campaign seeks to make India the “Food Basket of the World” through sustainable and surplus farming.

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Recently, the Vice-President of India unveiled statues of Charaka and Sushruta at Raj Bhavan in Goa, honouring their contribution to ancient Indian medicine. Charaka, a court physician during the Kushan period, is known as the Father of Medicine in India. He compiled the Charaka Samhita, a key text of Ayurveda, which focuses on diagnosis, prevention, physiology, and internal medicine. Charaka promoted medical ethics, dietary rules, and preventive care, and his work was translated into Arabic and Latin, influencing global medicine. Sushruta, from the 7th century BCE, is known as the Father of Surgery and possibly the first documented surgeon. He authored the Sushruta Samhita, which describes 300 surgical procedures and 120 instruments. These two legends laid the foundation for Ayurveda and surgery, and their legacy continues to inspire medical science globally.

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Recently, Lieutenant General Dinesh Singh Rana took charge as the 18th Commander-in-Chief of the Andaman and Nicobar Command (CINCAN). The Andaman and Nicobar Command (ANC) is India’s first integrated theatre command, established in 2001. It is headquartered in Port Blair and integrates the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard. The command plays a crucial role in securing India’s strategic interests in the Indian Ocean Region. The post of Commander-in-Chief Andaman and Nicobar Command (CINCAN) rotates among the three armed services.

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The Election Commission of India (ECI) has introduced a new digital reform to report voter turnout in real-time using the ECINET app. ECINET is an integrated mobile application that combines over 40 internal apps used by ECI. Presiding officers can now update voter turnout every two hours directly from polling stations using this app. The new system removes the need for manual data relay through sector or returning officers. It allows automatic and accurate aggregation of constituency-level data. It improves electoral transparency, digital governance, and public trust in the Election Commission of India.

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Recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Chenab and Anji rail bridges in Jammu and Kashmir, marking a major milestone in regional connectivity. The Chenab Rail Bridge is the world’s highest railway arch bridge. It is a steel-and-concrete engineering marvel spanning 1,315 meters across the Chenab River gorge. It is designed to withstand earthquakes and strong winds, and it will reduce travel time between Katra and Srinagar to just about 3 hours. The Anji Rail Bridge is India’s first cable-stayed railway bridge, located in Reasi district.

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Madhya Pradesh has become the first state in India to bring all urban local bodies under one digital platform. The Urban Development and Housing Department has launched E-Nagarpalika 2.0, a centralized web-based scheme. It aims to promote transparency and deliver efficient citizen services, supporting the vision of Digital India. Earlier, E-Nagarpalika 1.0 integrated services like public grievances, internal operations, and payments. E-Nagarpalika 2.0 goes further by connecting with other departments and mobile apps like UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance).

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The Kabini Reservoir in Karnataka, India, which supports both Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, has developed minor cracks and cavities in its stone structure. This issue has raised concern due to the reservoir’s importance as a lifeline for irrigation and water supply in the region. The Kabini Reservoir is located in Karnataka. It is situated on the Kabini River, a tributary of the Cauvery River.

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Recently, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR), under Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, launched a Training of Trainers (ToT) programme. It aims to boost the financial independence of Panchayats by improving their ability to generate Own Source Revenue (OSR). The programme is being run under the Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA) with support from the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Ahmedabad.