India Current Affairs [Nation & States] MCQs

Notes:
The Supreme Court is re-examining the long-standing dispute over Scheduled Tribe (ST) status of the Lambada community in Telangana. Lambadas are also known as Sugalis or Banjaras and are recognised as a Scheduled Tribe. They are mainly spread across Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. The community is believed to have originated from the Marwar region of Rajasthan. Traditionally, they were semi-nomadic traders transporting goods, but this declined during British rule. They speak “Gor Boli”, also called Lambadi language.

Notes:
More than 26 lakh households in India have benefited from PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana (PMSG: MBY) since its launch in February 2024. 20,85,514 rooftop solar (RTS) systems have been installed nationwide, providing clean energy access. Rs 14,771.82 crore in Central Financial Assistance (CFA) has been disbursed up to December 2025. The scheme allows eligible grid-connected residential consumers to install solar panels via the national portal. Gujarat leads with 5.15 lakh installations benefiting 7.41 lakh households, followed by Maharashtra (3.92 lakh) and Uttar Pradesh (3.26 lakh). The programme promotes affordable household solar energy and supports India’s clean energy transition.

Notes:
Operation Kiya is a joint counter-terrorism operation launched by Indian security forces in Jammu and Kashmir. It is currently in news due to an intense encounter in the forested Basantgarh area of Udhampur. The operation aims to track, contain, and eliminate infiltrated terrorists while protecting civilian areas. It also seeks to prevent terrorist movement across districts and infiltration corridors. The operation is carried out by the Army’s White Knight Corps, Counter Insurgency Force (Delta), Jammu and Kashmir Police, and Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF). It uses a cordon-and-search strategy to trap terrorists in forests and hilly terrain.

Notes:
Union Minister for Home and Cooperation Amit Shah informed in Lok Sabha that the Centre launched White Revolution 2.0 under Ministry of Cooperation. The initiative aims to expand dairy cooperatives, generate employment and strengthen women’s empowerment. Milk procurement by dairy cooperatives is targeted to increase by 50% to 1,007 lakh kilogram per day by 2028–29. Around 75,000 new Dairy Cooperative Societies (DCS) will be established and 46,422 existing DCS will be strengthened. The scheme will reduce post-harvest losses, improve income and enhance nutritional security.

Notes:
Gujarat Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel launched ‘Amul Artificial Intelligence (AI)’ initiative in Anand, known as the milk capital of India. The initiative aims to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the dairy cooperative system to modernize the sector. It seeks to strengthen agriculture, animal husbandry and dairy sectors and promote self-reliance. Amul connects over 36 lakh milk producers across 18,500 villages and is shifting to an integrated AI-driven system. The move is expected to improve data management, productivity and global competitiveness. It supports India’s vision to become the “Dairy of the World.”

Notes:
Operation Kayakalp was launched in 2018 by the Uttar Pradesh Government to improve infrastructure in government primary and upper primary schools. It addressed poor facilities like toilets, drinking water, boundary walls, furniture and electricity, which affected attendance and learning. The scheme follows a 19-point infrastructure standard for safe and child-friendly schools. Around 1.26 lakh schools upgraded, benefiting nearly 2 crore students with improved attendance and reduced dropouts.

Notes:
Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Sanjay Seth inaugurated the Chungthang–Lachen axis and the 400 ft Bailey Suspension Taram Chu Bridge in North Sikkim, restored by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO). Restoration follows major disasters: cloud bursts (May–June 2025), Cyclone Remal (June 2024), and Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (October 2023). Under Project Swastik, BRO cleared 96 landslides, constructed four major bridges, and repaired two others to restore Lines of Communication. The engineering team completed 8 km of fresh formation cutting and created diversions to navigate unstable slopes and sinking zones.

Notes:
The Prime Minister’s office (PMO) recently reviewed proposed CAFE-3 carbon emission norms for passenger vehicles, scheduled for 2027, but no final decision was taken. CAFE (Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency) norms were introduced by Bureau of Energy Efficiency in 2017 to regulate fuel consumption and carbon emissions from passenger vehicles. They were applicable to petrol, diesel, LPG, CNG, hybrid, and electric vehicles (EVs) under 3,500 kg. Norms tightened in 2022-23 with higher penalties for non-compliance. The objective is to reduce oil dependency, air pollution, and promote EVs, hybrids, and CNG vehicles.

Notes:
The Central Adoption Resource Authority recently issued nationwide directions to strengthen adoption procedures, safeguard records, and protect children’s identity. Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Women and Child Development. It gained statutory status through Section 68 of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. It regulates adoption of orphan, abandoned, and surrendered children through recognised adoption agencies.

Notes:
Uttarakhand government has made special health arrangements for this year’s Char Dham Yatra through real-time monitoring on the ‘e-Swasthya Dham’ portal for immediate medical assistance. e-Swasthya Dham portal was launched by Uttarakhand government. Experienced doctors and paramedical staff will be deployed at permanent and temporary medical units along pilgrimage routes, major halting points, and all four Dhams. A total of 177 ambulances, including 108 emergency, advanced life support, and cardiac ambulances, will be stationed along the routes.