India Current Affairs [Nation & States] MCQs

Notes:
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) report 2023 shows 807 river locations unfit for bathing, down from 815 in 2022. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) monitors river health using Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). A BOD above 3 mg/L indicates pollution and unfit for bathing. Polluted River Stretch (PRS) is defined as two consecutive locations exceeding the BOD criterion in a river. In 2023, 296 Polluted River Stretch (PRS) were recorded in 271 rivers. In 2022, there were 311 PRS in 279 rivers. Maharashtra had 54 PRS, followed by Kerala 31, Madhya Pradesh and Manipur 18 each, and Karnataka 14.

Notes:
Andhra Pradesh expanded its WhatsApp Governance platform ‘Mana Mitra’ to offer 738 citizen services across 36 departments. Mana Mitra is India’s first WhatsApp-based governance platform, launched in January 2025 to deliver public services digitally. Citizens access services by messaging 9552300009, using a menu-driven chatbot for education, revenue, RTC, endowments, tourism, taxes, and more. Certificates like income, caste, and hall tickets are delivered digitally with QR code verification for authenticity. The platform integrates a real-time governance dashboard to track requests and service delivery.

Notes:
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) extended the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA), 1958 for six months in parts of Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, and Nagaland on 26 September 2025. The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) was enacted by the Parliament in 1958. The Act was passed to provide special powers to armed forces in “disturbed areas” to combat insurgency and maintain public order where civilian authorities were unable to function effectively.

Notes:
Kondareddypally in Vangoor Mandal, Nagarkurnool district, Telangana, became South India’s first fully solar-powered village and India’s second. The village has 514 homes and 11 government buildings running entirely on solar energy, providing uninterrupted power and eliminating electricity bills. Surplus energy is sold back to the grid, generating revenue for villagers. The ₹10.53 crore project was funded by central government subsidies, corporate social responsibility (CSR) contributions, and executed by Telangana Renewable Energy Development Corporation Ltd (TREDCO) under Telangana Green Energy Mission.

Notes:
Recently, hundreds protested in Daporijo, Arunachal Pradesh, against the proposed Subansiri Upper Hydroelectric Project. The Subansiri Upper Hydroelectric Project is a 1,800 Megawatt (MW) run-of-the-river project on the Subansiri River basin in Arunachal Pradesh. It is expected to start commercial operations in 2031. The project aims to generate 6,581.29 Gigawatt-hours (GWh) of electricity. The total estimated project cost is around 2,346.87 million US dollars.

Notes:
Union Minister of Roads, Transport and Highways, Mr Nitin Gadkari, inaugurated India’s first commercial electric truck battery swapping and charging station Panchi Gujran village, Sonipat, Haryana. 5 million tons of stubble are used annually for bio-bitumen in road construction in Maharashtra, Nagpur, and Jabalpur. Ethanol production from corn has expanded the corn market and enabled flexi-engines in agricultural machinery. EV trucks will reduce pollution and run at lower transport costs than railways. India aims to produce aviation and ship fuel, lowering logistics costs and fuel expenses.

Notes:
The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS), Ministry of Ayush, launched SPARK–4.0 (2025–26), the fourth edition of the Studentship Program for Ayurveda Research Ken (SPARK). The program aims to ignite scientific curiosity and research aptitude among undergraduate Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery (BAMS) students across India. 300 BAMS students from National Commission for Indian System of Medicine (NCISM) recognized colleges will receive a studentship of ₹50,000 (₹25,000 per month for two months). SPARK provides short-term independent research projects under faculty mentorship, covering research methodology, experimental design, and data analysis. The program fosters a research-oriented generation of Ayurveda professionals and strengthens the Ayush research ecosystem.

Notes:
The Ministry of Law and Justice launched the “Live Cases” Dashboard under the Legal Information Management and Briefing System (LIMBS). The dashboard provides real-time data visualization of court cases for proactive decision-making and better inter-ministerial coordination. LIMBS is a web-based litigation monitoring system from the central government’s perspective. It is an easy-to-access online tool available 24×7, enabling transparent, effective, and proactive monitoring of court cases. The system covers the entire life cycle of litigation, helping ministries and departments track and manage legal matters efficiently.

Notes:
The Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has been launched by the Northeast Frontier Railway (NFR) under the Ministry of Railways. It has successfully completed trial works in four key railway sections. The system aims to protect wildlife, especially elephants, while maintaining operational efficiency in forested areas. The IDS runs parallel to railway tracks at a distance of 10 metres. It uses advanced optical fibre sensing technology to detect elephant movements near tracks. The system sends real-time alerts to train drivers and control rooms for preventive action. Elephant-generated vibrations are detected by sensor cables and transmitted to the control room.

Notes:
The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) is set to launch India’s first Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) project at the East Delhi Hub. Transit-Oriented Development is an urban planning strategy that builds homes, offices, and markets around public transport systems. It focuses on placing public transportation at the centre of city planning to reduce dependence on private vehicles. The main goals are shorter commutes, lower transport costs, and less pollution exposure.