New Reed Snake Species Calamaria Mizoramensis Discovered in Mizoram

Researchers have discovered a new species of reed snake in Mizoram, underscoring the state’s rich but still underexplored biodiversity. The non-venomous species has been named “Calamaria mizoramensis”, after the state where it was found. The discovery adds to India’s growing list of endemic reptiles and highlights the ecological significance of forested hill regions in the Northeast.

Discovery and Scientific Publication

The discovery was led by Prof. H. T. Lalremsanga of Mizoram University, along with researcher Malsawmdawngliana Fanai and collaborators from Russia, Germany, and Vietnam. The findings were formally published on January 5, 2026, in the peer-reviewed journal Zootaxa. The team confirmed that the species belongs to the genus “Calamaria”, which currently comprises 69 recognised species worldwide.

From Misidentification to New Species

According to Prof. Lalremsanga, specimens of the snake were first encountered in 2008 on the Mizoram University campus and later across multiple locations in the state. For years, these specimens were considered part of a widespread Southeast Asian species due to limited genetic distinction. Detailed genetic analysis conducted on samples collected over more than a decade revealed over 15% divergence from the closest known relatives, a threshold sufficient to identify a new species.

Habitat, Behaviour and Distribution

“Calamaria mizoramensis” is described as nocturnal and semi-fossorial, inhabiting humid, forested hill environments. Recorded habitats range between 670 and 1,295 metres above sea level, including areas close to human settlements such as the Mizoram University campus. While the species is currently confirmed only from Mizoram, researchers say its presence in neighbouring states like Manipur, Nagaland, Assam, and even Bangladesh’s Chittagong region cannot be ruled out.

Imporatnt Facts for Exams

• “Calamaria mizoramensis” is a newly described, non-venomous reed snake.
• The genus “Calamaria” has 69 recognised species globally.
• The species was confirmed through DNA divergence of over 15%.
• Zootaxa is a leading journal for zoological taxonomy.

Mizoram’s Expanding Herpetofaunal Record

The study also presented an updated checklist of Mizoram’s herpetofauna, documenting 169 species, including 52 amphibians and 117 reptiles. This reinforces Mizoram’s status as a biodiversity hotspot and highlights the need for continued research and conservation efforts in the region’s fragile hill ecosystems.