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UPSC Current Affairs Quiz: January 11, 2025
UPSC Current Affairs Quiz: January 11, 2025
1. Consider the following:
- In Direct Tax, both the impact and incidence fall on the same person.
- CBDT under the Ministry of Finance manages Direct Taxes in India.
- Examples of Direct Taxes include Alternate Minimum Tax (AMT) and Equalization Levy (Google Tax/GAFA Tax).
Which of the above is/are correct?
[A] Only 1 & 2
[B] Only 3
[C] 1 and 3
[D] 1 2 and 3
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [1 2 and 3]
Notes:
- A Direct Tax is a tax directly borne by the individual or entity on whom it is imposed, with both the impact and incidence falling on the same person. Unlike indirect taxes, its burden cannot be shifted to others.
- In India, Direct Taxes are managed by the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT), part of the Department of Revenue under the Ministry of Finance.
- Prominent examples of Direct Taxes in India include: Income Tax (IT), Corporate Tax, Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT), Alternate Minimum Tax (AMT), Capital Gains Tax (CGT), Securities Transaction Tax (STT), Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT), Wealth Tax, Banking Cash Transaction Tax (BCTT), Digital Tax (Google Tax, GAFA Tax, or Equalization Levy)
2. In context with historical figures, consider the following pair:
| Names |
Achievements |
| 1. Marie Curie |
First woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics |
| 2. Albert Einstein |
Developed the Theory of General Relativity |
| 3. Galileo Galilei |
Laid the foundation for classical mechanics and gravitational theory |
| 4. Isaac Newton |
Referred to as the father of modern observational astronomy |
How many of the above pairs are correct?
[A] Only one
[B] Only two
[C] Only three
[D] All four
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only two]
Notes:
- Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics: This is correct. She won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903.
- Albert Einstein developed the theory of general relativity, which revolutionized our understanding of gravity: This is correct. He published this theory in 1915.
- Galileo Galilei is often referred to as the father of modern observational astronomy. His telescope observations laid the groundwork for modern astronomy.
- Isaac Newton’s work laid the foundation for classical mechanics and gravitational theory. His work, including the laws of motion, is fundamental to physics.
3. Consider the following pairs:
| Lake Superior |
Largest freshwater lake in the world |
| Lake Titicaca |
Largest tropical lake in the world |
| Lake Baikal |
Deepest Lake in the World |
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
[A] Only one pair
[B] Only two pairs
[C] All three pairs
[D] None of the pairs
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only two pairs]
Notes:
- Lake Superior is the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area and the third-largest freshwater lake by volume, holding 13% of the fresh water in all of the world’s rivers and lakes.
- Lake Titicaca: This lake is recognized as the highest navigable lake in the world, situated at an elevation of about 3,812 meters (12,507 feet) above sea level.
- Lake Victoria: It is indeed the largest tropical lake in the world by surface area, covering approximately 68,800 square kilometers.
- Lake Baikal in Siberia, Russia is the world’s deepest lake, with a depth of 1,642 meters (5,387 feet)
4. With reference to Directives Principles of State Policy (DPSPs), consider the following statements:
- To provide free legal aid to the poor.
- To protect and improve the environment.
- Participation of workers in the management of Industries
How many of the above statements have been added by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act?
[A] Only one
[B] Only two
[C] All three
[D] None
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [None]
Notes:42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976: It introduced certain changes in the part-IV of the Constitution by adding new directives:
- Article 39A: To provide free legal aid to the poor.
- Article 43A: Participation of workers in management of Industries.K1M
- Article 48A: To protect and improve the environment.
5. Consider the following:
- Tuberculosis
- HIV/AIDS
- Malaria
- Measles
Which of the above diseases is primarily transmitted through airborne particles?
[A] Only one
[B] Only two
[C] Only three
[D] All four
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Only two]
Notes:
- Measles and TB are airborne diseases. There are several other diseases that spread through respiratory droplets, which can exist either in the air or on surfaces.
- Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs and spread through airborne particles when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
- HIV/AIDS is transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and from mother to child, while malaria is transmitted through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes.
- TB’s airborne transmission makes it particularly concerning in crowded or closed environments, such as prisons, where the risk of spreading the disease is higher.
Originally written on
January 11, 2025
and last modified on
September 24, 2025.
