Sudan has approved an agreement enabling Russia to build its first naval base in Africa

Sudan has approved a landmark agreement allowing Russia to set up its first naval base in Africa, securing Moscow a strategic foothold on the Red Sea. The announcement followed high-level talks in Moscow between Sudanese Foreign Minister Ali Youssef Ahmed al-Sharif and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, concluding years of delayed negotiations.

Strategic Location on the Red Sea

The new facility will be a logistics support centre located near Port Sudan, positioned along one of the world’s most important maritime corridors. Around 12 percent of global trade passes through the Red Sea and Suez Canal, offering Russia a significant vantage point alongside existing American and Chinese bases in Djibouti.

Key Terms of the Defence Agreement

Under the pact first outlined in 2017 and signed in 2020, Russia can deploy up to 300 personnel and host four naval vessels, including nuclear-powered ships. The agreement spans 25 years with automatic 10-year extensions. Sudanese officials have stated that all outstanding issues have been resolved and both sides are in complete accord.

Geopolitical Context Behind the Deal

The revival of the agreement comes at a time when Russia’s long-term access to its Syrian naval facility in Tartus appears uncertain. Establishing a base in Sudan provides Moscow with strategic redundancy in the region. It also marks a notable diplomatic gain for Russia as it seeks to diversify its overseas military presence.

Exam Oriented Facts

• Russia’s new base will be located near Port Sudan on the Red Sea.
• The agreement permits deployment of 300 personnel and four naval vessels.
• The deal lasts 25 years with automatic 10-year renewals.
• About 12% of global maritime trade transits the Red Sea–Suez route.

Internal Pressures and External Concerns

Sudan’s internal conflict and political instability raise questions about the long-term continuity of the arrangement. Analysts note Russia’s complex role in the country, including its shifting engagement between the Sudanese army and paramilitary factions. Despite these challenges, both governments describe the agreement as fully settled, marking a significant development in Red Sea geopolitics.