Social Media Quiz

Notes:
Ritual Legitimation: Tribal chiefs (like those of the Gonds) who gained political power sought high-caste status to legitimize their rule. Brahmanas were invited to perform the Hiranya-garbha (golden womb) ritual, which symbolically “re-birthed” the chief as a Kshatriya. The Imperial Ulema were Muslim legal scholars and irrelevant to Hindu varna assimilation. Universal adult franchise is a modern democratic concept, not medieval. Zawabit were secular state decrees by Sultans/Emperors, not a tool for caste mobility.

Notes:
The correct answer is [B] 2 only. The Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008 was enacted to provide access to justice to citizens at their doorsteps and ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen.

• Jurisdiction (Statement 1 – Incorrect): Gram Nyayalayas have jurisdiction over both civil and criminal cases. They can try criminal offences specified in the First Schedule and civil suits specified in the Second Schedule of the Act. This includes petty offences, disputes related to wages (MGNREGA), and mobile courts that can function at the village level.
• Mediators and Social Activists (Statement 2 – Correct): The Act emphasizes conciliation and settlement. It specifically provides for the appointment of social activists or persons having experience in mediation as conciliators to help parties reach an amicable settlement before the case proceeds to a formal trial.
• Key Features: * The Gram Nyayalaya is presided over by a Nyayadhikari, who has the same powers and salary as a Judicial Magistrate of the First Class.
  • The court is not bound by the strict rules of evidence provided in the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, but is guided by the principles of natural justice.
  • Appeals in criminal cases go to the Court of Session, while appeals in civil cases go to the District Court.

The Act was a significant step toward decentralizing the judicial system and reducing the burden on higher courts while providing speedy and affordable justice to rural populations.

Notes:
Spain has announced a nationwide ban on social media access for children below 16 years of age. It became the first European country and the second globally after Australia to take this step. The ban is expected to come into force within a week. Social media companies must enforce strict age verification and compliance. Australia introduced a similar ban in December 2025, leading to removal of over 5.5 lakh underage accounts. The move may influence other European Union countries to adopt stricter digital child protection laws.

Notes:
Over the past five years, police across India have expanded social media monitoring to track evolving crime trends. Dedicated social media monitoring cells increased from 262 in 28 States and 8 Union Territories in 2020 to 365 by 2024. Bihar (52), Maharashtra (50), Punjab (48), West Bengal (38), and Assam (37) have the highest number of cells. Cyber Crime police stations rose from 376 in 2020 to 624 in 2024. Drones in police forces increased to 1,147 in 2024 from 1,010 in 2023. India has 5,92,839 vacant police posts out of a sanctioned strength of 27,55,274.

Notes:
Australia has implemented the world’s first nationwide ban on social media access for children below the age of 16 years, with the objective of strengthening child online safety and protecting minors from digital harms. The law places the responsibility of enforcement on social media companies rather than on children or their parents. It aims to shield minors from addictive algorithms, cyberbullying, online predators and exposure to harmful or inappropriate content, while promoting healthier boundaries between childhood, family life and the digital environment.

Notes:
Recently, Denmark announced a ban on social media access for individuals below 15 years of age to protect children’s mental health and safety. Denmark is located in north-central Europe and is one of the Scandinavian countries. It also includes the Faroe Islands and Greenland, both situated in the North Atlantic Ocean. It shares its land border with Germany to the south. Denmark is surrounded by the Baltic Sea, North Sea, Kattegat Bay, and Kiel Bay. The capital city of Denmark is Copenhagen.

Notes:
Industrialization led to rapid urbanization and overcrowded slums with poor sanitation, and spurred the rise of trade unions and labor movements demanding better conditions. However, immediate and universal female suffrage did not occur; women in most industrial societies received voting rights much later. Thus, only statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Notes:
The Government of Nepal has decided to ban all unregistered social media sites in the country. Minister of Communications and Information Technology (MoCIT) Prithvi Subba Gurung announced the decision. Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) is instructed to disable unregistered social media platforms. On August 28, 2025, MoCIT issued a 7-day ultimatum for domestic and international platforms to register, requiring a local office and contact person under the Directive for Regulation of Social Media Use, 2080. 26 sites, including Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, X, YouTube, Viber, Botim, will be banned.

Notes:
Recently, Maharashtra CM Devendra Fadnavis launched the ‘Garud Drishti’ social media monitoring and cyber intelligence project in Nagpur to curb online hate, misinformation, and cybercrime. ₹10 crore recovered from cybercrime cases was distributed to victims during the event. The tool will help police detect hate posts, anti-India propaganda, caste-tension content, and online drug sales. It will be extended to other units to strengthen state-wide law and order.

Notes:

• The Bar Council of India prohibits advocates from using social media for advertising their services. Correct: The Bar Council of India has issued warnings against advocates advertising their services through social media, emphasizing the need to maintain the integrity of the legal profession.
• The Bar Council of India has no authority over foreign-based content creators. Correct: The BCI’s jurisdiction does not extend to foreign-based content creators, making it challenging to regulate unethical legal advertisements that originate outside India.