Science & Technology Current Affairs MCQs

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CSIR-Central Road Research Institute and Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited were recognized by the India Book of Records and Asia Book of Records for constructing the first roadblock section using technical textile geocells made from end-of-life plastic waste. The project demonstrated the scientific use of difficult-to-manage plastic waste in sustainable road infrastructure development. The technology uses technical textile geocells manufactured from processed end-of-life plastic waste for road engineering applications. The initiative supports sustainable waste management, resilient road construction, and circular economy goals.

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South Korea introduced its first humanoid robot monk named Gabi at a Buddhist ceremony held at Jogyesa Temple on 6 May 2026. Gabi was presented by the Jogye Order ahead of Buddha’s Birthday celebrations on 24 May 2026. A humanoid robot is a machine designed with a human-like body structure, including a head, torso, arms, and legs. During the ceremony, Gabi bowed to monks, pledged devotion to Buddhism, and received the Dharma name “Gabi,” combining Siddhartha and the Korean word for mercy.

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Indian Space Research Organisation developed the Environmental Control and Life Support System for the Gaganyaan mission. The ECLSS is a mission-critical system designed to recreate Earth-like sea-level conditions inside a spacecraft for astronauts in low Earth orbit. The system regulates cabin air composition, atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, and waste management to ensure astronaut safety and comfort.

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China successfully launched the Shenzhou 23 spacecraft on 25 May 2026 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The mission carried three astronauts to the Tiangong Space Station. A major objective of the mission is to study long-duration human survival in space through a planned one-year orbital stay. The mission will also conduct experiments in space biology, medicine, and materials science to support China’s future Moon and deep-space exploration plans.

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Researchers from Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali developed a novel light-driven nano-catalyst for cleaner and energy-efficient chemical manufacturing. The institute is an autonomous body under the Department of Science and Technology. The catalyst combines gold nanoparticles, palladium nanoparticles, and the light-absorbing molecule BODIPY. It uses light energy to accelerate chemical reactions, reducing the need for toxic solvents, high temperatures, and energy-intensive industrial processes.

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Google’s biotechnology initiative Project Debug has applied to the United States Environmental Protection Agency to release sterile male mosquitoes in California and Florida. The project aims to biologically control disease-carrying mosquitoes using eco-friendly methods instead of chemical pesticides. The initiative mainly targets mosquito species such as Culex and Aedes aegypti, which spread diseases like West Nile virus, dengue, Zika, and St. Louis encephalitis.

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Pyroprocessing was recently in news due to its role in reprocessing spent nuclear fuel in advanced fast reactor programmes. Pyroprocessing is a process that uses high temperatures to bring about physical or chemical changes in materials. It is a dry and energy-intensive process. Major sectors using pyroprocessing: Cement industry, Metallurgy and Nuclear power industry. In the nuclear industry, pyroprocessing is used to reprocess spent nuclear fuel through high-temperature electrochemical separation.

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Narayana Health City, Bengaluru, recently performed India’s first Pulsed Field Ablation (PFA) procedure for the treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (AFib). PFA is an advanced cardiac electrophysiology technique that uses ultra-fast electrical pulses to selectively target abnormal heart tissue while minimizing damage to surrounding structures. The procedure was completed in 35 minutes, significantly faster than traditional thermal ablation methods that can take several hours. Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) is a common heart rhythm disorder in which the upper chambers of the heart beat irregularly, increasing the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other complications.

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Scientists discovered the world’s largest whale graveyard in the Diamantina Fracture Zone. The site lies in the southeastern Indian Ocean at depths of more than 7,000 metres. The discovery was led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences using the Fendouzhe submersible. Researchers identified more than 485 fossil sites spread across a 1,200-km underwater rift. The fossils are estimated to be 120,000 years to 5.3 million years old. This is considered a landmark discovery in marine paleontology.

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Tetanus, once considered nearly eradicated, is resurging in the United States. Tetanus is a serious bacterial infection that affects the nervous system and is also known as lockjaw. The bacteria usually enter the body through open wounds or cuts. Tetanus bacteria are commonly found in soil, manure, and the human intestine. The disease is not transmitted from person to person. There is no cure for tetanus; treatment mainly focuses on managing symptoms and complications. Recovery from tetanus does not provide natural immunity, so a person can be infected again. Tetanus is completely preventable through vaccination.