Modern Indian History MCQs

Notes:
Arhar (Majlis-e Ahrar-e Islam) was a religious Muslim political party in the British India. It was established on 29 December 1929 at Lahore. The group was constituted with the cynical Indian muslims who took part in the Khilafat Movement. The party was mainly based in Punjab.

Notes:
After the Jalianwala bagh incident, Gandhiji wrote in his “Young India” magazine that “This satanic government can not be mended, it must be ended”. Later he realized the Khilafat movement could unite Hindu and Muslim together. In the year 1919 (24th November), Gandhiji presided the All India Khilafat Conference in Delhi. The non-violence agenda was taken by the Khilafat Committee in June 1920.

Notes:
The British Committee of the Indian National Congress was established in Britain by the Indian National Congress in 1889. Its objective was to raise awareness of Indian issues to the public in Britain, to whom the Government of India was responsible. William Wedderburn served as the first chairman and William Digby as its secretary.

Notes:
The book Poverty and Un-British Rule in India depicts how the British rule was draining the wealth of India into Britain. Dadabhai Naoroji is the writer of the book. The book was published in the year 1901.

Notes:
In Jhansi, the Great Mutiny of 1857 was led by Jhansi ki Rani Laxmi Bai. She fought courageously but after two weeks, the British forces under the command of Sir Hugh Rose captured the Jhansi but she fled away with her son Anand Rao. Later, with the joint efforts of Rani of Jhansi and Tantya Tope, Gwalior was caputured. But, this happiness was not last long, after three days, the British forces captured Gwalior and Rani Laxmi Bai died on the battle field on June 17,1858. Tantia Tope was captured and hanged on charges of rebellion and murder in the massacre of Kanpur on April 15, 1859.

Notes:
Keshab Chandra Sen founded Indian Reform Association in 1870. It was an organisation that articulated in favour of temperance, education, inexpensive literature and technical education.

Notes:
In order to consolidate the British rule in India, the civil services were reformed, modernised and rationalised by Lord
Cornwallis and hence, he is known as the “Father of Indian Civil Service”. The basic principle was the separation of revenue administration from the judicial administration. The Collector was diprived of judicial and magisterial powers, he became only the head of revenue administration. The posts of district judges were created to look after judicial administration. He reserved all the convenanted services for Britishers and excluded Indians from superior posts. Due to doubtfulness about the integrity and ability of Indians, he introduced this policy.

Notes:
Lord William Bentick (1828-34) was the most liberal and enlightened Governor-General of India, who was known as ‘the Father of Modern Western Education in India’. He abolished Sati pratha and other cruel rites in 1829 and annexed Mysore in 1831. And also concluded a treaty of perpetual friendship with Ranjit Singh in 1831.

Notes:
In 1868, Amrita Bazar Patrika, a Bengali daily newspaper, started by Shishir Kumar Ghosh, Moti Lal Ghosh and Tusar Kanti Ghosh. It was used as a tool to expose British agent’s cruel deads of tyrrany.

Notes:
The Jiyatarang movement started in Manipur under the leadership of Naga Woman Rani Gaidinliu. Manipur society was transformed into the semi feudal and colonial society by Britishers. The movement was against the colonial regime.